Criminal Justice Chapter 9

Which of the following individuals would probably NOT be required to serve on a jury?

A physician

What is the Missouri Plan?

A plan for restructuring state courts systems to increase efficiency and reduce case backlog

Courts have the authority to review a decision made by a lower court are said to have ____________ jurisdiction.

Appellate

__________ created the federal court system.

Article III, Section 1 of the U.S Constitution

Mario is a criminal attorney with private practice. He has been appointed by the court to serve as a defense attorney for an indigent defendant and receives a fee from the court that is set by the state government. Mario is a(n) _____________ counsel.

Assigned

The ___________ keeps order in the courtroom and announces the judge's entry to the courtroom.

Bailiff

A(n) ________ provides information about the personality, family life, and business acumen of the defendant in an effort to show that the defendant is not the kind of a person who would commit the crime with which he or she is charged?

Character witness

A ___________ is a low-level court that focuses on quality-of-life crimes eroding neighborhood morale and is an official component of the formal criminal justice system.

Community court

The role of the ______________ is to create a record of all that occurs during a trial.

Court reporter

In which of the following does the defendant exercise choice in the court process?

Deciding what plea to enter

While Bob was studying in the library, his wallet was stolen. When the person who stole his wallet was caught, Bob opted to resolve the case informally at a ______________ staffed by volunteer mediators.

Dispute-resolution center

Because the states wanted to retain significant legislative authority and judicial autonomy, the United States has a(n) _________ system.

Dual-court

____________ is information having a tendency to clear a person of guilt or blame.

Exculpatory evidence

Which of the following is NOT a member of the courtroom work group?

Jury member

An eyewitness who saw a crime being committed is an example of a(n) ________ witness.

Lay

In which U.S Supreme Court case was the court's authority as the final interpreter if the U.S Constitution established?

Marbury v. Madison

_______ appeals to federal appellate courts involve major questions of law and policy where there is considerable professional disagreement among the courts.

Nonconsensual

Which of the following refers to the lawful authority of a court to hear or act on a case from its beginning and to pass judgment on the law and the facts?

Original jurisdiction

Deciding what chargers are to be brought against a defendant is an example of ____________ discretion.

Prosecutorial

Which type of indigent defense involves the use of full-time salaried state employees?

Public defender programs

A defendant who is NOT indigent and who can afford private attorney fees will have which type of defense attorney?

Retained counsel

What does the power of judicial review allow the Supreme Court to do?

Review lower-court decisions and state and federal statutes.

The clerk of court is responsible for

Summoning members of the public for jury duty

Who is often considered a "forgotten" person in the courtroom?

The victim

How are federal district court judges selected?

They are appointed by Congress with the approval of the President

Which of the following provides the first appellate level for courts of limited jurisdiction?

Trial courts of general jurisdiction

The TV court show Judge Judy is an example of which type of court?

Trial courts of limited jurisdiction

Which of the following is NOT part of the court structure developed by states following the federal model?

Trial de novo courts

George has been accused of multiple crimes. Why would the prosecutor want to try George separately on each charge?

Trying charges separately would allow another trial on a new charge if George is found not guilty at a trial.

Which of the following is NOT one of the three levels of the federal judiciary?

U.S specialized courts

A trial de novo occurs when

a case is retried on appeal

The judge

holds ultimate authority in ruling on matters of law

A subpoena

is a written order requiring an individual to appear in court

The duties of the defense counsel do NOT include

serving as a quasi-legal advisor to the police

The U.S District Courts are the

trial courts for the federal system