Elusive Eden Chapter 1-30
Proposition 13, the Jarvis-Gann Amendment, set property tax rates at ___% of the assessed value of property per year.
1
In 2012 voters approved Proposition 28, which allows state legislators to serve a combined total of ____ years into two chambers of the legislature
12
What is the latest possible date that Native Americans could have arrived in North America?
15,000 BCE
Estanislao's rebellion began in
1829
In what year did American settlers first appear in California?
1841
California historians began producing the first local and state histories in the
1870s
What year was the MOST successful for the Populist Party in California?
1894
In what year did women win the vote in California?
1911
In the ________, rising nativism and racism led into a rebirth of the Ku Klux Klan
1920s
The "baby boom" birthrate peaked in California in
1957
In what year was the African American population of Los Angeles the highest, as a percent of the total population?
1960
In about ______ the percentage of California women who worked reached 50% for the first time
1970
In which decade did California strongly increase its spending on freeways and mass transit?
1990s
Proposition 39 amended the state constitution regarding the percentage of voters needed to approve a local school bond, which is now
55%
In the 2016 presidential election, Hillary Clinton received about ___ of the vote in California
62%
Which of the following statements BEST summarizes the success of agricultural unions in 1930s California?
A few successes but little long-term progress
Of the following events, which heralded the beginning of the end of the progressive era?
America's entry into World War I
This brought California out of the economic difficulties of the 1930s
America's entry into World War II
What were resident aliens promised in return for military service?
American citizenship
This person served as both mayor of Los Angeles and Speaker of theAssembly:
Antonio Villaraigosa
This company introduced the first smartphone in 2007:
Apple
Which of the following governors succeeded in passing a law requiring California to regulate greenhouse gases?
Arnold Schwarzenegger
Of the following presidents, who did the MOST to promote efforts to combat climate change?
Barack Obama
How were the structures of justice determined in the early years of the mining camps?
By the miners themselves
In the 1850s, which state was the most racially diverse?
California
Which state had the highest number of homeless in 2017?
California
One example of the creative use of closed military bases was the establishment of this state university:
California State University, Monterey Bay
According to the textbook,
Californians are quite similar to the larger American culture
During prohibition, liquor was brought into California primarily form
Canada
Spain's empire in the western hemisphere included all of the following, EXCEPT
Canada
Which type of domestic animal worked out BEST economically in Spanish California?
Cattle
Which of the following was a factor for those who argued that California would have thought economic times after World War II ended?
Changing employment levels in aircraft and shipbuilding
The Central Pacific Railroad relied primarily on _________ laborers to lay the tracks over the Sierra Nevada
Chinese
Cabrillo and his men were particularly impressed by the seafaring skills and affluence of this tribe:
Chumash
In 1863, ___________________ used his connections in the east to get loans for the Central Pacific Railroad
Collis P. Huntington
Of the following terms, which BEST describes the attitudes of Japanese Americans toward impending incarceration in internment camps during World War II?
Cooperative
Why did American emigrants to 1840s Mexican California have such an east time settling there?
Corrupt local officials had the power to grant passports
This UC campus initially focused on agriculture, but was made a "genera" campus after World War II:
Davis
Which of the following reasons BEST accounts for sluggish population growth in California in the latter half of the 1850s?
Declining profits from gold mining
Which of the following did NOT occur in the millennium prior to European colonization?
Decreased importance of kinship and lineage
Which of the following was NOT a problem facing the large Hollywood studios in the decade after World War II?
Decreased numbers of potential visitors to movie theaters
Which of the following has been de-emphasized by modern California historians?
Deeds of famous people
After the 1996 election,
Democrats controlled the Assembly and the Senate
The 1978 election saw
Democrats lose their majority in the state legislature
The leader of the Workingmen's Party of California was
Denis Kearney
Which of the following was LEAST significant in causing the state budget gap announced by Governor Davis in late 2002?
Difficulties in raising property taxes
How did Aimee Semple McPherson die?
Drug overdose
Which Americans residents were MOST likely to head to the California gold fields by sea?
East Coast residents
In the latter half of the twentieth century, California's Hispanic center was
East Los Angeles
The winner of the 1958 gubernatorial election was
Edmund G. "Pat" Brown
Which of the following was NOT a trend in the first decades of the twentieth century?
