Dermis

hair root

portion of hair deep to the shaft penetrating the dermis.

shaft

portion of hair that projects from the skin surface. straight hair has a round shaft.

nail body

portion of the nail that is visible.

Stratum correum

20 to 30 dead, flat keratinocytes, superficial layer of epidermis, protects us from underlying structures such has bacterias, and viruses.

Melanocytes

8 percent of the epidermal cells. produces melanin. contributes to skin color and absorbs UV light.

Keratinocytes

90 percent of all epidermal cells are keratinized. contains keratin. protects and water proofs the skin.

Langerhan cells

Arise from red bone marrow and migrate to the epidermis. constitute small portion of epidermal cells. participate in immune responses. easily damaged by UV light.

Hypodermis

Attached skin to underlying organs and tissues.

Stratum lucidum

Clear. Thick skin on fingertips, soles, plantars, and palmars.

Reticular region

Provides skin with strength and elstasticity.

Papillary region

Superficial portion of the dermis. Consists of areolar connective tissue containing elastic fiber.

Integument system functions

Temp regulation, protection, cutaneous sensation, exertion and absorption, and metabolic functions.

Stratum spinosum

Thorn like. Five layers of keratinocytes.

medulla

contains pigment granules and air spaces.

lunula

crescent shaped area of the nail.

hair root plexus

dendrites of neurons that are sensitive to the touch.

Stratum basale

for reproduction.

bulb

houses the papilla which contains the blood vessels that nourishes the growing hair follicle.

Merkel cells

least numerous of the epidermal cells. found in the deepest layer of the epidermis. along with tactile discs, they function in sensation of touch.

free edge

part that extends past the distal end of the digit.

Dermis

middle layer and thicker. Vascular containing blood vessels.

cortex

middle layer. in dark hair covers pigment. in gray or white hair contains air bubbles.

cuticle

outer layer. heavily keritanized cells that like like shingles.

matrix

responsible for hair growth and produces new hair.

Eccrine sweat glands

secretes cooling sweat. directly onto the skin. begins to function soon after birth. Sweat is composed of 98 percent of water and two percent of dissolved salts, nitrogenous wastes, such as uric acid.

Appocrine glands

simulated during emotional stress and excitement. secretes into hair follicle.begins to function at puberty. more viscous. cold sweat. lipids and proteins.

Ceruminous

sweat glands of the external ear. Or you can call it earwax. It is the combo of secretion of ceremonious and sebaceous glands.