Criminal justice ethics final

Ted understands that committing prejury in this case is wrong, and technically qualifies as corruption. ehat type of curruption is this?

"noble-cause" corruption

Which would be defended by an incappitative rationale according to the text

3 strikes law

What percent of police said that they lied about evidence to induce a confession according to the text

90%

What is the name for a legal agreement between the Justice department and a policejustice department in a police department which agrees to Monitoring in reform of certain practices to avoid a lawsuit

A consent decree

The Model code of judicial conduct is organized into 4 cannons including all of the following exit

A judge or candidate for judicial shall engage in political or campaign activity that is consistent with their personal views

The vast majority of cases in the criminal Justice system are settled by

A plea bargain

The Warren court was known for it

Activism

Bagram prision is in

Afghanistan

in order to gather intelligence, you consider utilizing so-called mosque crawlers

Agents who infiltrate mosque and muslim neighborhoods to gather intelligence

the concept of a "torture warrant" is most closely associated with the work of:

Alan Dershowitz

Use a force can be predicted by

All of these are correct

In Washington versus Harper the US Supreme Court ruled that

An inmate's right to review's anticipated medication did not outweigh the state's need to a minister if there was a showing that the inmate posed a security risk

who conducted the investigation of Abu Ghrabi?

Antonia Taguba

Which Supreme Court Justice did not recuse himself from Hamilton versus runsfield despite having said publicly that given due process rights to detainees in Guatemala was crazy

Antonio Scalia

Good samaritan laws are what in the US

Are the same in Europe

A legal tool used to complicate property and money associated with organized or no activity is called

Asset forfeiture

In district attorney versus Osborne the Supreme Court ruled

At defendants had no constitutional right to dna evidence

Believe in one original theory of the case despite Evans to the contrary it's called

Believe Preserverance

the concept of hedonistic calcus is as associated with:

Bentham

Whose basic rationale for punishment provides the utility of punishment to society outweighs the negative of the punishment itself

Benthams

Lies that are used to control a suspect or to avoid the use of force or called

Blue lies

What are the motions demanded for prosecutor reveal exculpatory information called

Brandy motion

which religious system specifies that ethical conduct must be based on universal love and compassion for all living beings?

Buddhism

The approach in which each case is treated as one of many is Called

Burcratic Justice

Despite your client's insistence that he is innocent you urge him to accept a plea bargain you are motivated largely by a desire to dispose of the case as quickly and efficiently as possible your actions embodied the notion of

Bureaucratic Justice

whuch of the follwoing individuals applied gender to kolhberg's theory?

Carol Gilligan

Operation greylord was corruption investigation whis an investigation which took place in

Chicago Illinois

Which of the following is true regarding coercive sexual contact in prisons

Coercion is more likely to be present between male officers and female inmates

According to the text the Is worldcom and enron cases influenced a change the model rules guidelines regarding

Confidentiality

Which paradigm of law highlights the inequaity of a capitalist system

Conflict paradigm

Which of the following is not an ethical dilemma often faced by treatment staff in correctional facilities

Consulting with judges to suggest conditions of offender's sentences

Which is the profession involved in the application of science to recognize identify and evaluate physical evidence in court proceedings

Criminalistics

A month after the conviction you discovered that DNA sample was founded at The crime scene and was never tested you believe that it might exonerate your client unfortunately the unfortunately the peel court rejects Your petition citing the case of district attorney versus Osborne the decision in this case held that

Defendants do not have a constitutional right to dna testing

Attorney client privilege may ethically be revoked if

Defense attorney wants to prevent her client from injuring someone

The Taraoff rule governs what type of relationships

Doctor patient

___ suggest that what is good for one's survuval and peronsal happiness is moral

Egoism

Which amendment protects against cruel and unusual punishment

Eight

The consensus paradigm is most closely related with

Emil durkim

In terms of prosecutional misconduct arison and mcmurtry discussed the presence of all of the falling elements except

