Consumer Behavior Test 1

False

(T/F) A want is the particular form of consumption used to restore homeostasis

Fales

(T/F) An individual with the personality trait of extroversion tends to be quiet and reserved

True

(T/F) Conditioning effects are more likely to occur after the conditioned and unconditioned stimuli have been paired a number of times

False

(T/F) Perception refers to the immediate response of our sensory receptors to basic stimuli

True

(T/F) Personality refers to a person's unique psychological makeup and how it consistently influences the way a person responds to his or her environment

True

(T/F) Punishment is one way that instrumental conditioning occurs

True

(T/F) Self-esteem refers to the positivity of person's self-concept

False

(T/F) Sensory marketing has proven to be largely ineffective as a marketing approach

True

(T/F) Social comparison is basic human tendency

False

(T/F) The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) regulates telephone, radio, and TV

True

(T/F) The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) policies advertising claims related to contents of edible products and pharmaceuticals

True

(T/F) The degree to which a person is willing to expend energy to reach one goal as opposed to another reflects his or her underlying motivation to attain the goal

Need

A ________ creates a state of tension that drives consumers to attempt to reduce or eliminate

Megacity

A metropolitan area with a total population for more than 10 million people is called a(n)

Ideal Self

A person's conception of how he/she would like to be is called ______.

Family structure

A person's marital status is important to which demographic variable?

Role theory, self-concept, nostalgic attachment, interdependence love

A relationship a person might have with a product is called_______

Focus group

A small group of consumers that come into a facility to try new products while being observed is called_________

exposure, attention, interpretation

A stage in a perception process is _____________

Limited, cued, strategic

A stage in the cognitive development process is __________

Cause marketing

A strategy that aligns a company brand which a cause to generate business and societal benefits is called _______

Consumer

A(n) ________ is a person who identifies a need or desire, makes a purchase and then disposes of a product

Symbol

A(n) _________ is a sign that relates to a product by either conventional or agreed- on associations

Lifestyles

AIO surveys help measure________

Id

According to Freud, the part of the personality that seeks immediate gratification is called__________

Physiological

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, the lowest order (e.g., most basic) of needs is_________

One must first satisfy basic needs before moving higher order needs

According to information presented in the chapter, the implication of Maslow's hierarchy of needs is that_________

believers

According to the VAL system, consumers that have strong principles and favor brands are considered ____________

Encoding

According to the information process-approach to study the memory process, in the _________ stage, information enters in a way the system will recognize it

Conditioned, unconditioned

Classical conditioning takes place when a(n) _________ is continuously matched with a(n)________

Inertia

Consumption at the extreme low end of the involvement continuum is characterized by __________when decisions are made out of habit

Telescoping

Erika, an analyst for a marketing research firm, has been tasked with observing and probing patient behaviors at a small Midwestern clinic. In her study, she noticed that many patients tended to underestimate the time since their last dr visit. What type of memory lapse did Erika more likely observe?

Social Media

Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram are examples of _______

Affiliation

If a consumer were to pursue products and services that seemed to alleviate loneliness, such as playing team sports, going to a bar, and/or shopping in busy malls, the consumer would be expressing a need for______________

Sex-typed

If products take on masculine or feminine attributes, they are said to be___________

Recognition

In a typical ____________ test, subjects are shown ads one at a time and ask if they have seen them before

"rent" well- known names

Licensing occurs when a company_________

Product Personalization

M&M allows consumers to put names and works on their candy, this is an example of _________

Physical, mental, economic or social barriers

Market access can be limited due to_________

Define target markets

Marketers use results from AIO surveys to___________

interference

Memories of products are often replaced (forgotten) as we learn additional information. This displacement of information called__________

Affect

Motivation that is driven by raw emotion is called _____________

Depth Interviews

Motivational research relies on ___________ of individual consumers

Incidental learning

Much learning takes effort and time, but some learning is so casual as to be unintentional. This type of learning is referred to as __________ learning

Popular culture

Music, movies, sports, and books are part of _______

Youth

People across all cultures appear to favor physical features that are associated with____________

Income, social standing, music, clothing, leisure, activities, and art

People, who belong to the same social class are most likely to have which of the following in common?

Multitasking

Processing information from more than one medium at a time is known as ___________

Cult products

Products that command fierce loyalty, devotion, and even worship by consumers are called_________

Personality, lifestyle, choices (Marketing segment)

Psychographics are used to measure ______

Red

Research has indicated that is color _________ creates feelings of arousal and stimulates appetite

Business ethics

Rules of conduct that guide actions in the marketplace are called ________

Phishing

Scams, where people receive fraudulent emails that ask them to supply accounts information, are called _________

Shoppers who buy an outfit, wear it once and return it

Serial wardrobers are people who __________

Heavy users

The 80/20 rule targets what user group?

