CSAD 320 - Exam 2 Practice
A spirometer measures...
Lung volume
Which statement best describes lung volume when Pa < PB?
Lung volume is high
During vegetative breathing, the inspiratory phase may be close to what percentage inspiration and what percentage expiration?
40% inspiration & 60% expiration
The inverse relationship between pressure and volume of a gas is described as:
Boyle's Law
T/F Body posture has no effect on vital capacity during speech production.
False
T/F Breathing patterns are not influenced by the age of the speaker or the type of speech act.
False
T/F You should have a client repeat /a/ to measure alveolar pressure.
False; /PIPIPIPIPI/
T/F Children (2-4) tend to be most efficient with their speech breathing.
False; 10 years
T/F At 5 years, speech breathing is essentially adult-like.
False; 10 years of age
T/F When an individual on a ventilator is using speech breathing, the percentage of vital capacity used is 90% inspiration and 10% expiration.
False; 50% inhalation and 50% exhalation
T/F Speech breathing tends to occur at 85% of vital capacity.
False; 60%
T/F 3cm H2O lung pressures will generate conversational speech.
False; 6cm H2O
T/F Alveolar pressure is high compared to barometric pressure during vegetative breathing. This phase of breathing best describes inhalation.
False; Exhalation Pressure Pa > PB
T/F Pleural linkage is pulling the lung lobes inferiorly and transversely away from midline (i.e., lungs are expanding). This pressure-volume relationship best describes this is Pa = PB.
False; Pa < PB
T/F Whispered speech is a type of activity that could be occurring when alveolar pressure is 6cm H2O.
False; between 3-4cm H2O
T/F Functional residual capacity is the most useful for speech-language pathologists.
False; inspiratory capacity
T/F Vegetative breathing requires active and passive forces during exhalation.
False; just passive
T/F Expansion of the lungs is achieved by expansion of the thoracic cavity. The lungs are connected to the thoracic cavity by the ribs.
False; lungs expand by pleural linkage
T/F The number of words or syllables that are spoken on one exhalation is called the word-syllable ratio.
False; phrase-breath group
T/F There are active forces occurring when Pa = PB?
False; there are no forces ocurring
T/F The volume of air that is exchanged during typical breathing is called residual volume.
False; tidal volume
T/F You are using residual volume when you finish your breath phrase during typical speech breathing.
False; tidal volume
What type of forces are occurring when Pa < PB during vegetative breathing?
Passive & Active
What active forces are occurring when Pa < PB?
Pleural linkage increases lung volume & the external intercostals contract
What passive forces are needed for vegetative inhalation?
Plural linkage
This tool senses airflow both in and out by recording the air pressure differences across a resistant screen.
Pneumotachometer
T/F Activation of the internal intercostal muscles slow down exhalation during speech breathing.
True
T/F Alveolar pressure of 0cm H2O does not indicate that there is an absence of pressure in the lungs.
True
T/F During speech breathing, we do not breathe deep into our IRV and ERVs
True
T/F Running speech activities do not require expiratory reserve volume during exhalation.
True
T/F Sarcoidosis is an example of an organic breathing disorder.
True
T/F The correct equation for Boyle's law is PV = K.
True
T/F The goal of vegetative breathing is to sustain life.
True
T/F The lungs expand in the superior-inferior direction and transversely during inhalation.
True
T/F The mechanics of breathing stay the same when speech breathing overrides vegetative breathing.
True
T/F There are no active forces present during vegetative exhalation.
True
T/F There is no known physical cause for functional breathing disorders.
True
T/F We never use residual volume during speech breathing.
True
T/F You cannot use residual volume to forcefully exhale.
True
T/F Breathing for speech requires unequal inhalation & exhalations. What %s?
True; 10% inhalation & 90% exhalation
Sounds that are produced upon exhalation are called:
Egressive
T/F Breathing patterns have no effect on prosody and language.
False
T/F Air flows from high pressure to low pressure.
True
T/F Pressures are never balanced during resting lung volume.
False
What muscles are active during speech inhalation?
Abdomen, Intercostals, Diaphragm
Which inspiratory muscles are active during speech inhalation?
Diaphragm
During vegetative inhalation, what active forces increase lung volume?
Diaphragm Contraction