Correction Set
lewin focused on the individual's
"life space" in the immediate present.
standard error of estimate
-a measure of variability around the regression line - its standard deviation -goodness of fit
automaticity
-decrease load on working memory -long term potentiation -no new memory little memory modification
depression associated with sleep
-decreased slow-wave or non-REM sleep -early morning waking -decreased sleep continuity -earlier onset of REM sleep or decreased REM latency
damage to prefrontal cortex causes
-impaired memory and attention -personality change -decision making
the three dimensions of situational control identified by fiedler include all of the following
-leader-employee relations -position or legitimate power -task structure
Howard et al.'s (1993) phase model of psychotherapy
-remoralization -remediation -rehabilition
malnutrition during what trimester seems to have its most severe negative impact on the developing brain
3rd trimester
Kirkpatrick's training model
4 Levels of training outcomes: 1. Reaction criteria: focuses on what participants thought/felt about the program 2. Learning criteria: provides a quantifiable measure of what has been learned during the program 3. Behavior criteria: addresses the impact the program had on a participant's performance/behavior in the workplace 4. Results criteria: measures the effects of the program on broader organizational goals & objectives
19 year old student has depressed mood, suicidal thoughts, and has been missing classes for the past week. Student's score on the global functional scale would most likely be
40
Levinson's Seasons of Life
40s marked by transition and crisis&&concept of midlife crisis(period of intense psychological turmoil)&&involves questioning of fundamental assumptions of life..
duration requirement Schizophreniform
>1month < 6months
Fight or Flight corresponds with ______ stage
Alarm
reciprocal determinism
Bandura's idea that though our environment affects us, we also affect our environment
A quarter in your hand casts a different image on your retina than a quarter taped to the wall across the room, yet you know that the quarters have exactly the same dimensions. This phenomenon would be best explained by a
Gestalt Psychologist
Autocorrelation
In a longitudinal design, the correlation of one variable with itself, measured at two different times.
BASIC ID is associated with
Lazarus
frankl
Logotherapy
Which of the following shows promise as a screening tool to identify people at risk of developing schizophrenia?
Measures of smooth pursuit eye tracking.
A patient taking clozapine begins exhibiting symptoms of muscle rigidity, tachycardia, sweating, hyperthermia, and altered consciousness
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)
Chronic pain treatment with tricyclic antidepressants is most effective for: A neuropathic pain and headaches B neuropathic and musculoskeletal pain C headaches and musculoskeletal pain D neuropathic pain, headaches and musculoskeletal pain
Neuropathic pain and headaches
Capitated Fee
Providers receive a fixed dollar amount over a specific period of time to cover the service needs to a fixed number of clients
Self-Control Model of Depression
Rehm set of deficits in one or more: 1) selective attention to neg. events in env't 2) selective attention to immediate as opposed to long-range outcomes of bx 3) stringent standards for self-evaluation 4) negative attributions for own bx 5) insufficient self-reinforcement 6) excessive self-punishment
Which of the following is more characteristic of obsessive-compulsive personality disorder (OCPD) than of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)?
Rigid ideas about right and wrong
Gottfredson
Theory of Circumscription and Compromise
Can be recognized by the ending "amine" "tyline"
Tricylclics (TCAs)
compressed workweek has the least impact on
absenteeism and productivity
Which neurotransmitter would you be most likely to find in the synaptic cleft between a motor neuron and a muscle?
acetycholine
research shows AntiSocialPD gets better with
age
many individuals with Parkinson's disease
also have amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles like those found in Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and some develop symptoms of dementia when the disease is advance
-azine and -zapine
antipsychotic
procedural justice is the
best indicator of work performance and of counterproductive work behavior, but all justice forms are related to organizational citizenship behaviors
PET scan/fMRI
bloodflow and function
administered in induction phase of opioid addiction treatment.
buprenorphine
conservation, decentration, reversibility, and inductive reasoning emerges in the
concrete operations stage (7-11)
Of the five personality dimensions listed below, the one most consistently associated with job success is
conscientiousness.