Carl Jung

The Myers-Briggs type indicator is based on the work of ____________

Brand Personalities

The Pillsbury Doughboy and the Jolly Green Giant are examples of __________

Actual self

The ________ refers to our more realistic appraisal of the qualities we have and dont have

Positioning Strategy

The _________ for a brand guides how a company uses elements of the marketing mix to influence the consumer's interpretation of the brand's meaning in the marketplace relative to its competitor

Sensory overload

The average adult is exposed to about 3,500 pieces of advertising information every single day, far more information than they can or are willing or process. Consumers who are exposed to more information than they can process are in a state of ______________

Materialism

The important people attach to worldly possession is called _______

Just noticeable difference

The minimum difference that can be detected between two stimuli is known as the _________

Perception

The process by which people select, organize, and interpret sensations is called ________

Food, clothing, travel

The process of curation refers to what product(s)?

Consumer addition

The term "Crackberry" is used to refer to the _________ die-hard users may feel towards the Blackberry

Impression Management

Through the process of _____, people try to "manage" what others think of them by strategically choosing advertise for a branded product.clothing and other products that will convey a positive image.

Personal and Cultural Factors

Wants are a combination of __________

Trait Theory

What theory of personality suggests that one person differs from another because of a number of different characteristics such as introversion or extroversion?

Subliminal perception

When Coca-Cola embeds sexual images in their advertising, they are using __________

Mass Customization

When M&M's put consumers' names and faces on their candy, this is an example of__________

Motivation

When a need is aroused that the consumer wishes to satisfy, the __________ process has been activated

Interdependence

When a product is part of a user's daily routine that user is said to have a(n) _______ type of relationship with the product

Private response

When consumers are unhappy with a product, they boycott the product and/or store and express dissatisfaction to friends. This is called _________ response

80/20

When marketers define consumer by products usage they use the _________ rule

Reality principle

When the ego tries to balance opposing forces, it uses the ___________

Age, gender, family structure, social class/ income, race/ ethnicity, geography, lifestyle

Which of the following is NOT considered a demographic?

1. Individual Level 2. Family Level 3. Community Level 4. Group Level

Which of the following is a level of a person extended self?

Repetitive and often excessive shopping performed as a antidote to tension, anxiety, depression, or boredom

Which of the following is associated with compulsive consumption?

Per purchase, purchase, post purchase

Which of the following time periods is encompassed in the study of consumer behavior?

Social marketing

Which term refers to marketing techniques that are used to encourage positive behavior such as literacy or discourage negative behaviors like drunk driving?

Brand Loyalty

Which term refers to the bond between product and consumer that is difficult to competitors to break?

Subliminal perception

Which term refers to the perception that is below the level of consumer's awareness?

Behavioral

Which theory listed below assumes that learning takes place as the result of responses to external events?

Desire for new function, change in the environment, change in person's role

Why do all consumers sometimes replace a product that is still functioning?

Self-Concept

_____ summarizes the beliefs a person holds about his own attributes and how he/she evaluates their self on those qualities.

Demographics

_______ are statistics that measure observable aspects of population

Spectacle

_______ performances are where the message itself is a form of entertainment

Self-esteem

_______ refers to the positivity of a person's self-concept

Self-fulfilling prophecy

_________ is the way we assume others expect us to act

Motivation

_________ refer(s) to the processes that lead people to behave as they do

Psychographics

__________ are the use of psychological, sociological, and anthropological factors to determine how the market is segmented by the propensity of groups within the market (and their reasons) to make a particular decision about a product, person, ideology, or otherwise hold an attitude or use a medium

Semiotics

__________ is a discipline that studies the correspondence between signs and symbols and their meaning

observational

__________ learning occurs when a individual watches the actions of others and note the reinforcements they receive for their behaviors

Sensory

__________ memory permits the temporary storage for information we receive for our senses

Body image

__________ refers to a consume's subjective evaluation of his or her physcial self

Androgyny

__________ refers to the possession of both masculine and feminine traits

The theory of cognitive dissonance

___________ is based on the premise that people have a need for order and consistency in their lives and that a state of tension is created when beliefs or behaviors conflict with one another

Identity Marketing

___________ is the promotional strategy that involves select consumers altering some aspects of their selves to advertise for a branded procut

Getalt

___________ perspective is the best summarized by saving "The whole is greater than the sum of its parts"

Personality

___________ refers to a person's unique psychological makeup and how it consistently influences the way a person responds to his/her environment

Halo effect

____________ refers to the tendency people have to react to stimuli similar to an original stimulus in a classical conditioning situation in much the same way they responded to the original stimulus

Interpretation

______________ refers to the meanings we assign to sensory stimuil