Emotional Concord

Which is not a type of misuse of authority discussed by McCarthy and segal

Entrapment

What is the program used by federal officials to help all help obviate abuses and assess forfeiture

Equatable sharing

Probation officers who's on the job behavior is guided by a desire to always do their duty is exhibiting

Ethical formalism

What system of ethics supports a retributive view of punishment

Ethical formalism

Which ethical system would only support punishment as a last resort

Ethics of care

According to the text which of the following is true regarding the exclusionary rule

Evidence ceased without a warrant but in the interest of public safety is not excluded by the rule

"national security letters" are letters issued by the _____ to access private information without a warrant

FBI

3 strike laws are defended under a Unitarian rationale

False

A Batson motion request all evidence that is likely to lead to a different outcome

False

General deterrence is consistent with ethical formalism

False

In the case of Hudson versus mec million the Supreme Court found that an injured infliction upon an Inmate only raises to the level of unconstitutionality if it can be considered a serious injury

False

Jury consultants are never used by defense attorneys

False

Serotonin is the "moral molecule"

False

Sonce the 1800s, the number of lawyers in congress has steadily grown

False

Surprisingly researchers have found that correctional officers despite the stressful nature of their occupation do not experience aquatism or divorce any more frequently than the rest of American society

False

The Minnesota versus white decision state that a judge may not make political speeches since they are supposed to remain completely neutral

False

The practice of reciprocity is supported by formal correctional ethics

False

The scandal at Abu grabi had no effect on present practices in the United States

False

Zimbabwe's prison experiment was conducted on the campus of Brown University

False

an act must be considerend harmful to individuals in order for legal moralism to be valid justification for laws agaisnt it

False

ex parte conversations are a way of avoiding the perception of bias

False

police are required to devulge the name of the informant on affidavits for search warrants unless there is ecidence that revealing the informant's identity would be dangerous

False

shakespeare's anti-legal sentiemnt is reflected with his famous quote. "the first thing we do, kets kill all the lawyers"

False

the "ferguson effect" indicates a reactionary rise of proactive enforcement as a ruesult of police asserting their rights to use force

False

the supreme Court held that it's not compulsory that all states must licence and recognize same-sex marriages, eliminating any contradiction between states

False

Which of the following is cited in the text as being more influential to juries than DNA evidence

False confessions

______ is different from others three means of conrtol in that it is physical

Force

which of the following isn't an aspect of Rawl's theory of justice?

Freedom from gov interfernce

Which Supreme Court case ruled against federal sentencing guidelines

GAll v. United States

The death penalty is an example of what type of deterrence

General

What are the 2 types of deterrence

General And specific

In what case did the Supreme Court held the prosecution must declose deals made with informants

Giglio v. U.S

which of the following alighns with Berry's view of God's will?

God's will can be found in individuals, holy scriptures, and religious authorities in equal measure

Wright offers 7 principles as a guide for how administrators and supervisors shoand supervisors should treat employees which of the following is not one of these 7 principles

Good benefits

Which of the following is not a component of due process

Guaranteed appeals

In next versus Whiteside does the premium court rule that a defense attorney

Had to adhere to certain guidelines before offering a plea bargain to a client

in the case of _____ the us supreme court held that the military commissions were outside of the president's power to create and were, therefore, invalid

Hamdan v. Rumsfield

in the case of _____, the US supreme court held that detainees in Guantanamo could challenge their detention in the US federal courts, a petition known as habeas corpus

Hamdi v. Rumsfield

the case that delt with a US citizen help without due process protections as an enemy combatant was

Hamdi v. Rumsfield

John Stewart mill propose the harm principle which basically is the idea that every individual should

Have the utmost freedom over their own actions unless they harm others

The conditions describes in the complaints constitutes a

Hostile work environment

Which Supreme Court decision ruled that the gratitusion is gratituitiness of injuries and not their severity was the determining factor in constitutional violation

Hudson versus McMillan

Examples of restorative Justice process include all of the following except

Individual psychological counseling

Faith based treatment programs are

Is active in many American prisons

Interpretationist argue that the Constitution

Is meant to be a living dogment that evolves with The Times

Positive law refers to

Is those laws written and enforced by society

Sheriff's deputies are often assigned to serve as correctional officers in which type of facility