Emphasis on preservationism over utilitarianism regarding natural resources
The captain of the Golden Hind was from
England
Which of the following statements about the movie industry in the 1920s is NOT true?
Established stars had not yet emerged
The centerpiece of the California Water Project was a dam on the
Feather River near Oroville
Approximately when did the last ice age end?
Fifteen to twenty thousand years ago
In the latter half of the 1920s, agribusiness increasingly turned to this Asian ethnic group for labor:
Filipinos
Where was Secretary of State William Jennings Bryan taken in April of 1913 to show him the supposed problem of Japanese domination of agricutlure?
Florin
Which of the following regions has the highest temperatures in summer?
Interior of southern California
Which of the following technological innovations occurred FIRST?
Invention of the transistor
Japanese immigrants are referred to as
Issei
What accounted for the large increase in population growth in Oakland i the 1870s?
It location as the terminus of the Central Pacific Railroad
Why was the loss of the San Agustín such a disaster?
It was loaded with valuable cargo from the Philippines
The settlers and land spectators who occupied and claimed the controversial land in Mussel Slough did so largely because
It was not clear if the Southern Pacific Railroad would actually gain legal title to those lands
Why was the plan presented by Theodore Judah for a transcontinental railroad rejected by Congress by 1860?
It was opposed by many Southerners
What geographic feature made San Francisco MOST attractive as a major center of international and national trade?
Its deep-water port
Which of the following statements about the oil industry in California to 1900 is NOT true?
Its products were cheaper to produce than those produced back east
During the first two decades of the twentieth century, this ethnic group incurred the greatest ire of Californians:
Japanese
The California Alien Land Act was MOST aimed at
Japanese immigrants
The first recorded overland journey up the California coast into Oregon was done by
Jedediah Smith
Which American mountain man showed up at Mission San Gabriel to the consternation of Governor Echeandia?
Jedediah Smith
In 1974, ___________ was elected governor
Jerry Brown
Which was the FIRST month in which people from all walks of life and from areas all over California began streaming to the gold districts?
June 1848
Proposition 13 had the biggest and most noticeable impact on
K-12 education
Which of the following is NOT a factor that helps explain why successful union building in Los Angeles was difficult in the 1930s?
Lack of quality leadership of unions
What was the MOST important factor that hindered California from attacking monopolistic practices of large corporations in the late nineteenth century?
Lack of strong action against monopolies at the federal level
In 2014, this ethnic group became the largest in California
Latina/os
At the beginning of the twentieth century, in which of the following professions were women the smallest percentage of the work force?
Lawyer
In 1861, ___________ was elected governor of California
Leland Stanford
Whom did California legislature choose for a U.S. Senate seat in 1885?
Leland Stanford
Of the following Spanish practices in California, which was MOST destructive to the environment?
Livestock ranching
Of the following towns, which has survived as the best and most extensive example of a Chinatown?
Locke
Aimee Semple McPherson is MOST associated with this city:
Los Angeles
In 1930, the most prominent city in the western United States was
Los Angeles
In the 1780s, this was the largest settlement in Spanish California
Los Angeles
Watts is a part of
Los Angeles
Which southern California city benefitted the MOST from railroad transportation in the 1870s?
Los Angeles
Of the following factors, which contributed the MOST to the pain of the early 1990s recession in California?
Loss of defense and military jobs
Which of the following was NOT a characteristic of Governor Alvarado's tenure?
Major political unrest
During World War II, the United States officially encouraged temporary foreign laborers from
Mexico
The first instance in which California water authorities reneged on earlier water rights agreements involved
Mono Lake
Which of the following was a component of the new municipal charters proposed for San Francisco?
More power for the mayor
This California politician served as Speaker of the House of Representatives
Nancy Pelosi
The children of Japanese immigrants are referred to as
Nisei
Of these three men (John Sutter, Sam Brannan, and James Wilson Marshall) who were involved with the discovery of gold in California and the ensuing Gold Rush, which one died a wealthy man?
