DC BIO Chapter 5
Simple diffusion of molecules occurs
in non-living systems as well as living systems
The figure below represents a metabolic pathway, what happens if enzyme2 is defective and nonfunctional
substrate y would not be metabolized
The second law of thermodynamics states that all energy transformations results in more
the energy taken in as food is eventually converted into heat energy
Pickles are often preserved in a 20-30% salt solution called brine. How does this method prevent contamination by microorganisms?
Bacteria can't survive in a hypertonic solution because they lose water
Which of the following is an example of osmosis?
Cells of our kidneys reabsorb water to prevent it from all leaving through our urine.
When a car burns gasoline, much of the energy is in the form of heat as the car is driven. Which of the following best describes this in relation to the first law of thermodynamics?
Energy can be changed from one form to another
In the set-up shown in the figure below, which of the following statements would describe what would be observed after 12 hours of time have elapsed?
The level of the solution in the tube would rise because there are now more dissolved solutes in the tube than the beaker
Which of the following is best associated with a coupled reaction
The metabolic reaction requires energy from ATP
The concentration of calcium in a cell is 3%. The concentration of calcium in the surrounding fluid is 1%. How could the cell obtain more calcium?
active transport
Which of these words does not belong with the rest as it relates to concentration gradient
active transport
Osmosis includes
both the diffusion of water and a semi-permeable membrane
What prevents a plant cell from bursting in a hypotonic solution
cell wall
Molecules move from greater to lesser concentration through a transport protein in
facilitated diffusion
Energy of activation
is the energy required for molecules to react with each other
When a cell is in a solution where the concentration of solute is the same in the cell as in the solution, the solution is called
isotonic
A white blood cell surrounds and engulfs a worn-out blood cell, forming a vesicle around the red blood cell. This process is called
phagocytosis
The opposite of a turgid plant cell is a
plasmolyzed plant cell
Why do metabolic pathways require tens to hundreds of different enzymes?
Each enzyme has a specific substrate and produces a specific product
