COSC4331- Structures of Programming Languages
In scheme, what is the return for (CAR '((A B) C D)
(A B)
In Ada, which operator has the highest precedence?
**
Which programming language does NOT support predefined overloaded subprograms.
C
A polymorphic subprogram takes parameters of different types on different activations.
True
A purely functional programming language does not use variables or assignment statements
True
All C# class instances are heap-dynamic.
True
If we use parse-tree to represent the grammar, the leaves are the terminals.
True
In C, all of the three expressions of for statement are optional.
True
In the same rule, <expression> -> <var> + <var> | <var>-<var> | <var>. which expression could be derived, if <var> -> a | b?
a
What is the primary application area for which Ada was designed?
Embedded systems
What are the two most common forms of user-defined ordinal types?
Enumeration and subrange
An associative array is an ordered collection of data elements that are indexed by an equal number of values called keys.
False
In Java, converting from float data type to long data type is widening conversions.
False
In Prolog, top-down resolution is also called forward chaining.
False
In Scheme, the Boolean literals are 0 for false and 1 for true.
False
In Scheme, the result of EVEN? (/ 9 3) is #t.
False
Keyword parameters match the actual parameters to the formal parameters in the order they are listed:
False
Smalltalk is the first widely used object-oriented programming language.
False
The abstractions in a BNF description are called terminals.
False
The parameters supplied in the call statements are referred to as the formal parameters
False
The semantics of a programming language is the form of its expressions, statements, and program unit.
False
What is the array type declared in Java?
Fixed heap-dynamic array
In Prolog, if we have a rule function(X,Y) :- X < 0, Y is -X. What is the answer for function(5, 5)?
No
In BNF, the symbol | means
OR
What programming languages require type checking of actual vs. formal parameters?
Pascal, Java, Ada
Which parameter passing implementation is used just for out-mode parameters?
Pass-by-result
The first language to fully support object-oriented programming was _________.
Smalltalk
_______ variables are those whose storage binding are created when their declaration statements are elaborated, but whose types are statically bound.
Stack-dynamic
A Prolog term cannot be a _______
Statement
Local variables are defined inside subprograms are ______ and _________ variables
Static, stack-dynamic
In Prolog, if we have a rule function(X,Y) :- X < 0, Y is -X. What is the answer for function(-5, 5)?
Yes
In C, which operator is associated from right NOT left?
unary +
Which is considered as identifiers in a programming language?
All of the above
Which programming language provides unconditional branching goto?
C#
In Java and C#, pointers (or references) are used in stack management.
False
In Scheme, what is the result of (+ 5 (- 4 3) )?
6
Which has the highest precedence of the relational operators in the C language?
<
Which attribute of variable is called l-value?
Address
Which statement is False about the pure virtual function in C++?
An abstract class can be instantiated
Which is NOT a numeric data type?
Boolean
What programming language has dominated business applications over the past 45 years?
COBOL
The Scheme multiple selector is using keyword ________.
COND
Which is NOT a type of lexemes - the lowest level syntactic units?
Classes
________ and _________ grammar classes are very useful for describing the syntax of programming languages.
Context-free, regular
Which name is also used for logic programming languages?
Declarative Language
What programming language does NOT allow the programmer to overload operator symbols.
Java
Which programming language does NOT provide union?
Java
Which programming language was the first widely used language for Unicode characters set?
Java
Which is NOT a difference of ADT between C++ and Java?
Java has private and public clauses in class definitions
What is NOT a problem caused by dynamic scoping?
Need to pass the parameters from one subprogram to another
Scheme is a dialect of ________.
LISP
The Scheme language is a dialect of _____?
LISP
Which programming language is the most important of the functional languages, to achieving widespread use?
LISP
Which is used as the first character for names in most programming languages?
Letter
Which programming language uses dynamic length strings?
Perl
What programming languages support heterogeneous arrays?
Perl and Javascript
For access modifiers, entities that are to be hidden are placed in a _________clause, and visible entities appear in a _______ clause.
Private, public
There are two fundamental abstraction facilities in programming languages?
Process and data
Programming languages can support two distinct categories of abstraction: _______ and _______
Process, data
Logic programming has been used in applications of
Relational database systems and expert systems
Dynamic binding is happening at ________.
Running
The parameter profile of a subprogram does NOT contain _______
The names of the formal parameters
Which is NOT a disadvantage of the logic programming language?
The programmer must understand the ways the rules applied to answer those questions
In the rule, <expression> -> <var> + <var> | <var>-<var> | <var>. Which statement is NOT correct
This rule is recursive.
In Java, strings are supported by the String class, whose values are constant strings.
True
In Prolog, the binding of a value, and thus a type, to a variable is called an instantiation.
True
Java supports only single inheritance, not multiple inheritances.
True
One of the motivations for process abstraction and data abstraction is to against the complexity of programming.
True
Pass-by-value is implementing in-mode semantics.
True
Regular expressions are used to describe sets of valid strings.
True
The referencing environment of a statement is the collection of all of the variables that are visible in that statement.
True
The C# switch statement differs from that of its C-based predecessors in that every selectable segment must end with an explicit unconditional branch statement, either a__________ or a ________.
break, goto
In scheme, which function returns the tail of a list?
cdr
In Java, data abstraction is provided by _________
class
Which iterative statement in C is posttest?
do... while
In most imperative programming languages, binary operators are _______ notation.
infix
_______ is the process by which one class can be created as a special category of another class- get or redefine the variables and methods of the original class.
inheritance
In Scheme, which notation is used to define a function?
lambda
In Prolog, the semi-colon represents _________
or
In Prolog, all statements must end with a ________
period