Jail

Which of the falling is not a method of prevention

Just deserts

Von heritage conceptualization that the punishment of the individual should be purely retributive and balance to the seriousness of the crime is embodied in the

Justice model

The person who helped set up the Abu grobbie prison had also served as head of Texas New Mexico and Utah prison system was

Lane mccooter

When were the 1st Women only prisons Built-in the United States

Late 1800s

Which of the following is not a rule of legal patronalism

Laws should allow private individuals to make decisions about private matters

According to a study cited in the text correctional managers attribute misconduct 2

Low pay and poor screening during hiring

which of the following theroies give need the ost weight?

Marxist

So you're argued that integrated thinking in what agility were important elements moments for an ethical climate

Moral

The Consensus paradigm reflects the idea that

Most people have similar beliefs values and goals in the societal law reflect the majority view

If an individual officer watch a person fight without intervening bomse would consider it

Neglectant abuse

Which of the falling state prison systems is not one of the 3 largest in the country

New york

why type of corruption involves police "testilying"

Noble-cause corruption

___ethics determines what people ought to do and defines moral duties based on ethical systems or other means of analysis

Normative

The term entrepment refers to an incident we're in an otherwise innocent person commits an illegal art because

Of police encouragement or enticement

A shadow jury is a

Panel a people selected by the defense attorney that observes the trial and provides feedback to the attorney

Which of the falling statements is false

Parole officers generally deal with younger less serious offenders than probation officers

According to sir yall's type allergy which type of probation and parole officers may violate professional ethics by not performing duties associated with the role

Passive time server

Pelly Cody describes the passive role in the active role of an attorney with a client who commits

Perjury

In which case did the Supreme Court reject the argument that judicial review of eyewitnesses testimony was necessary

Perry versus New Hampshire

Which of the following statements about plea bargaining is correct

Please bargaining occurs in the vast majority of criminal cases

Recent studies of Oakland police body cam found

Police officers were more likely to be polite to white motorist

The wet complex provides jobs and profits to legions of companies and people around the country

Prison and industrial

Which of the following about probation is false

Probation officers have discretion when choosing which probationers to supervise

The author identifies cynicism lethargy and individualism as opponents of the occupational subculture of

Probation/parole officer

According to a bureau of Justice statistics studies cited in the text which type of offender is most likely to be arrested for a new crime after released from prison

Property offenders

According to sir Gaul's type ology which type of probation and parole officers may need to examine their use of authority

Punitive law enforcer

According to sir yall's type ology the type of probation or parole officer who has a tendency to use illegal threats and violate the due process of protections of their clients is the

Punitive law enforcer

What is from a case is necessary when a judge has financial interest in the case or has some other perceived bias or relationship that might give the appearance of improperty

Recusal

According to McCarthy an Anti-corruption policy for correctional managers should include all of the following except

Regular lie detector test

The ethical concern regarding expert witnesses is about whether they are really

Reliable

According to the text which of the following statements about corrections officer's unions is true

Researchers see unions as being resistant to attempts to discipline officers engaging in miss conduct

Which of the following statements about restorative Justice programs is false

Restorative Justice programs may lead to oppositional subcultures

the idea that government should maintain order but the communtiy should establish peace is a charatceristic of which concept?

