conservation biology exam 1
taxonomic-evolutionary perspective of diversity
# of species w/i a taxonomic group
ecological-geographic perspective of diversity
# of species w/i an ecosystem or geographic area
canada goose
7-sub species, the giant canada goose was thought to be extinct but recovered very well due to both parents raising young
stewards of conservation ideas
John muir (preservationist ethic) Gifford Pinchot (first director of forest service, resource conservation ethic), Aldo Leopold and the evolutionary and ecological land ethic
5 kingdoms
Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia
Andrea Travnicek
NDSU graduate recently named Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary of the Interior
Henry Bolley
one of 4 initial faculty hired in 1890 for the newly established ND Ag. College as its professor of botany and zoology
ways to consider species diversity
alpha, beta, gamma
bald eagle
appear to look like turkey vulture
3 domain classifaction
archaea, bacteria, eukarya
biodiversity
biological diversity/natural diversity. includes genetic diversity, species diversity, and ecosystem diversity
Anna Sher
co-author of textbook, Intro To Conservation Bio
animal behaviors
daily timing, sleep, foraging, caching, territoriality, migration, refuging
derivative roots of conservation biology
deep roots with human spiritual connections to nature; biophilia, topophilia, and transcendentalism, past and ongoing concerns about human-caused biological and natural resource losses
alpha diversity
diversity within an ecosystem
Orin A. Stevens
earlier expert on ND's plant diversity, as well as hymenopteran (wasps and bees) diversity
Aldo Leopold
forester, wildlife biologist, author of A sand county almanac, ecological-evolutionary land ethic
Society for Conservation
founded in 1985, founded due to the increased concerns for maintaining biodiversity
misteltoe
hemiparasitic (can undergo photosynthesis vstill)
conservation biology
integrated multidisciplinary field with 3 goals: documentation of the Earth's biodiversity, investigation of human impacts, develop practices to maintain biodiversity
animalia kingdom
invertebrates, vertebrates, monotremes (egg laying mammals), birds, amphibians, reptiles, chiroptera (bats), lgomorpha (hares), even toed ungulates, odd toed ungulates, carnivores, primates
cottontail rabbits
likely found in urban areas and exhibit altricial development
prairie fringed orchids
listed as a threatened species, small scattered pop. in low moist prairies of iowa, MN, ND, needs specialized pollinators (hawkmoths), ongoing concerns include loss of prairie habitat
Rachel Carson
marine biologist, former chief editor for USFWS, author of a trilogy about seas and a later widely read book about pesticide misuse
bur oaks and acorns
masting is occurring this year, there are some hypotheses about masting such as pollination, winters, energy expenditures. are important to squirrels, turkeys, smaller rodents, woodducks, deer
how to define species
morphology, evolutionary, biologically
rough grouse
native to ND, males drum to impress females, amazing fliers
black-footed ferrets
newly housed at red river zoo, are an endangered species (were considered extinct at one point), native to western grasslands, nocturnal predator of black-tailed praries dogs,
species richness
number of species
jackrabbits
often appear in grasslands and demonstrate precocial development
ways conservation biology is similar to health sciences
preventive and maintenance procedures, diagnostic procedures, therapeutic procedures, restorative/regenerative measures
what do cooper's hawks, merlins and peregrine falcons eat? where are they found?
prey on birds and found in the local metro area
species evenness
proportions of individuals or biomass among the species present
beta diversity
rate of change of species composition between 2 or more ecosystems
monarch butterflies
recently declining in north american populations, under status assessment by USFWS, specialized feeding on milkweed, milkweed helps protect later on in life, have multiple generations over 12 month period
biocomplexity
referring to the functional relationships characteristic of viable ecosystems
plantae kingdom
seedless plants, gymnosperms (naked seeds), angiosperms (flowering)
red squirrels
small, feisty, noisy arboreal rodents
gamma diversity
species richness for a large geographic region encompassing multiple types of ecosystems
foraging behavior
the accumulation of foods by animals, involving storing, territory
ethical principles of conservation
there is an intrinsic value of biodiversity, prevention of untimely extinctions, preservation of genetic diversity and ecological complexities; central role of science, necessary collaboration among scientists, managers and policy makers
John Muir
traveled widely in natural areas and founder of the sierra club, advocate of the preservation ethic
species that came back after near extinction
trumpeter swans, sandfoot cranes, bison
errors with taxonomy
unequal knowledge of groups and areas, simultaneous species discoveries and extinctions
crepusucular daily timing
up at dawn or dusk
diurnal daily timing
up at daytime
nocturnal daily timing
up at night
Gifford Pinchot
utilitarian resource conservation ethic, first head of the US Forest Service
dodder
yellow, lacks chlorophyll, completely parasitic