Consumer Behavior Test 1
False
(T/F) A want is the particular form of consumption used to restore homeostasis
Fales
(T/F) An individual with the personality trait of extroversion tends to be quiet and reserved
True
(T/F) Conditioning effects are more likely to occur after the conditioned and unconditioned stimuli have been paired a number of times
False
(T/F) Perception refers to the immediate response of our sensory receptors to basic stimuli
True
(T/F) Personality refers to a person's unique psychological makeup and how it consistently influences the way a person responds to his or her environment
True
(T/F) Punishment is one way that instrumental conditioning occurs
True
(T/F) Self-esteem refers to the positivity of person's self-concept
False
(T/F) Sensory marketing has proven to be largely ineffective as a marketing approach
True
(T/F) Social comparison is basic human tendency
False
(T/F) The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) regulates telephone, radio, and TV
True
(T/F) The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) policies advertising claims related to contents of edible products and pharmaceuticals
True
(T/F) The degree to which a person is willing to expend energy to reach one goal as opposed to another reflects his or her underlying motivation to attain the goal
Need
A ________ creates a state of tension that drives consumers to attempt to reduce or eliminate
Megacity
A metropolitan area with a total population for more than 10 million people is called a(n)
Ideal Self
A person's conception of how he/she would like to be is called ______.
Family structure
A person's marital status is important to which demographic variable?
Role theory, self-concept, nostalgic attachment, interdependence love
A relationship a person might have with a product is called_______
Focus group
A small group of consumers that come into a facility to try new products while being observed is called_________
exposure, attention, interpretation
A stage in a perception process is _____________
Limited, cued, strategic
A stage in the cognitive development process is __________
Cause marketing
A strategy that aligns a company brand which a cause to generate business and societal benefits is called _______
Consumer
A(n) ________ is a person who identifies a need or desire, makes a purchase and then disposes of a product
Symbol
A(n) _________ is a sign that relates to a product by either conventional or agreed- on associations
Lifestyles
AIO surveys help measure________
Id
According to Freud, the part of the personality that seeks immediate gratification is called__________
Physiological
According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, the lowest order (e.g., most basic) of needs is_________
One must first satisfy basic needs before moving higher order needs
According to information presented in the chapter, the implication of Maslow's hierarchy of needs is that_________
believers
According to the VAL system, consumers that have strong principles and favor brands are considered ____________
Encoding
According to the information process-approach to study the memory process, in the _________ stage, information enters in a way the system will recognize it
Conditioned, unconditioned
Classical conditioning takes place when a(n) _________ is continuously matched with a(n)________
Inertia
Consumption at the extreme low end of the involvement continuum is characterized by __________when decisions are made out of habit
Telescoping
Erika, an analyst for a marketing research firm, has been tasked with observing and probing patient behaviors at a small Midwestern clinic. In her study, she noticed that many patients tended to underestimate the time since their last dr visit. What type of memory lapse did Erika more likely observe?
Social Media
Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram are examples of _______
Affiliation
If a consumer were to pursue products and services that seemed to alleviate loneliness, such as playing team sports, going to a bar, and/or shopping in busy malls, the consumer would be expressing a need for______________
Sex-typed
If products take on masculine or feminine attributes, they are said to be___________
Recognition
In a typical ____________ test, subjects are shown ads one at a time and ask if they have seen them before
"rent" well- known names
Licensing occurs when a company_________
Product Personalization
M&M allows consumers to put names and works on their candy, this is an example of _________
Physical, mental, economic or social barriers
Market access can be limited due to_________
Define target markets
Marketers use results from AIO surveys to___________
interference
Memories of products are often replaced (forgotten) as we learn additional information. This displacement of information called__________
Affect
Motivation that is driven by raw emotion is called _____________
Depth Interviews
Motivational research relies on ___________ of individual consumers
Incidental learning
Much learning takes effort and time, but some learning is so casual as to be unintentional. This type of learning is referred to as __________ learning
Popular culture
Music, movies, sports, and books are part of _______
Youth
People across all cultures appear to favor physical features that are associated with____________
Income, social standing, music, clothing, leisure, activities, and art
People, who belong to the same social class are most likely to have which of the following in common?
Multitasking
Processing information from more than one medium at a time is known as ___________
Cult products
Products that command fierce loyalty, devotion, and even worship by consumers are called_________
Personality, lifestyle, choices (Marketing segment)
Psychographics are used to measure ______
Red
Research has indicated that is color _________ creates feelings of arousal and stimulates appetite
Business ethics
Rules of conduct that guide actions in the marketplace are called ________
Phishing
Scams, where people receive fraudulent emails that ask them to supply accounts information, are called _________
Shoppers who buy an outfit, wear it once and return it
Serial wardrobers are people who __________
Heavy users
The 80/20 rule targets what user group?
