History 5 Part 2

Which statement is NOT true about Brasília?

Brasília's buildings resemble traditional Portuguese architecture.

Portuguese sailor Pedro Álvares Cabral lands on northeast Brazil: Portuguese King João VI flees to Brazil. He united Portugal and Brazil into a kingdom: Brazil declares independence, creating the Empire of Brazil: The 58-year reign of Pedro II ends and Brazil becomes a republic:

1, 2, 3, 4

The Cañari people forge several groups to form the Quitu Kingdom. The conquering Incas add Ecuador to their empire. Conquistador Sebastián de Belalcázar leads 500 men to seize Quito. Rebel forces led by Antonio José de Sucre defeat the Spanish at the Battle of Pichincha. This helps Ecuador become free of Spanish control. President Gabriel García Moreno restores order after a period of turmoil and civil wars. Ecuador fights a border war with Peru. The two sides agree to jointly develop the contested area.

1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6

The Chavín culture establishes settlements high in the Andes. Spanish conquistador Francisco Pizarro arrives in Peru and enslaves Peru's indigenous people. Túpac Amaru II is executed, and his sacrifice inspires Peruvians to seek independence and equal rights for indigenous people. Simón Bolívar and Antonio Jóse de Sucre's defeat of Spanish forces ensures Peru's independence. Attacks by rebel groups threaten democratic rule. Alejandro Toledo is the first indigenous Peruvian elected president.

1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6

What percentage of Brazilians live in poverty?

20%

In Brazil, the rain forest is called ___________.

Amazonia

Some of the ____ people live on floating islands of reeds in Lake Titicaca.

Aymara

___________ is celebrated with large floats, bright costumes, and dancing.

Carnival

Peru's coast is a 1,500-mile-long strip of arid land called the Long

Desert

Which country is north of Peru?

Ecuador

___________, a stew made of rice, black beans, and sausage, is Brazil's national dish.

Feijoada

The ________ Islands are home to many plants and animals found nowhere else in the world.

Galápagos

Almost half of Peruvians are _____ people.

Indigenous

Brazilians call ___________ the father of modern Brazil.

Juscelino Kubitschek

____ is the capital of Peru.

Lima

Ocean ships travel almost 1,000 miles to ____, Brazil's large inland port. The beautiful city is called the "____ of the Jungle."

Manaus, Paris

What TWO benefits do mangroves provide to the coastal ecosystem?

Mangroves prevent the erosion of coastline. Mangroves create habitats for life.

The ____ marks the transition between mountains and the rain forest.

Montana

___________ is a blend of American-style pop music and Brazilian rhythms.

Música Popular Brasileira

Ecuador's longest river, the ________, eventually joins the Amazon River.

Napo

________ accounts for more than half of Ecuador's exports.

Oil

The ________ accounts for about half of Ecuador's land.

Oriente

The ___________ is the world's largest wetland.

Pantanal

Christmas celebrations include ________, the passage of the child.

Pase del Niño

___________ was Brazil's greatest soccer player. Brazilians still call him "the King."

Pelé

American archaeologist Hiram Bingham discovered Machu

Picchu

Brazil was a(n) ___________ colony for over 300 years.

Portuguese

What long-term impact might the recently completed Transoceanic Highway have on Peru?

Positive developments might include opening up more trade with countries in eastern South America or more Peruvians moving into the interior. Negative effects might include accelerated destruction of rain forest or the drug dealers using the road to smuggle illegal drugs.

Many Peruvian festivals honor saints and include

Processions

The ___ people raise alpaca and llamas and grow crops in the Andes.

Quechua

Which Ecuadorian city is located at 0º, 78º W?

Quito

________ is the capital of Ecuador.

Quito

Which Brazilian city was selected to host the championship game of the soccer World Cup in 2014 and the 2016 Summer Olympics?

Rio de Janeiro

The ____ is a large area of jungle lowlands in eastern Peru.

Selva

Which city is the largest in Brazil and the sixth-largest in the world?

São Paulo

What is the job of the Contentious Administrative Tribunal?

The Contentious Administrative Tribunal settles disagreements within the Ecuadorian government.

Why is the coast of Peru arid?

The Peru Current brings cold water and cool winds to the shore. The cool ocean air warms as it travels inland. The warm air absorbs moisture, creating arid conditions along the coast.

At 12,500 feet, Lake ____ is the world's highest navigable lake.

Titicaca

Which country is south of Brazil?

Uruguay

What are Brazil's THREE major agricultural exports?

coffee beans sugarcane soybeans

Brazil processes sugarcane to make ___________.

ethanol

In the Andes, farmers grow _____, corn, coffee, and coca.

potatoes

The ________ is a panpipe unique to the Andes.

rondador

The interior of northeast Brazil is an arid plain called the ___________.

sertão

What do the 27 stars on the Brazilian flag represent?

the 27 Brazilian states