Davis ?s Module 4

The nurse is teaching about the pathophysiology of tuberculosis (TB). Which statement made is correct? "Destruction of the lung tissue occurs in the patient during granuloma formation." "Pleuritic chest pain is the result of the sputum present." "The unexplained weight loss is due to the destruction of lung tissue." "Micro bleeds are the result of the collection of white blood cells in an attempt to wall off the infection."

"Destruction of the lung tissue occurs in the patient during granuloma formation."

The nurse is teaching about the epidemiology of tuberculosis (TB). Which statements indicated the need for further teaching? Select all that apply. "Tuberculosis (TB) is present in foreign-born individuals." "Low socioeconomic groups are the most affected." "The most affected age groups vary from 40 to 60 years old." "About half of the HIV-infected population in the United States is affected by Mycobacterium tuberculosis." "Individuals with AIDS are the most prone to TB."

"The most affected age groups vary from 40 to 60 years old." "About half of the HIV-infected population in the United States is affected by Mycobacterium tuberculosis."

The nurse is identifying the risk factors for a patient developing a pulmonary embolism. Which factor places the patient at the highest risk? Dehydration Immobility A deep vein thrombosis (DVT) Coagulation disorders

A deep vein thrombosis (DVT)

The nurse is assessing a patient with tuberculosis (TB). Which best describes the gas exchange in the patient? Alteration in gas exchange related to necrosis of lung tissue Alteration in comfort: pain related to pleurisy Risk for fluid volume deficit related to insensible losses from fever and tachypnea Alteration in gas exchange: decreased related to impaired alveolar-capillary interface

Alteration in gas exchange related to necrosis of lung tissue

Which safety measures followed by the nurse when caring for a patient with suspected tuberculosis (TB) infection can cause the spread of pathogens to other individuals? Keeping the patient isolated in a private room with negative airflow Donning an N95 mask respirator when entering the patient's private room Instructing the visitors to wear a snug-fitting surgical mask when entering the patient's private room Ensuring that the patient leaves the negative pressure room connected to a SPO2 probe

Ensuring that the patient leaves the negative pressure room connected to a SPO2 probe

The nurse is teaching a family about the reasons why someone has a pulmonary embolism. What should the nurse include with the teaching? Select all that apply. Fat Thrombus Tumor Amniotic fluid Air

Fat Thrombus Tumor Amniotic fluid Air

What finding would suggest a clot is present in the lungs? High-ventilation with high-perfusion High-ventilation with low-perfusion Low-ventilation with high-perfusion Low-ventilation with low-perfusion

High-ventilation with low-perfusion

Which nursing intervention should be considered a priority when caring for a patient with tuberculosis (TB) infection? Conducting a Mantoux Tuberculin skin test as prescribed Isolating the patient in a private room with negative airflow Conducting a chest x-ray per order of the provider Administering first-line antitubercular medications as prescribed

Isolating the patient in a private room with negative airflow

Which is true regarding primary progressive TB infection (PPTBI)? It may develop in individuals who are exposed to bacterium. It may mean that the first-line medications used for the treatment of TB will be ineffective. It is often asymptomatic and is only confirmed by positive sputum cultures and a positive skin test. It is only when the immune system becomes compromised that the disease can become reactivated.

It may develop in individuals who are exposed to bacterium.

Which classification of tuberculosis (TB) infection can be caused by primary or secondary spread? Multidrug-resistant TB Latent TB infection Primary TB infection Primary progressive TB infection

Multidrug-resistant TB

The nurse is caring for a patient that is 80 years old, obese, and confused with a fractured hip from a fall. The patient's hemoglobin is 7.9 g/dL. The patient's history includes smoking 1 pack per day, drinking 3 beers a day, and breast cancer 3 years ago. Which are risk factors for the development of a deep vein thrombosis (DVT)? Anemia, smoking Confusion, cancer history Obesity, fracture Drinking, age

Obesity, fracture

The nurse is caring for a patient with many risks for the development of a blood clot. Which laboratory test helps to validate that one is present? Negative D-dimer Positive D-dimer Elevated hematocrit Elevated hemoglobin

Positive D-dimer

The nurse is assessing a patient who has developed orthopnea and rales. On further investigation, the nurse finds that the patient often coughs up rust-colored sputum. The patient also has night sweats and weight loss. Which kind of tuberculosis (TB) does the nurse expect the patient to be diagnosed with in this situation? Latent TB infection (LTBI) Multidrug-resistant TB (MDR TB) Primary progressive TB infection (PPTBI) Primary TB infection (PTBI)

Primary progressive TB infection (PPTBI)

Which condition occurs when a circulating clot moves through the heart to the lungs, blocking an artery supplying blood to the lungs? Aortic aneurysm Virchow's triad Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) Pulmonary embolism

Pulmonary embolism

The patient with a deep vein thrombosis develops sudden shortness of breath and difficulty breathing. After performing an assessment and applying oxygen, the nurse contacts the provider for further tests. What diagnostic test should the nurse request to determine if this is a pulmonary thrombosis? Chest x-ray Electrocardiogram Spiral computed tomography scan Venous ultrasound

Spiral computed tomography scan

A patient has a positive D-dimer and has just returned from a positive spiral CT scan. What vital sign changes should the nurse anticipate? Select all that apply. Tachycardia Hypotension Hyperthermia Hypoventilation Hypoxia

Tachycardia Hypotension Hyperthermia Hypoxia

Which is the main cause of blood tinged, rust-colored sputum in a patient suffering from tuberculosis (TB)? The destruction of lung parenchyma tissue The inflammatory process of the lungs Decreased pH and increased carbon dioxide (CO2) Tachypnea and tachycardia

The destruction of lung parenchyma tissue