Restorative justice

Atonement is most closely associated with the concept of

Retribution

the roots of restorative jutstice can be found as far back as:

Roman and Grecian Law

Legal moralism has been used to justify laws for and against

Same sex marriage

Detaining only those who are at the highest risk of reoffending will real offending will be a form of

Selective Incapitation

Only recognizing evidence to fit one theory is the definition of

Selective information processing

Cohen suggests some principle attorneys must follow to be considered moral which of the following is not one of these principles

Share your clients information with your associates so they can help you make a decision

Strict constructionist argue that the Constitution

Should be implemented exactly as Written

Penale harm refers to the idea that the system

Should intentionally inflict pain on offenders During their imprisonment

Is retribution is consistent with

Social contract theory

Which form of prevention is aimed at the offender and not the overall community

Specific deterrence

Garcetti v. Ceballos was a Supreme Court decision which delt with

The 1st amendment writes to public servants

After asking the examinator the questions you prepared about the fingerprints you ask him questions about the shoe prints found outside the crime scene this witness is only trained as a fingerprint examinator but you hope that the jury will consider his opinion about The Supremes to be that of an expert if they do consider his stupid comments to be knowledgeable and reliable this will be an example of

The Halo effect

The term pluralistic ignorance describes

The Vocal minority shipping the perception of subcultural values

In Washington versus Harper the Supreme Court ruled that

The administration of antique psychotic drugs to unwilling inmate is not unconstitutional

Instead of the above scenario the leadership rewrites the rules so that the ethnic minorities in the country no longer have the right to vote they also remove any restrictions against discriminatory practices which will allow employers and landlords to refuse jobs and housing to members of minorities this scenario describes

The conflict paradigm

Upon reviewing the facts of the case it occurs to you that there is a very good chance that the defendan will be convicted if the case goes to trial your claim in the case that he will be willing to accept a plea bargain which of the following would be an example of a plea bargain

The defendant agrees to plea guilty and prosecutor agrees and prosecutor agrees to drop the charges to 2nd degree murder

Which of the following is not a motivation for prosecutors to offer a plea bargain

The fact that prosecutors are paid more when they take a case through trial

In shiffer in quachurn's type ology what type of lawyer engages the client in moral dialog and tries to convince the client of a moral action and only refuses if the client insists

The friend

A group called what was formed at solanella's Valley prison when inmates who had injured officers and a disturbance were then beaten by the officers and turned

The green wall

Still convinced your client is Innocent you look for outside help where might you go seek assistance in getting your client a new trial

The innocence project

The belief that loyalty to one's client surprises individual and private morality is characteristic of

The legal agent position of the Attorney client relationship

Which of the following is true regarding a probation or parole officers power to recommend revocation

The officer makes a recommendation only

The Halo effect refers to

The phenomenon in which a person with expertise or status and one area is given deference in all areas

Sarah gall argued that the silverty of a correctional institution is influenced by all of the following except

The presence of an engaged news media providing oversight

The concept that allows for an unintended bad consequence as long as the means and end are good is called the

The principle of double effect

The view that an individual has no rights unless these race are specified in the Constitution or have been created by some other legal source is referred to as

The strict constitutionist philosophy

There are 2 basic philosophies regarding how to apply constitutional principles

The strict constructionist and the interpretationist

Which of the following does not describe one of the suyol's types a probation and parole officers

The torturer

Which of the following theories of ethical management argues that officers will treat inmates the way they perceive they are being treated by management

The trickle down theory

What is persuasion?

The use of signs, symbols, words, and arguments to induce compliance.

The pluralist paradigm reflects the idea that

There are many groups in society and that they form allegiances and coalitions In a dynamic exchange of power

what is a criticism of the crime control method of policing?

There is a possibility of error

According to the conflict paradigm

Those who control major social institutions determine how crime is defined

In biker and Carter proposed type allergy of lies those that are considered necessary evils are known as

Tolerated lies

The 2 contacts that the text sites as being a response to Deviant behavior

Treatment and punishment

If a public defender is not available the judge can appoint a local private attorney to represent the defendant

True

Is it difficult for a lawyer to withdraw from representing a client

True

Madre versus Gomez stemmed in part from the death of 30 prisoners of medical negligence in California correctional institutions

True

The Supreme Court has upheld the use of 3 strike laws

True

The case of Brown versus plata resulted in the release of numerous California and mace to relieve overcrowding

True

The ethics of care is consistent with restorative Justice

True

The most common church leveled against prosecutors are brandy violation

True

The prisoner's right era of the 1970s gave way to the due Different era of today where courts are more opt to defer to prison officials

