Conducting Risk Assessment

What are the duties of persons at work?

(1) No person at work shall wilfully or recklessly interfere with or misuse any appliance, protective clothing, convenience, equipment .... provided for the safety, health & welfare of persons at work. (2) Any person at work who, without reasonable cause, wilfully or recklessly does any act which endangers the safety or health of himself or others shall be guilty of an offence. (2A) Any person at work who, without reasonable cause, does any negligent act which endangers the safety or health of himself or others shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable upon conviction to a fine <= $30,000 or imprisonment <= 2 years or both.

What is the 4 Roles of Employee?

1 Adhere to safe working procedures and principles introduced at the workplace 2 Always use personal protective equipment (PPE) provided at work properly 3 Must not endanger yourself or others working around you through unsafe behaviour 4 Must not tamper with any safety device or undertake any willful or reckless acts

What are the 5 areas that the Principal covers?

1 Conduct risk assessments to remove or control risks to workers at the workplace 2 Develop and put into practice, control measures for dealing with emergencies 3 Provide workers with adequate instruction, information, training and supervision 4 Maintain a safe work facilities and arrangements for the workers at work 5 Ensure safety in machinery, equipment, plant, articles, substances and work processes at the workplace

The role of an Occupier as far as possible, ensure a safe and without risks to the health of any person within premises. What areas does it include?

1 The workplace 2 All entrances to or exits from the workplace 3 Any machinery, equipment, plant, article or substance kept on the workplace 4 The occupier is also responsible for the common areas used by employees and contractors.

When must WSH risk assessment must be reviewed?

1 at least once in every 3 years 2 upon the occurrence of any bodily injury to any person as a result of exposure to a hazard in the workplace where there is a significant change in work practices or procedures. 3 where there is a significant change in work practices or procedures.

When to identify the additional control measures?

Additional control measures shall be identified when: Risk level (Section 2d) is identified as high risk after implementation of existing control measures; Improvements can be made to further reduce the risk. ====== Besides the control measures mentioned earlier for each hazard, Safe Work Procedures (administrative control) shall be established and maintained for all works including: Routine work: normal daily operation of machines. Non-routine work (Ad-hoc work): maintenance. Safe Work Procedures shall be established when other control measures cannot reduce the hazards to a practical level. Examples are as follows: Hot work. Painting. Manual handling. Driving safety.

What are the WSH (Risk Management) Regulations?

All workplaces must conduct workplace safety & health risk assessment; and Inform any person in the workplace who may be exposed to a risk to his safety and health of: the nature of the risk involved any measure or safe work procedure implemented

What are the Penalties for failing to meet requirements of this Regulations?

Any employer, self-employed person or principal who contravenes this regulation shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable to: - 1st offence: fine not exceeding $10,000 - 2nd or subsequent offence: fine <= $20,000 or to imprisonment for a term <= 6 months or both.

How to ensure effective closeout of action items?

Assign Responsible person and timeframe for each identified additional control to ensure effective closeout of action items.

What are some forklift hazards risk control measures?

Driver to be properly trained. Do not overload. Ensure clearance in the plant. Control driving speed. Do not leave the key in the forklift;. Lower the fork when no load. Ensure no vision blockage.

What are electrical hazards?

Electrical tools. Broken plugs. Electrical wires Instruments.

What are the key steps involved to start risk assessment?

Establish a risk assessment team. 1 Identify all the hazards. And Identify all existing control measures. 2 Evaluating the risk levels. 3 Evaluate whether additional control measures are required.

Who does risk assessment?

Establishing the risk assessment team. Identifying all the hazards. Identifying all the existing control measures. Evaluating the risk levels. Evaluating whether additional control measures are required.

What are some metal risk control measures?

Fixed guard for aircond. or Have Material handling device to remove stamping metal pieces. Machine guard. Two hand control buttons. Sensor system, fail safe button.

What are some noise risk control measures?

For Noise. Equipment design with lower noise level (engineering control). Use noise wall or other proper containment/Isolation (engineering control). Use proper hearing protection equipment (noise reduction rating) . (PPE)

What are some electrical hazards risk control measures?

For electrical hazards. Proper Lockout and Tagout (LOTO) System (administration control). Inspection of electrical tools before use by qualified persons (administration control). Permit to Work (PTW) System (administration control).

What are the recommended actions for evaluation that is High Risk and Not acceptable?

High Risk and Not acceptable. High Risk level must be reduced to at least Medium Risk before work commences. There should not be any interim risk control measures and risk control measures should not be overly dependent on personal protective equipment or appliances. If need be, the hazard should be eliminated before work commences. Immediate management intervention is required before work commences.

What are the recommended actions for evaluation that is low risk and acceptable?

Low risk and Acceptable. No additional risk control measures may be needed. Frequent review may be needed.

What are the risk control for mechanical hazards?

Machine guarding (engineering control) Using material handling devices (engineering control) Two-hand control system (engineering control) Sensor control system (engineering control)

What are the recommended actions for evaluation that is Medium risk and moderately acceptable?

