computer hardward CGS

4 basic functions of a computer are to:

-accept data input -process data into info -present output by displaying images, audios -provide storage

2 characteristics of an SSD

-extremely fast -no moving parts

characteristics of a traditional hard drive

-read/write head -stores data magnetically -platter

characteristics of a desktop computer

-use a full OS -allow for relatively easy upgrade and expansion -desktops are often used in offices since they don't need to be mobile

label & ordering big-> small 1.petabyte(PB) 2.Terabyte(TB) 3.Gigabyte(GB) 4.Megabyte(MB) 5.Kilobyte(KB) 0. exabyte(EB) A. 1,000 terabytes of data B. 1 TRILLIONBYTES C. 1 BILLIONBYTES D.1 MILLION BYTES OF DATA E. 1 THOUSAND BYTES F. 1 million

0.Exabyte(EB)-1 million 1.petabyte(PB)-1,000 terabytes of data 2.Terabyte(TB)-1 TRILLIONBYTES 3.Gigabyte(GB) 1 BILLIONBYTES 4.Megabyte(MB) - 1 MILLION BYTES OF DATA 5.Kilobyte(KB)- 1 THOUSAND BYTES KB(1K)->MB(1 mill)->GB(1bill)->TB(1 trill)->PB(1,000 terabytes) -> EB(1 mill)

Steps in the machine cycle

Fetch -> decode -> execute -> store

the port/connector combination that is used for nearly all high-definition TV or computer connections is ___

HDMI

what is this? -main form of computer memory -comprised of solid state electronics(fast,no moving parts) -located on microchips on the motherboard -refers to a variety of memory types -does not store data when computer is shutdown(volatile)

RAM(random access memory)

devices that integrate the computer case & system components into the monitor, but have an external keyboard and mouse are called ___computers

all in one

represented by a 0 or 1 a ___ is the smallest unit of data a computer can process

bit

a short-range wireless transmission protocol is known as ___

bluetooth

8 bits combined together equal one ___. Each number, special character and letter of the alphabet is represented as a byte

byte

Modern processors temp keep frequently accessed data in a ___. it contains frequently accessed data and much smaller than a computer's RAM

cache

what is this? a high speed storage area usually located directly on the CPU, smaller but faster than RAM. used quickly access repeated instructions

cache

a digital device that accepts input, processes data into information, stores data and provides output is a___

computer

a computer that is integrated into a larger device, such as a programmable thermostat is called ____ computer. It has a real-time operating system (RTOS)

embedded

The physical parts of the computer are called _______. monitor, keyboard, mouse, system unit

hardware

IPOS stand for

input processing output storage

steps in information processing cycle

input->process->output->store

while not designed to solve complex technical formula, a computer that is more powerful than a server computer, and used by organizations to process large numbers of transactions simultaneously to called a ___

mainframe

mainframes vs supercomputers

mainframes -often operated by businesses such as large banks/credit card companies -most powerful than a server, less powerful than a supercomputer -not designed to calculate huge formulas but able to manage thousands of transactions simultaneously supercomputers -most powerful type of computer -NASA uses them to determine gravitational fluctuations -owned by research universities and GOV'T

when a computer is shut down, the information in the memory(ram, caches, registers) is___

not saved

a type of interface that enables communication between digital devices allows for data transfer and for devices to be electronically charged is called universal __ bus

serial

characteristics of a tablet

tablet computer: -portable -smaller OS -touchscreen is primary output not a tablet computer: -includes a terabyte(TB) or more of storage -most allow you to upgrade to RAM

what do they all have in common? external hard drive (ssd storage device) ssd storage server bank

they're all storage

3 common types of servers

web server, file server, network server