Convection and Mantle

The energy from the sun that warms your face is transferred by a process called ______.

radiation

In which layers of Earth do convection currents occur?

Convection currents occur in the mantle and the outer core.

How is heat transferred through space?

Heat is transferred through space by radiation.

What happens to the density of a liquid that is heated?

When a liquid is heated, the density decreases.

When you touch a hot pot or pan, energy moves from the pot to your hand. This is called a. magnetic energy. b. indirect evidence. c. subduction. d. heat transfer.

d. heat transfer.

What do you think will happen to the convection currents in the mantle if the interior of Earth eventually cools down?

If Earth's interior cools down, the convection currents in the mantle will stop.

Give an example of each of the types of heat transfer.

Conduction: burning your hand on a hot stove, radiation: warming yourself near a fire, convection: heating up a mug of cocoa.

What causes the convection currents in the mantle?

Cooler rock near the top of the mantle begins to sink as rock that was heated near the bottom of the mantle begins to rise.

(T/F) Convection currents produce the heat in the Earth's interior.

False

(T/F) The heat from the Sun reaches Earth through convection.

False

What are the three type of heat transfer?

The three types of heat transfer are convection, conduction, and radiation.

Scientists think that convection currents flow in Earth's a. continents. b. mantle. c. lithosphere. d. inner core.

b. mantle.

When you touch a hot plate, the transfer of heat from the plate to your hand is called ______.

conduction

(T/F) Convection currents in the Earth's crust cause volcanoes.

False

(T/F) Convection currents affect the movement of plates on the Earth's crust.

True

Describe the convection currents that occur inside Earth.

Earth's hot core and mantle provide a source of heat that drives convection currents in the asthenosphere. The asthenosphere is a layer of the upper mantle that can flow very slowly. The soft, plastic material of the asthenosphere slowly rises, spreads out, and pushes cooler material out of the way. Then the cooler material sinks back through the asthenosphere. These convection currents have flowed inside Earth for billions of years.

Compare the heating in the mantle to a cooking pot of soup.

The convection currents in the mantle are very similar to cooking a pot of soup. When a pot of soup is placed on a stove, the soup at the bottom of the pot is heated. As the soup warms up, it rises to the top of the pot. The cooler soup is more dense than the warm soup and begins to sink. This soup is then heated, and the process repeats. The same process occurs in the mantle, as material near the bottom is heated and begins to rise.

Scientists believe that differences in ____ cause hot, plastic-like rock in the asthenosphere to rise toward Earth's surface. a. density b. magnetism c. weight d. composition

a. density

When the heat source is removed from a fluid, convection currents in the fluid will a. speed up. b. change direction. c. eventually stop. d. continue at the same rate forever.

c. eventually stop.