demand characteristics
cues in an experiment that tell the participant what behavior is expected
Bumgarner's incorporation phases
diagnosis post-diagnosis turning point immersion post immersion turning point integration disclosure
Different regression line slopes in a scatterplot suggests: A differential validity B a lack of factorial validity C divergent validity d a lack of convergent validity
differential validity
hypnosis involves
dissociation, absorption, suggestibility
persuasion not likely if
ego involved issue
Introspection
examination of one's own thoughts and feelings
Alcohol use most likely to cause damage during the
first trimester -structural and anatomical defects
which medicine is least likely to cause antichlonergic effects
fluoxetine
deductive reasoning, abstract thought, problem solving, and metacognition
formal operations
false recollections associated with what lobe
frontal lobe
perseverating, false recollection
frontal lobe
brain imaging techniques have identified abnormalities in what areas among people with Tourette Syndrome, Autistic disorder, and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
frontal lobe and basal ganglia
ADHD brain abnormalities
frontal lobe, cerebellum, and striatum
A researcher plans to study changes in patients' brain activity as Alzheimer's disease progresses by detecting changes in blood flow and oxygen content. The appropriate brain imaging technique to use is
functional mri
A researcher would most likely use _______ to investigate which brain areas are active during speech?
functional mri
A person who takes an MAOI concurrently with an SSRI may develop serotonin syndrome which is characterized by:
headache, dizziness, confusion, irritability, tremor, and nystagmus
Primary purpose of feedback in the context of organization development
help clients understand the diagnostic information that has been collected
gregory herek ascribes violence against gays and lesbians to
heterosexism
starvation in anorexia is believed to be precipitated by
high levels of serotonin
standard error of measurement
how close obtained score is to a true score
child is in crisis with the absence of commitment and in the active process of struggling with a decision
identity moratorium
Xander has taken a medication that is an endorphin antagonist. Which side effect is most likely?
increase pain sensititivity
untreated diabetes mellitus
increased appetite with weight loss, confusion, apathy, mental dullness
A researcher presents his participant with a series of flashing lights at varying intervals. After each presentation of a light, he asks the participant to fully describe her internal experiences, a method known a
introspection
substantia nigra
involved in motor control and contains a large concentration of dopamine-producing neurons -impaired in Parkinsons
For complex tasks, the optimal anxiety level
is lower than it is for simple tasks
the relationship between self-efficacy and work-related performance
is moderated by task complexity and locus of performance
Tabula rasa
is the theory that individuals are born without built-in mental content, and therefore all knowledge comes from experience or perception.
super's conceptual model of the life rainbow depicts
life roles
paraphrasia
lost ability to speak or jumbling words; confusing one word for another
In the multitrait-multimethod matrix, a large heterotrait-monomethod coefficient would indicate:
low divergent validity
lewinsohn's theory proposes depression is associated with a
low rate of response contingent reinforcement
Raising the predictor cutoff
makes it more difficult to pass the test, more true positives
lowering the criterion score
makes the definition of success more lax-easier to be considered successful, so false positives become true positives
A psychologist believes that physical exercise can reduce a person's anxiety level, which reduces the strength of substance cravings in people recovering from substance dependence. According to this hypothesis anxiety is a: A suppressor variable B mediator variable C moderator variable D criterion contaminator
mediator variable
You find that socioeconomic status affects reading ability mainly through its influence on parental education levels. Parental education levels is a
mediator variable
congential cytomegolovrirus
mental retardation and visual and hearing impairments
While studying the use of journaling in the treatment of depression, a researcher finds only individuals with good writing ability benefit from journaling. Writing ability is a(n):
moderator variable
if a job selection test has different validity coefficients for different ethnic groups. Ethnicity serves as a A suppressor variable B mediator variable C moderator variable D criterion contaminator
moderator variable
correlation coefficients is used to assess convergent validity
monotrait-heteromethod
multiple regression analysis
multiple predictors are used to estimate a person's criterion score
mom says no candy. child whines for 10 min, baby sitter gives in and gives child candy. He stops whining. Baby sitter's behavior (giving the child candy) is the result of
negative reinforcement
Of the five personality dimensions listed below, the one most consistently associated with job satisfaction
neuroticism
kappa statistic used to evaluate reliability when data are
nominal or ordinal
A patient has a dangerously low heart rate and is having difficulty breathing. The neurotransmitter that would be most helpful to him is
norepineprhine
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
physiological, safety, love/belonging, esteem, self-actualization
Every time a 6-year-old child uses obscene language his mother reprimands him. Unfortunately, the child's use of obscene language increases. The mother's reprimands can best be described as
positive reinforcement
Kolberg's Levels of Moral Development (PCP)
preconventional conventional postconventional
Following a head injury, Maria experienced a dramatic personality change. She now gambles heavily, swears and yells at work, and has difficulty planning ahead. She most likely experienced damage to her
prefrontal cortex
Piaget moral development stages (PHA)
premoral heteronomous autonomous
associated with stages of change model
prochaska and diclemente
according to hopelessness theory of depression, hopelessness is a
proximal sufficient cause of depression
if you find that your job selection measure yields too many false positives...what can you do to correct the problem?
