DEP Chapter 8
Based on statistics, which of the following 16-year-olds is most likely to die as the result of natural causes?
Mae, who is an African American female
On which point would Kohlberg and Gilligan agree?
Moral reasoning develops across distinct stages
Lindsey is hesitant about letting her teenage daughter Davenport participate in sports because she has heard that most youth who participate in sports end up injured. What is the most accurate assessment of Lindsey's thoughts?
She is fairly incorrect because about 15 percent of young athletes are injured and require medical attention.
Which statement concerning the timing of puberty in males and females is true?
The onset of menarche in females typically occurs around the same time as the onset of spermarche in males.
From whom would you expect the biggest gains in height and weight over the next three years?
Tina, who is 11 years old
The defining characteristic of bulimia nervosa involves
a binge-purge eating pattern a distorted body image
The statement, "The center of the Earth must be made of pudding because no one has shown that it is not" represents a(n) _____ argument.
ad ignorantiam
The two general types of physical development associated with puberty include
bodily changes and sexual maturation.
Dontee is a typical teenager. Research has indicated that the moodiness that he is exhibiting is most likely due to
changes in social settings and activities.
When Nicholas and Sanjay are debating whether or not to steal a cool car they just found, Nicholas says, "It's wrong to steal the car because there are laws against stealing, and no one is above the law." This type of thinking best fits with Kohlberg's _____ level of moral thinking.
conventional
Preconventional moral reasoning is based on ____ forces.
external
In Kohlberg's model, stage three moral reasoning involves universal ethical principles.
false
Interpersonal norms are found at Kohlberg's postconventional level of moral reasoning.
false
Moral reasoning based on social contracts is best identified with Kohlberg's ____ stage of moral reasoning.
fifth
In the United States, the most popular participation sport for adolescent boys is ____ and the most popular participation sport for girls is ____.
football; track and field
Kohlberg proposed that stages of moral reasoning
form an invariant sequence.
Menarche is best described as the onset of
menstruation
According to Kohlberg's model of moral reasoning,
morality based on following rules to maintain social order is superior to that based on nice behaviors being exchanged for future favors.
A person in the first stage of preconventional moral reasoning relies heavily on ____ when making a moral judgment.
obedience to authority
Postconventional moral thinking is characterized by judgments made according to a(n)
personal code of behavior.
When considering the Heinz dilemma, Jefferson says, "You cannot justify theft, because if you do, it will lead to social anarchy." This statement best matches the logic of someone at Kohlberg's ____ level of moral development.
postconventional
When considering whether or not to be nice to a classmate, Nora says, "If I am nice to Jones, he might give me his cookie at lunch." This type of logic best exemplifies thinking at Kohlberg's ____ stage of moral reasoning.
second
In Kohlberg's ____ stage of moral development, principles like compassion and justice come to underlie moral decision making.
sixth
According to Kohlberg,
the reason underlying a moral decision is more important than the action taken.
The phrase "good girl and good boy" is best associated with Kohlberg's ____ stage of moral thinking.
third
In a group of normally developing 18- to 20-year-olds, the greatest percentage would be operating at stage ____ of moral reasoning.
three
The adolescent brain tends to have more mature pleasure-seeking systems and less advanced ability to deliberately control one's behavior.
true
The onset of puberty can be influenced by one's social environment.
true
Ashley is an anorexic girl who has lost significant weight yet refuses to seek any treatment. This is a potentially life-threatening decision, as about ____ percent of adolescents in her situation die of symptoms related to the eating disorder.
15, 35
Which is a defining characteristic of anorexia nervosa?
An irrational fear of being overweight
Which measure would be used to determine whether a child is overweight?
BMI
Which statement is true?
During puberty, estrogen and androgens are released at different levels in adolescent males and females.
Which best describes the early menstrual cycles of a typical teenage female?
Irregular and without ovulation
Which teenager is at the greatest risk for developing anorexia or bulimia?
Ivy, who has pica
Who is experiencing the first indicator of the onset of puberty in males?
Joe, whose testes have started to grow
In the Victor Hugo story Les Misérables, a character named Valjean steals a loaf of bread to feed a starving child. How would psychologist Lawrence Kohlberg describe this act?
Kohlberg would argue that the act of theft is not in and of itself immoral, depending on the rationale for the theft.