True

The trickle down theory of ethnical management is that correctional officers which Treat inmates the way they perceive they're being treated by management

True

the law enforcement code of ethics is focused more directly on the public servent role, as opposed to the crime fighter role

True

Which Supreme Court case is the current Basis for evaluation of entrepment

United States v. Russell

deterrence is the central theme of what theroy

Utilitarian

the concept of "just deserts" is primary concern of:

Utilitarian theory

Prevention goals are consistent with

Utilitarianism

In the 1980s recognization of enemies by correctional officers decrease but was followed by arise in

Violence from racial games

According to suyal's type algae which type of probation and parole officer may have a tendency to violate a client's rate of privacy and autonomy

Welfare/therapeutic worker

Confirmation bias refers to

When a specific suspect has been fixated upon and investigators ignore other possibilities

Brandy violations refer to

With holding exculpatory evidence

To improve the ethical climate of an agency circle advocates all except

Wrinkly auditing the job performance of supervisory staff

which of the folowing situations is not an example of an ethical issue

a prosecutr deciding which charges to file in a particular case

the classical father confessor approach to interrogations involves:

a sympathetic figure dor the defendent to confide to

in an agent in joe's office reports joe's actions, that agent would be referred to as:

a whistleblower

becuase ethical formalism requires moral behavior regardless of the circumstances, it can be considered an_____system

absolutist

Souryal defines malfeasance as

acts that violate authority

According to Bandura, self-regulation can be "turned off", leading to inhumane acts, thruogh cognitive restructuring via several different mechanism, which of the following isn't one of these mechanism

advantageous labeling

to be criticla thinker one must ask which of the following types of questions?

all of these are correct

which of the follwoing is cited by the authorites as evidence of the militarization of the police?

all of these are correct

Mary's situation is an example of:

an ethical dilemma

a structure set of principles that defines what is moral is refered to as:

an ethical system

Which of the following is not one of the ethical dilemmas of prison psychologists discussed by haag

anonmymity

according ti the chapter,which of the follwoing isn't valid component of civil disobedience?

any action must be approved by the majority of the community

by relating his etihical principles to this specific issue, the judge is providing an example of__

applied ethics

which of the following conditions isn't required to justify war

approval to move foward must be unanimous among other nations

Retributive justoce is best described by what term?

balance

according to the "cooruption continuum" organizations can become corrupt through all of the following except:

charismatice leadership

which is one of the "Six Pillars of Characyer" promulgated by the Josephson Institute of Ethics?

citizenship

the voluntary breaking of established laws based on ne's moral belefs is called

civil disobedience

in relation to community polcing and ethics, all of the following is true except:

community-policing models often foster more corruption than traditional law enforemnt models

_____ are often put into place to guard against ethics problems but some have the unintended effcts of actually increasing unethcal behavior

complince systems

In terms of undercover operations ethical formalism would most likely:

condemn undercover operations where innocent people are deceived because the actions could not be justified under the categorical imperative

which type of jutice is most closely associated with discussion of criminal law?

corrective

the use of facts and objective reasoning to most effective;y reach a decision or understand a problem is known as___

critical thinking

in this instance, their society's definitions differ from the american defitions, this an example of:

cultural relativism

by telling the recuits that their victims are lesser class people and calling them an isluting names, the leader is using which method of cognitive restructuring?

dehumanization

which of the following isn't one of Braswell's reasons to study ethics

develop hindsight

which of the following statements about developmemt theories is true

developmental theories propose that individuals mature phyiscally, mentally, and emotionally

the other coaches who felt they had done their duty by passing the information ip the chain demostrates a

diffusion of responsibilty

by allowing the first couple to eave without being cited, despite the fact that technically they were guilty of an infraction, the officer was exhibiting

discretion

the volunteers accept the instuctions of their leader and intend to carry out the mission, theyhav no ethical reervations, as they have been trained to follow oders. which method of cognitve resturcturing are the volunteers employing

displacement of responsibility

required behaviors or actions that the responsibilities are attached to a specific role known as___

duties

____ is the responsibilities that are attached to a specific role

duty

according to the tect. all of the following methods would help the new chief weaken the xisting subculture except:

emphasizing formal ethics training in the police academy

The continuum of force approach allows the officer to

employ increasing levels of force in direct response to escalating resistance of the suspect

what police ethical training has shown to be effective in New Orleans?