None of these men died wealthy
During World War II, California's deserts were ideal for preparing the American military to fight in
North Africa
In 1845, the Mexican government thought the _________ River should be the dividing line between Mexico and Texas
Nueces
Which type of mining was LEAST damaging to the environment?
Panning
Who was the governor of California during the Bear Flag Revolt?
Pio Pico
Of the following groups, which was lowest on the class hierarchy of Mexican California?
Pobladores
World War II in Europe began when this country was invaded
Poland
This had the GREATEST impact on finally convincing Americans in the East that there truly was a major gold find in California:
President Polk's announcement in his annual address to Congress
Which of the following groups benefitted MOST from desecularization?
Rancheros
Which of the following economic sectors did the BEST in the first half of the 200s?
Real Estate
What was the main source of labor on white-owned farms in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta?
Recent Asian immigrants
_________________ took up the most time at the 1879 constitutional convention
Regulation of corporations
After the 1865 presidential election, the _________ Party became quite important in California politics
Republican
Opposition to the expansion of parks and wilderness areas has come primarily from
Republicans and their allies
The winner of the 1966 gubernatorial election was
Ronald Reagan
Which of the following regions was NOT a major area of gold mining?
Russian River area
The first rail line in California started at
Sacramento
Which area was especially hard hit in the epic flood of the winter of 1861-1862?
Sacramento
___________ won the struggle with other California cities to become the home part of the Pacific Fleet
San Diego
By the late 1850s, the dominant city in California was
San Francisco
In the late 1960s, hippies congregated in the largest numbers in
San Francisco
Of the following regions, which had the easiest time complying with federal air-quality standards?
San Francisco Bay Area
Mussel Slough is located in the
San Joaquin Valley
In the 1990s, California's high-tech industry was primarily located in or near
San Jose
Who founded the first missions in California?
Serra
Of the following, which BEST captures Dame Shirley's attitudes toward California Indians?
She thought they were inferior to whites
According to the textbook, which of the following terms LEAST applies to the vision of California's past developed by modern scholars?
Simple
Prior to switching to the Democratic Party in 1933, Upton Sinclair had belonged to the _______ Party
Socialist
Which of the following factors were generally favorable to farming in the 1850s?
Soil quality
The initial action of the Bear Flag Revolt was the seizure of colonel Vallejo's compound in
Sonoma
California was named by people from
Spain
Why did Spain wait until 1776 to establish a presence in San Francisco?
Spain did not know San Francisco Bay existed.
In most mining camps, mining did not occur on
Sundays
Of the following centuries, which had the MOST severe drought?
Tenth century
During the Great Recession, California's unemployment numbers were
above the national average
This was the most important plant food source for most foothill tribelets:
acorns
The Higher Education Act of 1960
affirmed that University of California campuses would be the most selective in admitting students
The geography of the Delta was such that
agriculture worked best on large, well-funded farms
During World War II, California the two biggest defense industries were the manufacturing of
aircraft and ships
Central Pacific/Southern Pacific's state charter said that the line from San Francisco to the Colorado River needed to run
along the coast to San Diego
Compared to other states, California's 21st-century road system is
among the worst
This major event occurred in Aimee Semple McPherson's life in 1926:
an alleged kidnapping
The Compromise of 1850
approved California statehood
Theodore Judah did all of the following, EXCEPT
approved the giving contracts to Crocker's construction company
The most important lasting influence of Spanish/Mexican culture in California has been in
architecture
Aimee Semple McPherson's congregation was
at one point the world's largest Christian congregation
During his term as a governor, Frank Merriam
backed a state income tax
Native women were MOST prominent in the production of this type of art:
basket weaving
Rose Elizabeth Bird was the first California woman to
become a justice on the state supreme court
In histories aimed towards non-academic audiences, California has been MOST commonly portrayed as a(n)
benevolent land of opportunities
In America, this ethnic group has had the MOST difficult time escaping from the ghettos and moving into mainstream society:
blacks
California's first historians sought to
boost economic development in the state
In the 1890s, the Populists
called for nationalization of the railroads
The Townsend plan
called for payments to seniors that had to be spent within a month
The rich and elaborate life of the ranchero depended MOST upon
