History 5 Part 2
Which statement is NOT true about Brasília?
Brasília's buildings resemble traditional Portuguese architecture.
Portuguese sailor Pedro Álvares Cabral lands on northeast Brazil: Portuguese King João VI flees to Brazil. He united Portugal and Brazil into a kingdom: Brazil declares independence, creating the Empire of Brazil: The 58-year reign of Pedro II ends and Brazil becomes a republic:
1, 2, 3, 4
The Cañari people forge several groups to form the Quitu Kingdom. The conquering Incas add Ecuador to their empire. Conquistador Sebastián de Belalcázar leads 500 men to seize Quito. Rebel forces led by Antonio José de Sucre defeat the Spanish at the Battle of Pichincha. This helps Ecuador become free of Spanish control. President Gabriel García Moreno restores order after a period of turmoil and civil wars. Ecuador fights a border war with Peru. The two sides agree to jointly develop the contested area.
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
The Chavín culture establishes settlements high in the Andes. Spanish conquistador Francisco Pizarro arrives in Peru and enslaves Peru's indigenous people. Túpac Amaru II is executed, and his sacrifice inspires Peruvians to seek independence and equal rights for indigenous people. Simón Bolívar and Antonio Jóse de Sucre's defeat of Spanish forces ensures Peru's independence. Attacks by rebel groups threaten democratic rule. Alejandro Toledo is the first indigenous Peruvian elected president.
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
What percentage of Brazilians live in poverty?
20%
In Brazil, the rain forest is called ___________.
Amazonia
Some of the ____ people live on floating islands of reeds in Lake Titicaca.
Aymara
___________ is celebrated with large floats, bright costumes, and dancing.
Carnival
Peru's coast is a 1,500-mile-long strip of arid land called the Long
Desert
Which country is north of Peru?
Ecuador
___________, a stew made of rice, black beans, and sausage, is Brazil's national dish.
Feijoada
The ________ Islands are home to many plants and animals found nowhere else in the world.
Galápagos
Almost half of Peruvians are _____ people.
Indigenous
Brazilians call ___________ the father of modern Brazil.
Juscelino Kubitschek
____ is the capital of Peru.
Lima
Ocean ships travel almost 1,000 miles to ____, Brazil's large inland port. The beautiful city is called the "____ of the Jungle."
Manaus, Paris
What TWO benefits do mangroves provide to the coastal ecosystem?
Mangroves prevent the erosion of coastline. Mangroves create habitats for life.
The ____ marks the transition between mountains and the rain forest.
Montana
___________ is a blend of American-style pop music and Brazilian rhythms.
Música Popular Brasileira
Ecuador's longest river, the ________, eventually joins the Amazon River.
Napo
________ accounts for more than half of Ecuador's exports.
Oil
The ________ accounts for about half of Ecuador's land.
Oriente
The ___________ is the world's largest wetland.
Pantanal
Christmas celebrations include ________, the passage of the child.
Pase del Niño
___________ was Brazil's greatest soccer player. Brazilians still call him "the King."
Pelé
American archaeologist Hiram Bingham discovered Machu
Picchu
Brazil was a(n) ___________ colony for over 300 years.
Portuguese
What long-term impact might the recently completed Transoceanic Highway have on Peru?
Positive developments might include opening up more trade with countries in eastern South America or more Peruvians moving into the interior. Negative effects might include accelerated destruction of rain forest or the drug dealers using the road to smuggle illegal drugs.
Many Peruvian festivals honor saints and include
Processions
The ___ people raise alpaca and llamas and grow crops in the Andes.
Quechua
Which Ecuadorian city is located at 0º, 78º W?
Quito
________ is the capital of Ecuador.
Quito
Which Brazilian city was selected to host the championship game of the soccer World Cup in 2014 and the 2016 Summer Olympics?
Rio de Janeiro
The ____ is a large area of jungle lowlands in eastern Peru.
Selva
Which city is the largest in Brazil and the sixth-largest in the world?
São Paulo
What is the job of the Contentious Administrative Tribunal?
The Contentious Administrative Tribunal settles disagreements within the Ecuadorian government.
Why is the coast of Peru arid?
The Peru Current brings cold water and cool winds to the shore. The cool ocean air warms as it travels inland. The warm air absorbs moisture, creating arid conditions along the coast.
At 12,500 feet, Lake ____ is the world's highest navigable lake.
Titicaca
Which country is south of Brazil?
Uruguay
What are Brazil's THREE major agricultural exports?
coffee beans sugarcane soybeans
Brazil processes sugarcane to make ___________.
ethanol
In the Andes, farmers grow _____, corn, coffee, and coca.
potatoes
The ________ is a panpipe unique to the Andes.
rondador
The interior of northeast Brazil is an arid plain called the ___________.
sertão
What do the 27 stars on the Brazilian flag represent?
the 27 Brazilian states