epic

Cohen and Felderg proposed five ethical standards that can be derived from social contract between society and the individuals, which if the following isn't one of these standards

equality

tyler defined the perception of legitimate procedural jusitce as containing all of the following execpt?

equality

the concept of justice is mostly closely related to:

ethical formalism

which ethical systems has benn described as "feminine"

ethics of care

an ethical systems which bases ethics largely upon one's character and possession of certain valued qualities is:

ethics of virture

You have an abundance of physical events that points to the defendant but you also discover that a set of superints sprout the scene matches another person this will be an example of

exculpatory evidence

Depo-provera is a substance that is aministered by injection to psychotic prisoners to prevent them from causing harm to themselves or others

false

Edward Snowden worked for the cia

false

Kant emphasized that a bad act would be considered ethical if it resulted in a good consequence

false

ethical sstems are the same as moral rule

false

researchers indicates the use-of-force incidents are evenly distributed among all patrol officers

false

the just war debate is concerned with the inevitability of war

false

values are capable od scientific proof

false

a teleological response to the situation would require George to:

fight hard aginst h\the robber, regardless of the injury he might inflict

Souryal argued that there are different kinds of loyalty to superiors or to fellow officers, including all of the following except:

fragmented loyalty

the judge has determined that john is not to be held responible becuase he lacks___

free will

opponents to your bill would cite John Stuart Mill and would say that your proposed law is a bad idea sine violators aren't actually harming anyone. your proposed law would violate Mill's:

harm principle

which of the following statements about human right-based policing is false

human rights-base policing standards are monitored by th united nations

which statement about hypoyhetical imperatives is true?

hypothetical imperative are commands that designate certain actions to attain certain ends

in the case of Clark v. Martinez, the US supreme court held that the government may not indefinitely detain _____ without some due process

illegal immigrants

which of the following is a characteristic of system 1 decision making?

immediate

the neighbor who entered the burning house was frightned but has always valued the concept of heroism. Now he faced with the opportunity, he chose to act heroically, in this example, heroism is an eample of an___

imperfect duty

according to the text, the most common reasons for false convistictions included all of the following except:

inaccurate reporting in the media

which of the following isn't cited by scheingold as part of the police sunculture?

institutionalized racism

An approach to the Constitution that uses a loser reading of the document is called

interpretatist philosophy

which of the following statement about the principle of forefeiture is false?

it holds that self-defense is morally unacceptable

rendition are

kidnappings

The Supreme Court case which defined treatment of offenders is

knecht v Gillmore

all of the follwing elemts of Trautman's "corruption continuum" seem to be present in the description of the Penn State found in the chapter, expect:

lack of punished Code of ethics for the organization

modeling and reinforement are both elements of:

learning theory

You try to convice opponents to support your proposed lay by pointinh out that sometimes it's the job of the govnerment and the law to do what is best for people, even if they may not want to do it for themsleves. your decription is an example of:

legal paternalism

which theory of dixtructive jusitce specifically emphasizes entitlement over need?

libertarian

Bomse considers sexual harassment:

malicious or purposeful abuse

Your client tells you that he has a friend that you can call as a witness even though this friend was not actually present at the instant he is willing to claim that he saw the altercation and will testify and without a weapon you refuse to call a witness that you know will not tell the truth this action would indicate your view that you're serving as your clients

moral agent

by referring to the recruitd as "martyrs" and saying that their mission will serve a higher purpose, leaders are using which methid of cognitive resturcturing?