cheap Indian labor
The most successful crop in southern California in the 1880s was
citrus
Living arrangements at the World War II internment camps for Japanese Americans were
communal
The main source of white antagonism to Chinese miners was
competition for scarce gold
Tribal casino operators finally gained the right to offer the games they wished as the result of a
constitutional amendment passed by voters
In the 1870s, the development of agricultural water was hindered most by
contradictory water laws
Blacks in 1850s California
could potentially be placed into slavery through the federal fugitive slave law
Between 1769 and 1846, the Native population in California
declined dramatically
From 1848 to 1860, the average daily income for white miners
decreased dramatically
Government in California from January 1847 to late 1849 was characterized by all of the following, EXCEPT
democratic election of governors
Culture in California from 1850 to 1900 can BEST be characterized as
derivative
In August of 1846, José Castro
disbanded his army and fled south to Sonora
By 1991, California's state courts were
dominated by conservative judges
The Pacific Railway Act of 1864
doubled the land grant given to the railroad companies
This was the crucial factor for the substantial migration to southern California in the 1880s:
drastically reduced rail fares from the east
The main purpose of the Foregin Miners' Tax Law of 1850 was to
drive "foreigners" away from gold mining areas
Japanese immigrants to California
eventually moved into farming specialty crops
Jerry Brown
first won election as a member of a community college board
The Union Labor Praty
focused on the needs of workers
In the California of 400 years ago, ___________ were at the top of the food chain
grizzlies
Scholarship of recent decades indicate that California's Indians
had complex societies that were able to adapt to changing conditions
When it came to the Mussel Slough problem, the railroad leaders
had strong disagreements about the best course of action
Prior to World War II, California's aircraft industry
had to deal with high rates of obsolescence of its planes
The Vigilance Committee of 1856 in San Francisco
hanged two men without giving them a fair trial
All of the following statements are true about Earl Warren, EXCEPT
he began his political career as a Democrat
Goodwin Knight didn't run for reelection as governor in 1958 because
he had lost the support of important conservative Republicans
All of the following are true about Ronald Reagan's first term as governor, EXCEPT
he increased funding for mental health
Governor Victoria's rule ended when
he was confronted with a revolt in southern California
Coronel's experience with gold mining mirrored that of many other Californios in that he quit mining because
he was physically threatened by white miners
The Big Four created the Southern Pacific Company
in order to make it easier to manage their different holdings
In 1969, a major oil spill and subsequent environmental disaster occurred
in the Santa Barbara Channel
Controlled burns by Indians accomplished all of the following, EXCEPT
increased chaparral
During the energy crisis of the 1970s, California
increased efforts to develop alternative energy
Which of the following statements about agriculture in the 1920s is NOT true?
increased reliance on a few crops
The establishment of Fort Ross
indicates the weakness of Spain's control in California
Affirmative action
is no longer practiced by state and local agencies
All of the following is true of inter-tribal trade, EXCEPT
it increased the likelihood of warfare between tribelets
All of the following statements about Ku Klux Klan activity in 1920s California are true, EXCEPT
it opposed prohibition
President Roosevelt's Executive Order 9066
justified the internment of Japanese Americans
The Colorado River rebellion
left the Yuma in control of the Colorado River
During the 1910s, support for unions was hurt dramatically by
lethal bombings blamed on union supporters
In his description of Monterey Bay, Vizcaíno
lied in hopes of saving his career
By the end of the 1920s, Los Angeles blacks
lived in increasingly crowded neighborhoods
In the 1850s and 1860s, public schools were funded primarily by
local taxes
Dame Shirley describes miners constructing ditches to provide water to
long toms
In the 1890s, Samuel Huntington and the Southern Pacific Railroad
lost the fight over harbor location in southern California and lost the fight over the Funding Bill
Aimee Semple McPherson's sermons emphasized
love and hope
The Populists called for all of the following, EXCEPT
lower tariffs on agricultural imports
The majority of California's population growth in the 1940s and 1950s was due to
migration from other states
In 1880 the most important water pollution issue involved
mining debris
After the 1880s gun battle in Mussel Slough
most squatters settled with the railroad
In 1850, the United States Congress (ie the federal government) adopted a plan for California Indians that called for
moving them to remote areas
Redwood trees are found in the __________ of the state.
