Database Basics
Columns
Named elements of a table that store specific types of data.
NoSQL
Non-relational systems optimized for big data.
Data
Numeric, textual, visual, or audio information that describes real-world systems.
Relational Data Structure
Organizes data in tables with columns and rows.
Physical Design
Phase of database design that adds indexes and specifies how tables are organized on storage media.
Logical Design
Phase of database design that implements requirements in a specific database system.
Analysis
Phase of database design that specifies database requirements.
Database Administrator
Responsible for securing the database system and enforcing user access procedures.
Data Query Language
Retrieves data from the database.
Relational Operations
Select, Project, Product, Join, Union, Intersect, Difference, Rename, and Aggregate.
Rows
Sequences of values in a table that represent individual data entries.
Open Source
Software that anyone can inspect, copy, and modify with no licensing fee.
Database Application
Software that helps business users interact with database systems.
Database System
Software that reads and writes data in a database, ensuring data security, consistency, and availability.
Database Design
Specification of database objects such as tables, columns, data types, and indexes.
INSERT
Statement that adds rows to a table.
CREATE DATABASE
Statement that creates a new database.
DROP DATABASE
Statement that deletes a database.
DELETE
Statement that deletes existing rows in a table.
UPDATE
Statement that modifies existing rows in a table.
SHOW
Statement that provides information about databases, tables, and columns.
USE
Statement that selects a default database for use in subsequent SQL statements.
SQL
Structured Query Language, a standard language for relational databases.
Tables
Structures that organize data in a database.
File Systems
Text files or spreadsheets used to manage small databases shared by one or two users.
Performance
The ability of a database system to maintain fast response times.
Scope
The amount of data produced and collected.
Access
The availability of data sources, whether private or publicly available.
Architecture
The internal components and relationships between components of a database system.
Authorization
The process of granting or denying access to specific data based on user privileges.
Recovery
The process of restoring a database to a consistent state after a failure.
Security
The protection of data against unauthorized access or modification.
Referential Integrity
The requirement that foreign key values must either be NULL or match some value of the referenced primary key.
Format
The way data is produced, such as numbers, text, image, audio, or video.
Storage Manager
Translates query processor instructions into low-level file-system commands that modify or retrieve data.
Relational Rules
Unique primary key, unique column names, and no duplicate rows.
Programming
Writing database programs using SQL combined with a general-purpose programming language.
Database
A collection of data in a structured format.
Relational Model
A conceptual framework for database systems based on set theory.
Database User
A consumer of data in a database.
Relational Database
A database that stores data in tables, columns, and rows, similar to a spreadsheet.
Catalog
A directory of tables, columns, indexes, and other database objects.
Log
A file containing a complete record of all inserts, updates, and deletes processed by the database.
MySQL Workbench
A graphical user interface for interacting with MySQL Server.
Transaction
A group of queries that must be either completed or rejected as a whole.
Structured Query Language
A high-level computer language for storing, manipulating, and retrieving data.
MySQL
A popular relational database system.
Query
A request to retrieve or change data in a database.
Query Language
A specialized programming language designed for database systems.
MySQL Command-Line Client
A text interface for connecting to the MySQL Server, performing administrative functions, and executing SQL statements.
Foreign Keys
Columns that refer to a primary key in another table.
Primary Keys
Columns used to identify a row in a table.
SQL Syntax
Composed of operators, expressions, literals, keywords, identifiers, and comments.
Rules
Constraints that ensure data consistency and integrity.
Data Control Language
Controls database user access.
Metadata
Data about the database, such as column names and the number of rows in each table.
Data Definition Language
Defines the structure of the database.
Database Designer
Determines the format of each data element and the overall database structure.
Database Programmer
Develops computer programs that utilize a database.
Transaction Manager
Ensures transactions are properly executed and restores the database in the event of a failure.
Database Models
Hierarchical, Network, Relational, Object, Graph, and Document.
Relational Systems
Ideal for databases that require an accurate record of every transaction.
Query Processor
Interprets queries, creates a plan to modify the database or retrieve data, and returns query results.
Data Transaction Language
Manages database transactions.
Data Manipulation Language
Manipulates data stored in the database.
