conservation biology exam 1

taxonomic-evolutionary perspective of diversity

# of species w/i a taxonomic group

ecological-geographic perspective of diversity

# of species w/i an ecosystem or geographic area

canada goose

7-sub species, the giant canada goose was thought to be extinct but recovered very well due to both parents raising young

stewards of conservation ideas

John muir (preservationist ethic) Gifford Pinchot (first director of forest service, resource conservation ethic), Aldo Leopold and the evolutionary and ecological land ethic

5 kingdoms

Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia

Andrea Travnicek

NDSU graduate recently named Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary of the Interior

Henry Bolley

one of 4 initial faculty hired in 1890 for the newly established ND Ag. College as its professor of botany and zoology

ways to consider species diversity

alpha, beta, gamma

bald eagle

appear to look like turkey vulture

3 domain classifaction

archaea, bacteria, eukarya

biodiversity

biological diversity/natural diversity. includes genetic diversity, species diversity, and ecosystem diversity

Anna Sher

co-author of textbook, Intro To Conservation Bio

animal behaviors

daily timing, sleep, foraging, caching, territoriality, migration, refuging

derivative roots of conservation biology

deep roots with human spiritual connections to nature; biophilia, topophilia, and transcendentalism, past and ongoing concerns about human-caused biological and natural resource losses

alpha diversity

diversity within an ecosystem

Orin A. Stevens

earlier expert on ND's plant diversity, as well as hymenopteran (wasps and bees) diversity

Aldo Leopold

forester, wildlife biologist, author of A sand county almanac, ecological-evolutionary land ethic

Society for Conservation

founded in 1985, founded due to the increased concerns for maintaining biodiversity

misteltoe

hemiparasitic (can undergo photosynthesis vstill)

conservation biology

integrated multidisciplinary field with 3 goals: documentation of the Earth's biodiversity, investigation of human impacts, develop practices to maintain biodiversity

animalia kingdom

invertebrates, vertebrates, monotremes (egg laying mammals), birds, amphibians, reptiles, chiroptera (bats), lgomorpha (hares), even toed ungulates, odd toed ungulates, carnivores, primates

cottontail rabbits

likely found in urban areas and exhibit altricial development

prairie fringed orchids

listed as a threatened species, small scattered pop. in low moist prairies of iowa, MN, ND, needs specialized pollinators (hawkmoths), ongoing concerns include loss of prairie habitat

Rachel Carson

marine biologist, former chief editor for USFWS, author of a trilogy about seas and a later widely read book about pesticide misuse

bur oaks and acorns

masting is occurring this year, there are some hypotheses about masting such as pollination, winters, energy expenditures. are important to squirrels, turkeys, smaller rodents, woodducks, deer

how to define species

morphology, evolutionary, biologically

rough grouse

native to ND, males drum to impress females, amazing fliers

black-footed ferrets

newly housed at red river zoo, are an endangered species (were considered extinct at one point), native to western grasslands, nocturnal predator of black-tailed praries dogs,

species richness

number of species

jackrabbits

often appear in grasslands and demonstrate precocial development

ways conservation biology is similar to health sciences

preventive and maintenance procedures, diagnostic procedures, therapeutic procedures, restorative/regenerative measures

what do cooper's hawks, merlins and peregrine falcons eat? where are they found?

prey on birds and found in the local metro area

species evenness

proportions of individuals or biomass among the species present

beta diversity

rate of change of species composition between 2 or more ecosystems

monarch butterflies

recently declining in north american populations, under status assessment by USFWS, specialized feeding on milkweed, milkweed helps protect later on in life, have multiple generations over 12 month period

biocomplexity

referring to the functional relationships characteristic of viable ecosystems

plantae kingdom

seedless plants, gymnosperms (naked seeds), angiosperms (flowering)

red squirrels

small, feisty, noisy arboreal rodents

gamma diversity

species richness for a large geographic region encompassing multiple types of ecosystems

foraging behavior

the accumulation of foods by animals, involving storing, territory

ethical principles of conservation

there is an intrinsic value of biodiversity, prevention of untimely extinctions, preservation of genetic diversity and ecological complexities; central role of science, necessary collaboration among scientists, managers and policy makers

John Muir

traveled widely in natural areas and founder of the sierra club, advocate of the preservation ethic

species that came back after near extinction

trumpeter swans, sandfoot cranes, bison

errors with taxonomy

unequal knowledge of groups and areas, simultaneous species discoveries and extinctions

crepusucular daily timing

up at dawn or dusk

diurnal daily timing

up at daytime

nocturnal daily timing

up at night

Gifford Pinchot

utilitarian resource conservation ethic, first head of the US Forest Service

dodder

yellow, lacks chlorophyll, completely parasitic