raise the predictor cutoff and lower criterion score
in vivo exposure with response prevention involves
repeatedly presenting the CS without the US
heuristic strategy that makes judgments only on the obvious characteristics of the problem, not requiring additional info and solves the problem based on the initial facts presented
representativeness
Tumors, head injuries, viral infection, vascular or other neurological disorders that damage the medial temporal region of the brain affect:
retrograde and anterograde memory
behavior therapy technique for reducing arousal to inappropriate stimuli by first masturbating to orgasm while imagining appropriate stimuli and then continuing to masturbate while fantasizing about paraphilic images after orgasm
satiation therapy
_________ preventions are offered to individuals identified as being at high risk by a screening test or some type of screening procedure
secondary
emsam, first skin transdermal patch for the treatment for major depression disorder is
selegiline
peripheral nervous system is divided into
somatic and autonomic
-amine and -line
ssri or tca
repeated presentation of stimulus unattractiveness
stimulus satiation
the areas of the brain associated with declarative memory include all of the following except a. striatum b.diecephalon c.peripheral cortex d.hippocampus
striatum (movements, basal ganglia)
CT/xray
structure only
Kobe, a native English speaker, has moved to Germany and is learning to speak German. Which brain region is likely to show the greatest plasticity?
temporal lobe
Symptoms of memory impairment, faulty judgment, and impaired concentration would most likely result from lesions to the:
temporal lobe
Forer Effect
tendency of people to rate sets of statements as highly accurate for them personally even though the statements could apply to many people
sampling error refers to the
tendency of sample statistics to differ from population parameters
According to Super's theory, job satisfaction is most related to:
the development of their self-concept through their work roles
when total quality management (TQM) fails it is often because
the employees are not given sufficient responsibility
cohen's d requires
the means of the experimental and control groups
f ratio
the ratio between the variability observed between treatment groups and the variability observed within treatment groups. VB:VW
leader-member exchange theory
the relationships a leader has with members can be divided into two groups referred to as the in group and out group
Howard Garner: in accessing intelligence,
the society in which a person lives evaluates how intelligent a person is thought to be
functional fixedness
the tendency to think of things only in terms of their usual functions; an impediment to problem solving
Which of these medications is likely to produce the most unpleasant physical side effects?
thorazine
fetal alchohol spectrum disorders is a term used
to describe the range of effects from prenatal alcohol exposure
most effective reinforcement strategy is to
use a continuous schedule to establish a behavior at the desired level-then switch to an intermittent (partial) schedule that involves reinforcing the behavior some of the time and is less susceptible to satiation and extinction
based on the logic that decision making will be improved by using a decision support framework that explicitly considers costs and benefits of HR decisions, a ____________ would be useful
utility analysis
produces the fastest and steadiest rate of responding during acquisition trials and the greatest resistance to extinction when reinforcement is no longer provided
variable ratio schedule
most predictive variable for adult IQ scores among infant responses would be
visual recognition task
a whisper being audible in a library reading room but not in a busy cafeteria is explained by
weber's law
MRI scans image anatomical structure
whereas FMRI image metabolic function