Concept 14
For both men and women, values over _________ are used to define overweight.
25
Consuming food whose energy content equals the energy expended by the body is called
Caloric balance
The current "gold standard" method for accurately assessing body composition is
DXA
True or false Excess fat in the lower body carries more health nisks than excess fat the upper body
False
Body fatness ranges that are between 10% and 20% for men and 128% for women are considered to be
In the healthy range
Which of the following statements are true regarding basal metabolic rate?
It increases on days when active people exercise, It can stay elevated for hours after a bout of vigorous physical activity, It is higher in people with more lean tissue and less body fat.
Which of the following statements about visceral fat are true
It is associated with high blood It can be reduced with regular activity . It is located in the abdominal cavity
Which of the following statements about childhood obesity are true?
It may cause the body to produce more fat cells. It is a good predictor of obesity in adulthood . It leads to a greater risk of developing diabetes or dying prematurely .
Which of the following statements are true of dual-energy absorptiometry, or DXA?
It measures whole body fatness as well as fat stored in specific parts of the body It can provide estimates of bone density
Resistance to what compound associated with altening appetite and metabolism , has been hypothesized to possible
Leptin
The clinical term for excessively high body fat is
Obesities
Which of the following statements about obesity are true?
Obesity impairs the function of most systems of the body. Obesity is better viewed from the standpoint of loss of quality of life instead of total years of life lost .
Which of the following statements about obesity trends in the population is accurate?
Obesity rates are higher for those without a college education
What indicator is used to reflect the overall fat content of the body?
Percent body fat
Which of the following statements about obesity levels in the United States is true?
They are very high, with an increasing percentage of people who are extremely obese.
For women, a body fat percentage below 10 percent is considered
Too low
True or false: High levels of body fat may not increase a person's disease risk if that person has good metabolic fitness
True
True or false: Individuals who are overweight or obese as children are more likely to be overweight or obese as adults
True
True or false: One estimate implicates obesity as the cause of 40 percent of all cancer diagnoses
True
True or false: The term epidemic is often used to describe the rapid increase in the obesity rate in the United States.
True
Metabolic health problems are most closely associated with
Visceral fat
The combined presence of eating disorderslow energy availability, amenorrheaand decreased bone mineral density is most likely to affect which of the following groups?
Women athletes
Absent infrequent menstruation sometimes caused by insufficient body fat is known as
amenorrhea
The most effective way to lose fat on a weight loss program is to
combine physical activity and diet
The cause of "creeping obesity" as people age is
decreases in activity and BMR
The minimum amount of fat necessary to maintain healthful living is known as
essential fat
Which of the following is most characteristic of bulimia?
food restriction to the point of emaciation
Which of the following athletes would be most likely to suffer from anorexia athletica?
gymnast
Disorders such as anorexia nervosa, bulimia, and binge eating disorder are most common in
highly achievement -oriented girls and young women
Fat in the upper body
is referred to as android fat and is more characteristic of men than women
Studies have shown that
it is possible for someone to be fit and overweight at the same time.
Which of the following are characteristic of someone with the female athlete triad?
low estrogen levels low body fat levels reduced bone density
Research suggests that obesity
may cut 8 to 10 years from life expectancy
susceptibility genes
may predispose a person to become obese
Monitoring weight daily
may prevent normal-weight people from gaining weight.
A person trying to reduce body fat
must have a caloric deficit of 3,500 calories to lose one pound of fat
In order to lose weight
people may need 200 to 300 minutes of activity per week
The most effective method of losing fat is
physical activity combined with dietary restriction
Physical Activity
provides protection against the health risks of a high BMI
Somatotype is a term that
refers to a person's body type
Bioelectric impedance analysis is based on measuring
resistance to current flow
A theoretical concept describing the way the body protects current weight and resists change is known as
set-point
The essential amount of body fat
should be no less than 5% for men and 10% for women
Which of the following is a method of assessing body composition through the use of air displacement?
the Bod Pod
To measure body composition, DXA uses
the attenuation of two energy sources
Decreased bone density, menstrual irregularities, and low energy are symptoms that define
the female athlete triad
For women a body percentage below 10 percent considered
too low
When measuring body composition , you should
understand that the values are estimates and not absolute indicators .
The decision to classify obesity as a disease
was due to strong evidence of genetic predisposition to obesity.
Energy expenditure in a rested state is referred to as
Basal metabolic rate
The largest component of total daily energy expenditure is the
Basal metabolic rate
Which of the following statements about Body Mass Index (BMI) is true?
BMI can sometimes be misleading, because muscle is denser than fat
Body Mass Index (BM) is a measure of
body composition
According to prevailing obesity research, the potential risk for obesity is influenced by
both genetics and the environment
Creeping obesity can be countered in which of the following ways?
by staying active and maintaining muscle mass Keeping BMR high through adequate physical activity by decreasing caloric intake at age 65 by 10 % of what was al age 25