moral justification

the concept that there are fundamental truths that may dictate different definitions of what is moral in different situations is called:

moral pluralism

Bazerman and Tenbrunel would refer to joe's decision as:

motivated blindness

most behaviors that might be judg as ethical or unethical for criminal justice professionals fall into four categories. which of the following is not one of these 4 categories

off-duty drug use

procedural jutice is ecidenced most fully in:

our legal system

And an informant may do what without proposing the threat of being unreliable

participate in a crime

Medical personnel sometimes adopt the what philosophy of corrections and deprive inmates of service because of a belief that they do not deserve treatment

penal harm

the united nations issued numerous sanctions against iraq. seeking approval and cooperation from these international bodies before beginning the invasion is consistent with:

positicist law

if the chief invest in new tech such as GIS mapping software and data analysis tools, in order to better deploy police resources, this would be known as:

predicitve policing

the concepts of community policing, problem-oriented policing, and accountability mechanisms are components of which model of policing?

preventive policing

what component of justice concerns itslef with the steps taken to determin guilt?

procedural jutstice

an on-duty lifeguard who runs into the ocean to rescue a drowning kid, risking their own life to do so, has performed a___

professional duty

according to Packer, which of the following is onof the principles under which the due process model operates?

protection of the process is as important as protection of citizens

the goals of community reparatove boards include all the following except:

provide an opportunity for th community to enact changes in the law to match their local customs

"driving while black" is a term that describes the experience of

racial profiling

what brain process might be influenced by stress and cause workers to act immorally

rationality

the operation describes in this case be described as a

reactive investigation

this experiment lends credence to the power of:

reinforcement

according to the text, the last step necessary to clarify any delimma is to___

resolve the ethical dilemma by using means of decision making

___ is an approach to corrective jutisce that focuses on meeting the needs of offenders as well as victims

restorative justice

the jude believes that sam has caused harm and should be punsihed for it. this sentence is consistent with the idea of:

retributive justice

according to the text, the first step necessary to clarify any dilemma is to___

review all of the facts

procedural protections that are part of due process include all of the following expect?

right to restart proceedings

What are the 2 major areas of judicial discretion

sentencing And interpretation of law

A survey of police chiefs found that they recommend that ethics training should focuse on _____ rahter thn rules

shared values and problem solving

waterboarding

simulates drowning

george has always professed non-violence, but in this instance, he fight the robber to protect his kid. technically, by fighting he is violating his moral belief that one should be non-violent. his decision to fight in this instance is an example of:

situational ethics

which of the following statements about abu ghrabi is false

soldiers responsibilities for the abuses successfully used the "superior orders" defense escaped prosecution

in which of Kolberg's moral stages do individuals control their behavior so as to not hurt other's feelings or be thought of as bad?

stage 3

Which of the following would be least receptive to the concept of natural rights

strict constructionists

what isn't one of kohlberg's moral stages

super-conventional level

the neighbor who entered the burning house was performing a___

supererogatory action

what is discretion?

the authority to make a decision between two or more choices

when he arrived at the sence, the suspect was in custidy and Roland was reading him his rights. this is an example of:

the blue curtain of secrecy

krogstand and robertson described three principles of ethical decision making, which include all of the following except:

the caring principle

what does a teleological ethical system judge?

the consequences of an act

in his norteworth dissent in IN RE TROY ANTHONY DAVIS, justice scalia argued

the consitiution doesn't forbid the execution of the innocent

Aristotle is most closely associated with:

the ethics of virtue

in order to support such a plan from a utilitarian viewpoint, all of the follwoing must be true, excpet

the general community must be consulted and indicated its approval

the law enforcemnt code of ethics and the oath of honor were developed by:

the international association of chiefs of police

the falsifying of an affidavit to get an offender off the street is an example of:

the magical pencil

the term eithcs is referred

the study and analysis if what constitutes good or bad conducts

key elements of community justice models include all of the following excpet?

the unsihment imposed by the community should be equal or greater severity than the crime itslef

which of the following statements about values is false?

the value of survivial is unique to western ethical systems

according to Beccaria's and Bentham's utilitarian rationale, punishment should be based on:

ther seriousness of the crime

What recent research has led to the indication that the "blue curtain of secrecy" is breaking down?

