Conditional Statements and Loops
For loop
Allows efficiently written loop that needs to execute a specific number of times
Loop
Allows repeated execution of group statements
Condition of for loop
Evaluated each time the loop iterates. The loop executes until the condition is false
Increment/Decrement of for loop
Executes after each iteration of the loop
Initialization of for loop
Expression executes only once during the beginning of the loop
if statement
It the expression evaluates as true, the block code inside the if statement is executed. If the expression is found to be false, the first set of code after the end of the if statement is executed. Uses comparison operator.
While loop
Repeatedly executes a target statement as long as a given condition is true. If the expression is tested and the result is false, the loop body is skipped and the first statement after the while loop is executed.
switch statement
Tests a variable for equality against a list of values. Each value is called a case, and the variable being switched is checked for each case. When a case is evaluated, a break statement can be used and the switch terminates. If no break appears, the flow control will continue and each case will be evaluated until a break is reached.
Loop Control Statements
The break statement terminates the loop and transfers execution to the statement immediately following the loop. The continue statement causes the loop to skip the remainder of its body and then immediately retests its condition prior to reiterating.
Do/while loop
Unlike while loop, is guaranteed to execute at least one time
default case
Used in switch statement. Can be used to perform a task when none of the cases are matched.
else statement
executes a statement if 'if' statement evaluates as flase
Nested if statement
if-else statement inside another if-else statement
else-if statemet
used to check multiple conditions, alternative to if-else statement
Logical Operators
used to combine multiple conditions && --> and || --> or ! --> not
