computer hardward CGS
4 basic functions of a computer are to:
-accept data input -process data into info -present output by displaying images, audios -provide storage
2 characteristics of an SSD
-extremely fast -no moving parts
characteristics of a traditional hard drive
-read/write head -stores data magnetically -platter
characteristics of a desktop computer
-use a full OS -allow for relatively easy upgrade and expansion -desktops are often used in offices since they don't need to be mobile
label & ordering big-> small 1.petabyte(PB) 2.Terabyte(TB) 3.Gigabyte(GB) 4.Megabyte(MB) 5.Kilobyte(KB) 0. exabyte(EB) A. 1,000 terabytes of data B. 1 TRILLIONBYTES C. 1 BILLIONBYTES D.1 MILLION BYTES OF DATA E. 1 THOUSAND BYTES F. 1 million
0.Exabyte(EB)-1 million 1.petabyte(PB)-1,000 terabytes of data 2.Terabyte(TB)-1 TRILLIONBYTES 3.Gigabyte(GB) 1 BILLIONBYTES 4.Megabyte(MB) - 1 MILLION BYTES OF DATA 5.Kilobyte(KB)- 1 THOUSAND BYTES KB(1K)->MB(1 mill)->GB(1bill)->TB(1 trill)->PB(1,000 terabytes) -> EB(1 mill)
Steps in the machine cycle
Fetch -> decode -> execute -> store
the port/connector combination that is used for nearly all high-definition TV or computer connections is ___
HDMI
what is this? -main form of computer memory -comprised of solid state electronics(fast,no moving parts) -located on microchips on the motherboard -refers to a variety of memory types -does not store data when computer is shutdown(volatile)
RAM(random access memory)
devices that integrate the computer case & system components into the monitor, but have an external keyboard and mouse are called ___computers
all in one
represented by a 0 or 1 a ___ is the smallest unit of data a computer can process
bit
a short-range wireless transmission protocol is known as ___
bluetooth
8 bits combined together equal one ___. Each number, special character and letter of the alphabet is represented as a byte
byte
Modern processors temp keep frequently accessed data in a ___. it contains frequently accessed data and much smaller than a computer's RAM
cache
what is this? a high speed storage area usually located directly on the CPU, smaller but faster than RAM. used quickly access repeated instructions
cache
a digital device that accepts input, processes data into information, stores data and provides output is a___
computer
a computer that is integrated into a larger device, such as a programmable thermostat is called ____ computer. It has a real-time operating system (RTOS)
embedded
The physical parts of the computer are called _______. monitor, keyboard, mouse, system unit
hardware
IPOS stand for
input processing output storage
steps in information processing cycle
input->process->output->store
while not designed to solve complex technical formula, a computer that is more powerful than a server computer, and used by organizations to process large numbers of transactions simultaneously to called a ___
mainframe
mainframes vs supercomputers
mainframes -often operated by businesses such as large banks/credit card companies -most powerful than a server, less powerful than a supercomputer -not designed to calculate huge formulas but able to manage thousands of transactions simultaneously supercomputers -most powerful type of computer -NASA uses them to determine gravitational fluctuations -owned by research universities and GOV'T
when a computer is shut down, the information in the memory(ram, caches, registers) is___
not saved
a type of interface that enables communication between digital devices allows for data transfer and for devices to be electronically charged is called universal __ bus
serial
characteristics of a tablet
tablet computer: -portable -smaller OS -touchscreen is primary output not a tablet computer: -includes a terabyte(TB) or more of storage -most allow you to upgrade to RAM
what do they all have in common? external hard drive (ssd storage device) ssd storage server bank
they're all storage
3 common types of servers
web server, file server, network server