northwest
The World Renewal ceremony involved tribelets in this part of the state:
northwestern coast
Governor Culbert Olson did all of the following, EXCEPT
oppose internment of Japanese Americans during World War II
In response to the Depression, Aimee Semple McPherson
organized large efforts to help the poor
The price of wheat plummeted by 1890 primarily because of
overproduction
The most important source of the Mussel Slough conflict was the federal government's granting railroad companies
ownership of alternating sections of land along rail lines
The MOST important reason why Congress didn't pass a transcontinental railroad bill in the 1850s was
political wrangling
George Shima grew rich by planting
potatoes
Local historical societies are MOST likely to preserve items and records of
powerful elites
The Constitutional Revision Commission, created in 1962,
proposed measures to protect civil rights and liberties
The Collier-Burns Act of 1947 did all of the following, EXCEPT
provide most of the funds to build California's sections of interstate freeways
Prior to the Mussel Slough gun fight, the San Francisco Chronicle
provided strong support to the squatters
Goodwin Knight
pursued moderate policies while governor
The "Okie subculture" contained strong __________ elements
racist
When Edward A. Dickson and Chester H. Rowell went to Sacramento in 1907, they discovered that the Republican Party was MOST under the influence of
railroad interests
A popular vote to remove an elected official is called a(n)
recall
Aimee Semple McPherson's Foursquare Gospel included all of the following, EXCEPT
reconciling the Bible with science
The Beat Generation
rejected the accepted values of 1950s America
The major source of dissent among Japanese-American internees during World War II was over
requests for cooperation with, and loyalty to, the United States
Construction of the Hetch Hetchy reservoir
required the approval of Congress
The Exclusion Act of 1882
restricted immigration from China to the United States
In the many federal court cases involving Mussel Slough property, the courts
ruled in favor of the railroad
CalFed and the Delta Stewardship Council both planned to
send large amounts of Northern California water to Southern California
This was the MOST significant controversy at the 1849 constitutional convention
setting the boundaries of California
Harry Bridges was a union leader in this industry:
shipping and warehousing
Farmers and urban shippers were MOST unhappy with the Central/Southern Pacific Railroad because of its
shipping rates
This was the greatest impact of the Civil War on California:
shortage of supplies and disruption of commerce
During his second term as governor, Ronald Reagan succeeded in
signing air and water quality legislation
Efforts to promote improving the environmental quality of Lake Tahoe have been hampered MOST by
strong opposition from local developers
Ronald Reagan's political philosophy included all of these, EXCEPT
strong safety net
Upon first encountering Europeans, California Indians typically reacted with
suspicion
The Black Panther Party
symbolized active struggle against white authority
The Criminal Syndicalism Act of 1919
targeted adherents of any ideology that advocated violence
After World War II, American demanded for military hardware was fueled primarily by
the Cold War confrontation with the Soviet Union and its allies
Water to irrigate the Imperial Valley comes primarily from
the Colorado River
The compression of historical forces that quickly brought California from a larger area with a very small population to the thirty-first state was due primarily to
the Gold Rush
The Watts riot was suppressed primarily by
the National Guard
Much of the progressive economic program passed in California was earlier suggested by
the Populists
During the 1920s, California government was dominated by
the Republican Party
Most gold mining in California took place in
the Sierra Nevada
Locke's residents traced their roots primarily to
the Zhongshan district of China
Until recent times, the popular tradition of California history focused MOST on
the actions of powerful white males
The main factor that slowed the drain of neophytes away from Mission San José was
the actions of soldiers who captured fugitives
Franklin D. Roosevelt felt that economic relief for individuals hurt by the Depression was primarily the responsibility of
the federal government
Proposition 140 increased
the number of new people elected to the state legislature
John Steinbeck's The Grapes of Wrath focused on
the plight of migrant farm workers during the Depression
Proposition 30, supported by Jerry Brown in 2011, placed MOST of the burden of new taxes on
the top 1% of earners
Dame Shirley's San Francisco acquaintances had this attitude about her impending journey to a gold-mining town:
they were doubtful
During World War II, California women
took many industry jobs that had been done by men
Which of the following was NOT a typical characteristic of the early gold miners in California?
