CS548 QnA1

What is the purpose of the SS7 protocol in a public switched telephone network?

The SS7 protocol is a means by which elements of the telephone network convey information. It is a protocol for signaling.

What is broadband?

The term 'broadband' refers to a type of internet connection that can receive and send a large amount of data in a very short period. A broadband connection, by definition, should enable the end-user to download / view internet content (websites, pictures, videos and music) without lengthy delay.

True or False. The network layer is where routing is implemented, enabling connections and path selection between (2) end systems.

True

What are the five layers of the TCP/IP protocol stack (in order)?

Physical, Data Link, Network, Transport, Application

What are the seven layers of the OSI network model (in order)?

Physical, Data Link, Network, Transport, Session, Presentation, Application

Name three advantages of using optical fiber over using copper wire for data transmission.

greater capacity, smaller size, lighter weight, lower attenuation, electromagnetic isolation, greater repeater spacing

True or False. The data link layer is responsible for converting data packets from data link into electrical signals.

False

What type of multiplexing is used by radio stations to prevent interference with each other?

Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM)

Which layer specifies voltage, wire speed and moves bits between devices?

Physical

What download and upload speeds are the minimums required to be broadband by the FCC?

25 Mbps download and 3 Mbps upload

What is MTU?

A maximum transmission unit (MTU) is the largest size packet or frame, specified in octets (eight-bit bytes), that can be sent in a packet- or frame-based network such as the Internet. The Internet's Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) uses the MTU to determine the maximum size of each packet in any transmission. - Communication interfaces such as NIC, serial port are associated with MTU parameters. MTU might be a fixed unit as per Ethernet recommended standards. Higher band-width efficiency is achieved with a higher MTU.

What is MAC address?

A media access control address (MAC address) of a device is a unique identifier assigned to network interface controllers for communications at the data link layer of a network segment. It is associated with the Network Interface Card and assigned at the time of manufacturing. The length MAC address can be stated as 12-digit/ 6 bytes/ 48 bits. Typing ipconfig/all in the command prompt gives us the MAC address of our system.

What is the difference between CSMA/CD and CSMA/CA?

CSMA/CD, or Collision Detect, retransmits data frames whenever a collision occurred. CSMA/CA, or Collision Avoidance, will first broadcast intent to send prior to data transmission.

What is the difference between Circuit Switching and Packet Switching?

Circuit Switching Packet Switching 1. In circuit switching there are three phases: 1. Connection Establishment. 2. Data Transfer. 3. Connection Released. In Packet switching direct data transfer takes place. 2. In circuit switching, each data unit knows the entire path address which is provided by the source In Packet switching, each data unit just knows the final destination address and intermediate path is decided by the routers. 3. In Circuit switching, data is processed at source system only. In Circuit switching, data is processed at source system only. 4. Delay between data units in circuit switching is uniform. Delay between data units in circuit switching is uniform. 5. Delay between data units in circuit switching is uniform. There is no resource reservation because bandwidth is shared among users.

What advantage does a circuit-switch network have over a packet switched network?

Circuit switched network can guarantee a certain amount of end to end bandwidth for the duration of the call/data session.

Which of the following physical medias can ethernet signal NOT be transmitted over? a. CAT-5 cable b. Coaxial Cable c. Fiber Optic Cable d. None of the Above e. c and b only

D

What is DNS?

DNS stands for Domain Name system. It is a server which translates web addresses or URL into their corresponding IP addresses which eliminates the need to remember all the IP addresses of each website. The command nslookup gives the IP address of the domain one is looking for. This also provides the information of the DNS Server.

What advantage does TDM have over FDM in a circuit switched network?

Each slot gets the same bandwidth but in revolving time slot.

How many pins are specified in the RJ-45 connector specification for an ethernet cable?

Eight pins

Is HFC transmission dedicated or Shared among users? Are collisions possible in an HFC downstream channel?

HFC BW is shared among users. on the downstream channel, all data originate from the head end and hence there are no collisions.

What are some drawbacks of implementing a ring topology?

If one workstation on the network suffers a malfunction, it can bring down the entire network. Another drawback is that when there are adjustments and reconfigurations needed to be performed on a part of the network, the entire network must be temporarily brought down as well.

What advantages does fiber optics have over other media?

One major advantage of fiber optics is that is it less susceptible to electrical interference. It also supports higher bandwidth, meaning more data can be transmitted and received. Signal degrading is also very minimal over long distances

What is SS7?

SS7 refers to a global standard for telecommunications for channel signaling. The Common Channel Signaling System (SS7 / C7) standard defines various procedures and protocols for Public Switch Switched Telephone Network to exchange information over digital signaling network.

What transmission mode is used by a broadcast television station?

Simplex

What are the differences between the OSI/ISO and TCP/IP reference models?

TCP/IP - The App layer handles the session and presentation taks as opposed to having the need for session and presentation layers as offered in the OSI/ISO reference models. Moreover, the Physical and Datalink layers in integrated under Host to host in TCP/IP.

Why does the TCP/IP protocol stack have two fewer layers than the OSI network model?

The OSI network model was developed theoretically while the TCP/IP protocol stack is the practical implementation. The functionality of the two missing layers is included in neighboring layers.

How fast is broadband?

While there are many different opinions on what data transfer rates should be labelled as broadband, the generally accepted minimum speed of a broadband internet connection is approximately 256 kbps.

Which of the following reasons isn't a factor why digital is better than analog? a. Immunity to distortion and interference b. Multiplexing flexibility c. Stability to hardware changes due to componenet aging, noise surge and heat d. efficient and reliable reproduction e. None of the above.

e

List some of the advantages wireless transmission

easy and inexpensive to deploy, allows mobility, and naturally supports broadcast

What is the equation for a time-varying sin wave given amplitude, frequency, and phase?

s(t) = A sin(2*pi*f*t + phi) or s(t) = A sin (2*pi*t/T + phi) where A is amplitude, f is frequency, T is period, t is time, and phi is phase