Criminal Justice Final

Which Amendment prohibits unreasonable searches and seizures?

4th Amendment

Nationwide, approximately what percentage of inmates successfully complete parole?

61%

General conditions of probation

Apply to all probationers in a given jurisdiction

Which of the following is a characteristic of restorative justice?

Crime has individual and social dimensions of responsibility.

Which of the following is a form of structured sentencing?

Determinate sentencing

Which goal of sentencing focuses on separating offenders from society to reduce opportunities for further criminality?

Incapacitation

Which sentencing model tends to involve the greatest amount of judicial discretion?

Indeterminate sentencing

is an early release option under which an inmate who is deemed "low risk," due to a serious health condition is released from prison earlier than he or she might have been under normal circumstances?

Medical parole

What is the most common form of criminal sentencing in the US today?

Probation

Which of the following is considered a disadvantage of probation and parole?

Relative lack of punishment

hearings determine whether parolees have violated the conditions of their parole

Revocation

Which intermediate sanction resembles a military-style boot camp?

Shock incarceration

Under the indeterminate sentencing model, what is the primary determinant of the amount of time served?

The inmate's behavior while incarcerated

Proportionality means that

There should be a direct relationship between the severity of the sanctions and the seriousness of the crime.

How are federal district court judges selected?

They are appointed by the President with the consent of the Senate

The keeps order in the courtroom and announces the judge's entry to the courtroom.

bailiff

Probation is ordered by the

court

The intentional use of a firearm or other instrument resulting in a high probability of death is known as

deadly force.

General deterrence attempts to

discourage potential offenders from committing crimes.

According to ________, any evidence that derives from an illegal search and seizure may be declared tainted and excluded from trial.

exclusionary rule

A sentence of 8 to 15 years in prison is an example of ________ sentencing.

indeterminate

Parole boards make decisions regarding ________ parole.

mandatory

According to the Supreme Court in the case of Morrissey v. Brewer, procedural safeguards are required at

parole revocation hearings.

The special responsibility to adhere to moral duty and obligation that is inherent in police work is called

police ethics.

Federal sentencing guidelines

provide a range of punishments for a specific crime.

The just deserts model of sentencing emphasizes

retribution