Dev. Psych. Exam 2 Study Questions

Among adolescents, placement into a foster care group home is associated with...

greater delinquency

Over the course of adolescence, relationships among siblings become more egalitarian but ____ distant and ____ emotionally intense.

more; less

Although Suyin's parents divorced seven years ago, the counselor at school attributes Suyin's poor school performance and delinquent behavior to the divorce. This counselor is probably referring to the...

sleeper effect of divorce

What are postfigurative cultures most likely to have in common?

technology that advances slowly

Which of the following is an accurate statement about stereotyping adolescents?

the more parents believe in the stereotype of adolescents as difficult, the more they expect their child to conform to it

The fact that most books for parenting of teenagers tend to focus on the problems instead of normative development is concerning because...

the more parents believe in the stereotypes, the worse their relationships with their teenagers become

Students in integrated classrooms who compare themselves to high-achieving peers often feel________ about themselves. The term________ is used for this phenomenon.

worse; big fish-little pond effect

The get-tough approach to dealing with violence in schools that has been hotly debated among researchers is known as the...

zero-tolerance approach

Decha's teacher is concerned about him because he is passive and indifferent to new experiences and shows little intellectual curiosity. He also shows signs of developing low self-esteem. based on Baumrind's classification of parents' styles, Decha's parents are most likely...

Authoritarian

The average school year in the United States is ____ days long.

180

Today, the typical student attends more than ____ of each school term.

90%

Specific learning disabilities are ____. Examples are ____ (impaired ability in reading or spelling), ____(impaired ability in handwriting), and ____ (impaired ability in arithmetic).

Common; dyslexia; dysgraphia; dyscalculia

Which of the following teenagers is statistically most likely to be homeless?

Desiree, a 14-year-old Black, transgender girl

The major characteristics of a good school include which of the following?

Is integrated into the community (with local colleges or businesses, for example)

Dr. Denny wants to provide the best education opportunities for all the students in her high school. As school principal, which of these actions should she take?

Keep remedial classes, small, but allows some other classes to have as many as 40 students

The following students were initially placed in a low track. Who does research suggest is most likely to be moved to a higher track?

Sarah, a White adolescent

Which of these is the most accurate way to describe the psychosocial impact of a peer group on adolescents?

Teenagers' psychological problems can come from problems with peers and can cause problems with peers

Mitch organizes a party for about 20 of his classmates who are all interested in theater, and they all watch a recording of the musical The Phantom of the Opera. This group of teenagers, who don't always hang out together but share common interest, would most appropriately be labeled...

a crowd

The process of grouping individuals within social institutions on the basis of chronological age is called ____.

age grading

The main reason that reactive aggression is associated with unpopularity and greater problems with peers is that reactive aggression is characterized by a combination of...

aggression and poor emotion regulation or lack of social skills

Which of the following statements about secondary schools is true?

almost all American 17- and 18-year-olds are enrolled in school

Many adults incorrectly believe that cyberbullying is usually ____.

anonymous

Tamari's father has absolute standards and expects Tamari to conform to them without exception. If she disobeys he generally punished her and sees no reason why he should explain his rules to Tamari. Instead, his response is, "I'm the father, and I love you. I know what's best for you." Her father is best described as having what kind of parenting style?

authoritarian

Which of the following parenting styles is most closely associated with overall psychological competence?

authoritative

You are a psychologist treating Martina, a middle school student who is popular among classmates despite being a bully. What types of behavior would you expect to see in her?

calculated, pre-planned aggression

During the 1920s in the United States, the ____ was especially designed to meet the needs of a diverse and growing population of young people.

comprehensive high school

Jesse has just married a woman who has two adolescent daughters. These children will adjust best fi Jesse established which of the following types of discipline?

consistent

When siblings are treated differently by parents, research shows that they are likely to...

get along better because they feel unique

A crowd member who has less social capital and who is a really nice, thoughtful, and funny person is most likely...

high in sociometric popularity but low in perceived popularity

Self-esteem is ____ among students who are identified with peer groups that have relatively high status in their school.

higher

Over the period of adolescence, individuals' perspectives change. Research indicates that one manifestation of this change in perspective is an ____ in adolescents' willingness to lie to their parents.

increase

Max tells his friends that his mother is a "real marshmallow" who does whatever he wants and never enforces the rules she tries to set. If Max's statement is true, his mother's parenting style is best characterized as...

indulgent

Brown developed a scheme for mapping crowds using which two dimensions?

involvement in adult institutions; involvement in peer culture

How does crowd structure change over the course of adolescence?

it becomes less hierarchical

Although Chris is significantly delayed developmentally, he goes to a general education school. He takes classes in social studies, music and physical education with the general education students, and he goes to special education classes to learn about reading and arithmetic. This situation is an example of...

mainstreaming

An adolescent's closest friends are almost always members of the same clique and...

may sometimes belong to different crowds

Lyna attends a school with seventh and eighth graders as well as adolescents who are a year or two younger. This type of education institution is called a...

middle or junior high school

Adolescents tend to perceive their mothers as ____ than their fathers.

more controlling

According to Brown's (2004) study of crowds in high school, what fraction of adolescents do not fit clearly into any crowd?

one-sixth

Which of the following statements about parents of adolescents is true?

parent's mental health is worse when their teenage children are living at home

Keiko, a ninth-grader, was mad at Cherise for spilling juice on Keiko's shirt. Keiko spread a rumor that Cherise had gossiped about her friends. Keiko is using ____ to express her anger toward Cherise

relational aggression

Spending time with family helps adolescents develop a sense of ____, while spending time with peers helps them develop ____.

responsibility; intimacy

Which has a greater effect on students' scholastic achievement: school size or class size?

school size

Ms. Adamson believes that junior high school students are daydreamers at best and disrespectful at worst. Her students notice her attitude and therefore do not work that hard in her class, figuring that there is little chance of pleasing her. Their grades are lower than the grades of comparable students who have other teachers. What would a psychologist call this phenomenon?

self-fulfilling prophecy

Adolescents often judge keeping one's room clean and style of dress as matters of personal choice, whereas parents tend to judge these issues as matters of...

social convention

The addition of socioemotional learning to school curriculum was designed to stimulate the growth of...

social skills, self-reliance, and self-managment

Which of the following is true of cofigurative cultures?

society changes so quickly that much of what children learn from their parents becomes obsolete by the time they reach adulthood

Which of these would you expect to find in a cofigurative society?

study groups in which young people and adults work together to learn technology skills

The fact that most books for parents of teenagers tend to focus on the problems instead of normative development is concerning because...

the more parents believe in the stereotypes, the worse their relationships with their teenagers become

According to research, which statement is true about the signs that a student will commit an act of lethal violence?

the tendency toward lethal violence is almost impossible to detect in adolescents

Mallory and Malakai are sister and brother. They have grown up together in the same family, just one year apart in age, but they have very different personalities. Which of the following offers the best explanation for this?

they have had different perceptions of similar experiences

The determinants of sociometric popularity are ____, whereas the determinants of perceived popularity are ____.

things like social skills, friendliness, and sense of humor; highly variable