unskilled in any craft or profession
For organized labor in California, the 1920s
was a period of declining power
James K. Polk
was a strong supporter of Manifest Destiny
The Peripheral Canal
was defeated by a referendum
The incarceration of Japanese Americans during World War II
was eventually declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court
The Save San Francisco Bay Association
was eventually supported by most Bay Area Legislators
The Central Valley Project
was first a state project that became a federal project
Governor Manuel Micheltorena
was granted both executive and military powers
The trial of Abraham Ruef and his associates in the 1900s
was spear-headed by federal officials
The deregulation of energy utilities in 1996
was strongly supported by Governor Wilson
After 1870, most new railways in California
were acquired by the Big Four
Most hide-and-tallow traders who moved to California
were assimilated into the local elite
Californio's efforts to keep their land grants
were complicated by incomplete and vague records
Laws in California targeting the Industrial Workers of the World
were declared unconstitutional
According to Dame Shirley, most miners
were easily drawn away to other, potentially better mining areas
The "red scares" of the 1950s
were led by Joseph McCarthy
Reaction to the passage of the 1963 Rumford Fair Housing Law indicates that
white racism was still prevalent in California
Railroads gave the greatest benefits to those
who were already prosperous
The 1960s student movement focused LEAST on this tactic:
winning electoral office
Cultural innovation among Native Californian tribes was accomplished primarily by
women
In the 1870s, workers were MOST likely to blame which of the following for their economic troubles?
The Chinese
Which of the following statements BEST summarizes the aggregate experience of Indians who interacted with the institutions of Spanish California?
The Indians were only partly assimilated
Which of the following did NOT exacerbate the Depression in California?
The availability of good land for agriculture
What was the main cause of the demise of electric rail transit systems in Southern California?
The increased use of the automobile
By 1860, what new situation provided more impetus for creating a railroad across the Sierra?
The success of the Comstock Lode in Nevada
Which of the following statements about environmental impact reports is NOT true?
They are supported by big businesses who are happy to comply with them
Who was the American consul in California in 1846?
Thomas O. Larkin
Why did President Wilson send Secretary of State William Jennings Bryan to California in April 1913?
To argue against California Alien Land Act
Which California university was MOST important in the development of the atomic bomb?
UC Berkeley
Which two countries dominated the shipping of hides and tallow from California?
United States and Great Britain
Military Area A including all of part of the following states, EXCEPT
Utah
What happened during Estanislao's Rebellion that was a major stain on General Vallejo's career?
Vallejo and his soldiers committed atrocities against Native civilians.
The earliest California miners were MOST likely to use
a gold pan
William B. Ide went from the leader of the Bear Flag Revolt to being
a private in Frémont's California Battalion
The Watts riot began when
a white policeman stopped a young black man for drinking and speeding
From where did John Sutter get the cannons for his fot?
From Fort Ross
What was California's major industry between 1870 and 1900?
Fruit and specialty crops
At the end of the Seven Years' War, this country emerged as the biggest threat to Spanish interests in the Americas:
Great Britain
Which of the following statements about John C. Frémont is NOT true?
He never set foot in Oregon
What happened to Estanislao after the rebellion?
He returned to Mission San José and was pardoned
According to the textbook, why did Father Durán oppose the plan to close missions and free the Indians?
He thought the Indians would then reject Christianity and western culture
Why did Sam Brannan break the news in San Francisco of the discovery gold on the American River?
He wanted to sell merchandise to gold miners
Who won the governorship in 1910?
Hiram Johnson
In 1870, the population of southern California was predominantly
Hispanic
Which ethnic group saw the most dramatic increase in officials elected to major offices in the 1990s?
Hispanics
All of the following statements about Hispanics in California in the 25 years after World War II are true, EXCEPT
Hispanics achieved full civil rights, economic equality, and political representation in government
Aimee Semple McPherson's first husband died in
Hong Kong
Which of the following was NOT a trend of the oil industry in California in the 1920?
Inability to produce gasoline for automobiles
Which statement about Indians and the California miners is TRUE?
Indians did some mining for themselves, but were primarily used as labor by owners of large ranchos