Carl Jung
The Myers-Briggs type indicator is based on the work of ____________
Brand Personalities
The Pillsbury Doughboy and the Jolly Green Giant are examples of __________
Actual self
The ________ refers to our more realistic appraisal of the qualities we have and dont have
Positioning Strategy
The _________ for a brand guides how a company uses elements of the marketing mix to influence the consumer's interpretation of the brand's meaning in the marketplace relative to its competitor
Sensory overload
The average adult is exposed to about 3,500 pieces of advertising information every single day, far more information than they can or are willing or process. Consumers who are exposed to more information than they can process are in a state of ______________
Materialism
The important people attach to worldly possession is called _______
Just noticeable difference
The minimum difference that can be detected between two stimuli is known as the _________
Perception
The process by which people select, organize, and interpret sensations is called ________
Food, clothing, travel
The process of curation refers to what product(s)?
Consumer addition
The term "Crackberry" is used to refer to the _________ die-hard users may feel towards the Blackberry
Impression Management
Through the process of _____, people try to "manage" what others think of them by strategically choosing advertise for a branded product.clothing and other products that will convey a positive image.
Personal and Cultural Factors
Wants are a combination of __________
Trait Theory
What theory of personality suggests that one person differs from another because of a number of different characteristics such as introversion or extroversion?
Subliminal perception
When Coca-Cola embeds sexual images in their advertising, they are using __________
Mass Customization
When M&M's put consumers' names and faces on their candy, this is an example of__________
Motivation
When a need is aroused that the consumer wishes to satisfy, the __________ process has been activated
Interdependence
When a product is part of a user's daily routine that user is said to have a(n) _______ type of relationship with the product
Private response
When consumers are unhappy with a product, they boycott the product and/or store and express dissatisfaction to friends. This is called _________ response
80/20
When marketers define consumer by products usage they use the _________ rule
Reality principle
When the ego tries to balance opposing forces, it uses the ___________
Age, gender, family structure, social class/ income, race/ ethnicity, geography, lifestyle
Which of the following is NOT considered a demographic?
1. Individual Level 2. Family Level 3. Community Level 4. Group Level
Which of the following is a level of a person extended self?
Repetitive and often excessive shopping performed as a antidote to tension, anxiety, depression, or boredom
Which of the following is associated with compulsive consumption?
Per purchase, purchase, post purchase
Which of the following time periods is encompassed in the study of consumer behavior?
Social marketing
Which term refers to marketing techniques that are used to encourage positive behavior such as literacy or discourage negative behaviors like drunk driving?
Brand Loyalty
Which term refers to the bond between product and consumer that is difficult to competitors to break?
Subliminal perception
Which term refers to the perception that is below the level of consumer's awareness?
Behavioral
Which theory listed below assumes that learning takes place as the result of responses to external events?
Desire for new function, change in the environment, change in person's role
Why do all consumers sometimes replace a product that is still functioning?
Self-Concept
_____ summarizes the beliefs a person holds about his own attributes and how he/she evaluates their self on those qualities.
Demographics
_______ are statistics that measure observable aspects of population
Spectacle
_______ performances are where the message itself is a form of entertainment
Self-esteem
_______ refers to the positivity of a person's self-concept
Self-fulfilling prophecy
_________ is the way we assume others expect us to act
Motivation
_________ refer(s) to the processes that lead people to behave as they do
Psychographics
__________ are the use of psychological, sociological, and anthropological factors to determine how the market is segmented by the propensity of groups within the market (and their reasons) to make a particular decision about a product, person, ideology, or otherwise hold an attitude or use a medium
Semiotics
__________ is a discipline that studies the correspondence between signs and symbols and their meaning
observational
__________ learning occurs when a individual watches the actions of others and note the reinforcements they receive for their behaviors
Sensory
__________ memory permits the temporary storage for information we receive for our senses
Body image
__________ refers to a consume's subjective evaluation of his or her physcial self
Androgyny
__________ refers to the possession of both masculine and feminine traits
The theory of cognitive dissonance
___________ is based on the premise that people have a need for order and consistency in their lives and that a state of tension is created when beliefs or behaviors conflict with one another
Identity Marketing
___________ is the promotional strategy that involves select consumers altering some aspects of their selves to advertise for a branded procut
Getalt
___________ perspective is the best summarized by saving "The whole is greater than the sum of its parts"
Personality
___________ refers to a person's unique psychological makeup and how it consistently influences the way a person responds to his/her environment
Halo effect
____________ refers to the tendency people have to react to stimuli similar to an original stimulus in a classical conditioning situation in much the same way they responded to the original stimulus
Interpretation
______________ refers to the meanings we assign to sensory stimuil