there are more women and minorities on the force

The "doctrine of necessity" argues that

there must be secrecy concerning interrogation tactics so they can be more effective.

boss decribed unjust laws as having several characteristics, what is not one of those?

they are universal

Jonathan Haidt compares the relationship between emotions and rationality to:

thunder and lighting

The protect America act was passed in 2007, allowing the government

to wiretap, without a warrant, anyone suspected of being linked to a terrorist group.

which of the following statements would be consistent with jeremy betham's philosophy of utilitarianism?

toturing a suspect as part of an interrogation would be justifiable if it saved lives

European law enforcement seems to be more committed to a rights-based polocing model even though they have been dealing with terrorism longer than the us

true

Kohlberg' initital work excluded females

true

Positivist law refers to law made by human begins

true

U.S. Supreme Court has defined legal force as force that is objectively reasonable

true

according to Gilligan, most men analyze moral decision with rules or jusitce orientation

true

attorney Gneral Jeff Sessions has increased the supervisory role of the the DOJ in order to address use-of-force policies of police departments throughout the country

true

giving someone a car becuase they need it is a good act according to ethical formalism, even if he later dies in a crash becuase the brakes failed

true

imperfect duties are general duties that should be updated but don't have a specific application as to when or how

true

in asset forfeiture cases, most property seized through civil assets forfeiture actions that requires less due process than criminal

true

in the case of Boumediene v. Bush, the supreme court ruled that the military commissions established by condress weren't sufficient to ensure due process

true

in the case of Clark v. Martinez, the supreme court held that the us couldn't indefinitely hold illegal aliens without some due process

true

in the early days of american policing, the police performed social services such as housing indigents and running soup kitchens

true

most ethical dilemmas that police officers face derive from their powers of discretion

true

one of the key principle of Packer's crime control model is that repression of criminal behavior is more important than procedural justice

true

police officers have the power to deprive people of their liberties and the power to decide which individuals to investigate

true

protection of public morality is the rationale for some laws, which involves drug, gambling, and prostitution.

true

studies cited in the text show that police choose not to make an arrest in a large number of cases where an arrest would be legally justified

true

telling a lie to someone who doesn't deserve the truth is not a lie according to ethical formalism

true

the conflict paradigm states that law isn't value-netural; its bent toward the interest of the powerful

true

the idea of critical thinking is to be more cognizant of facts as opposed to concepts, assupmtions

true

the primary distinction between ethical issues and ethical dilemmas is that issues are broad and deliemmas are specific

true

the principle of double effect would justify a bombing that resulted in the death of civilians if the target was a legitimate miliarty target

true

under the ethics of virtue philosophy, its possible to have an excess of honor, truth, or shame

true

this citizen is making the ____ argument against the policy

universality

The warden considers covering up the situation with the rational that it is ethical to sacrifice the well being of a few officers to protect the repetition of the entire institution this would be an application of the what viewpoint

utilitarian

Generally undercover actions are analyzed

utilitarianism

The judge rejects your motion to prevent their weapon from being used in trial she agreed that technically the warrant did not specifically included the area of the woodpile but feels that the minor violation was not worth taking the chance that the prosecutor might end up losing the case and her view society is better served by allowing the weapon to be used as evidence then it would be if the defendant is allowed to go free this decision represents which ethical belief

utilitarianism

if her prupose waas rehabilitate sam so that the community would benefit be removing his need to commite crimes, this would be considered?

utilitarianism

in america, state, federal, and local government have enacted laws to protect forest from destruction. through these laws, the overall community is protected, even though individuals may be negatively affected. by meeting the needs of the overall community, these laws exhibit:

utilitarianism

the tendency to ignore contrary evidence or overstate existing evidence when investigaors believe they have the guilty part is a likely practice of

utilitarians

which of the following might not be included in the discusiion regarding the ethics of defense attorneys?

whether to take gratuities

under the doctrine of "command responsibility"

you are responsible for war crimes committed by your soldiers.