Medium risk and moderately acceptable. Risk level is reduced to as low as is practicable within a defined time period. Interim risk control measures, such as administrative controls, may be implemented. Management attention is required

What are generated noise hazards?

Metal shearing. Material /product handling. Equipment.

What are the 4 key roles to meet the duties of the WSH ACt?

Occupier Employer Principal Employee

What are the 4 key roles to meet the duties of the WSH ACt? Explain each role.

Occupier - Person who has control of the premises regardless of whether he is the owner of those premises Employer Person who employs another person to perform work under a contract of service. Principal - Peron who engages another person or organisation to supply labour or perform work under some arrangement other than a contract of service. Employee - Any person at work

Name hazards due to forklift driving.

Overloading; Improper use of forklift; Over speeding; Inadequate maintenance; Untrained operator.

Who should rate, in the assessment of severity (S) and likelihood (L) of possible injury or ill-health?

RA Team

What are some ergonomic hazards?

Repetitive activity. Manual handling of heavy items. Improper posture. Material loading.

What is Risk Assessment in Risk Management processs?

Risk Assessment or RA is an integral part of all organisational work processes, from strategic planning to project and change management.

What does RPN stand for? And what is the formula to obtain RPN?

Risk Prioritization Number (RPN) RPN = Severity (S) x Likelihood (L)

When must risk assessment be done and recorded?

Risk assessment must be done wherever: New information on safety and health risks surface. There are changes to the area of work or process. There are accidents or serious incidents. After a fixed period of time (Max. 3 years). Revised risk assessment must be communicated to relevant parties.

What is the process of "Risk Evaluation"?

Risk evaluation is the process: - To estimate the risk levels of the identified hazards - To decide if the risk acceptable / tolerable.

What are the hierarchy of risk controls?

Risk level must be reduced to medium at least before the start of work. Additional controls shall be implemented residual risk level is high. The hierarchy of controls are: Elimination, shutdown of a process or unit. Substitution. use water-based paint or adhesive, use less toxic chemicals. Engineering control. use of guarding, sound absorbtion wall, designed in compliance with relevant cod of practice. Adminstrative control. SOPs, Work instructions, operate in compliance with relevant code of practice. PPE. respirators, gloves, safety shoes.

What are mechanical hazards?

Rotating, reciprocating, transverse actions; Cutting, severing services; In-running nip points.

What are the chemical hazards?

Solvents in paints. Acids and alkalis. Adhesives. Dermatitis due to exposure to chemicals.

What are the 3 steps for hazard identification?

Step 1: Breakdown of activities (1b) Step 2: Identify the hazards of each step (1c) Step 3: Identify the consequence(s) of each hazard (1d)

Who are in the risk assessment team?

Team Leader. Management Staff. Process/Facility Engineer. Technical Personnel. Supervisors. Production Operators. Maintenance Staff. Safety Manager/Executive.

What is the Role of the Principal?

The Principal must, as far as reasonably practicable, protect the safety & health of your employees or workers working under his direct control and all who may be affected by their work.

How to ensure the effectiveness of risk control measures?

The effectiveness of risk control measures can be evaluated by: Conducting safety inspection or audit on the facility. Obtaining feedback from employees about the measures implemented. Review of statistical data such as accident / incident rate, fatality rate, number of hospitalization, plant downtime. Feedback from training assessment / examination.

What are the broad categories of hazards in metalworking industry?

The following categories of hazards should be considered: physical (e.g., fire, noise, ergonomics, heat, radiation) mechanical (e.g., moving parts, rotating parts) electrical (e.g., voltage, current, static charge, magnetic fields) chemical (e.g., flammables, toxics, corrosives, reactive materials) biological (e.g., blood-borne pathogens, virus) psychosocial (e.g., stress, fatigue)

What are some Ergonomic hazards risk control measures?

Use leg for lifting, rather than waist. Correctly position your feet. Use equipment to aid manual handling.

What are some chemical hazards risk control measures?

Use less toxic chemicals (substitution). Replace with water-based chemicals (substitution). Use Local Exhaust Ventilation (LEV) system (engineering control). Use Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for instructions. Use proper PPE. Regular hygiene monitoring Use of Secondary Containment Use of Spill Control Materials

The role of an Occupier as far as possible, ensure a safe and without risks to the health of any person within premises. Does it include a person who is not it's employee?

YES

In Risk Evaluation, what are the acronyms "S" and "L"?

severity (S) and likelihood (L)

What is the intent of Risk Assessment?

• To assess risk to safety and health of any persons who may be affected by an undertaking. (WSH Act covers all workplaces.) • To identify hazards and risk of injuries/accidents. - Hazard → Risk → Injuries/Accidents • Provide Measures to eliminate or control the hazards and reducing the risks are implemented. • To meet the general duties of the WSH Act. - Employers, Principals, Self-employed persons