DHN 101 Exam #2 (Ch. 5-7)

In the body, lipids are used to make minerals. provide energy. stimulate the production of vitamins. are necessary for the absorption of dietary fiber.

provide energy

Lydia thinks she is 6-weeks pregnant. While she was at a party, she _____, because she did not want to endanger the embryo that was developing inside her body. limited her alcohol intake to one shot of liquor refused all alcoholic beverages consumed only dry red wines drank only a few beers

refused all alcoholic beverages

Leona is making lemon pudding from "scratch." Her ingredients include fat-free milk, corn starch, lemon juice, egg yolks, salt, sugar, and butter. When she added some of the ingredients together, little clumps formed in the mixture before she could heat it. What happened to those ingredients? The acid in the lemon juice denatured the milk proteins. The corn starch deaminated the lactose in the milk. The salt activated the sugar after being mixed with the egg yolks. The cholesterol in the raw egg yolks reacted with the butter.

the acid in the lemon juice denatured the milk proteins

Kcal from carbohydrate = 120 32 72 56

120 30 g carbohydrate X 4 kcal/g = 120 kcal from carbohydrate

Sarah consumes approximately 2000 kcal/day. According to recommendations of the Dietary Guidelines (2010), she should limit her saturated fat intake to fewer than ____ kcal/day 450 350 250 200

200

Kcal from protein = 120 72 56 32

32 8 g protein X 4 kcal/g = 32 kcal from protein

Marcus has decided to reduce his fat intake to gradually lose some excess body fat. If he follows an 1,800 kcal/day diet and maintains his percentage of fat intake within the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range, how many grams of fat per day should he consume? 47-82 grams of fat per day 40-75 grams of fat per day 360-630 grams of fat per day 40-70 grams of fat per day

40-70 grams of fat per day

Kcal from fat = 56 32 72 120

72 8 g fat X 9 kcal/g = 72 kcal

Jared has a high risk of cardiovascular disease, because he has chronic high blood pressure. high blood levels of HDL cholesterol. Asian ancestry. a family history of cystic fibrosis.

chronic high blood pressure

Which of the following foods is a poor source of essential amino acids? Sesame seeds Fat-free milk Peanuts Peach

peach

Three-year old Jamie is a healthy, active child. Based on this information, his body is in ____ nitrogen balance. pediatric activated positive inverse

positive

Buddy is a vegan. Which of the following foods does he eat? Butter Eggs Quinoa Fat-free milk

quinoa

To reduce her intake of added sugars, Isabelle should consume more refined sources of carbohydrates. consume energy drinks instead of coffee. increase her intake of beverages sweetened with high-fructose corn syrup. replace regular soft drinks with plain water.

replace regular soft drinks with plain water

The two major kinds of carbohydrates are simple and complex carbohydrates. basic sugars and peptides. dietary fiber and multiple sugars. monosaccharides and polysaccharides.

simple and complex carbohydrates

Marla is a healthy 30-year-old woman. She doesn't work out, but she consumes protein supplements because she thinks they will increase her muscle mass without the need to exercise. Based on this information, the excess amino acids in her diet will be metabolized for energy quickly. enhance her body's absorption of calcium. be added to her muscle tissue. undergo deamination in her liver.

undergo deamination in her liver.

Ruben has a family history of cardiovascular disease. To reduce his risk of heart disease and stroke, he should follow a _____ diet. vegan Western semivegetarian low-potassium

vegan

Manufacturers often disguise the true weight of food products by altering the packaging so that it appears as if you are getting more for your money. A savvy shopper can maximize his or her food dollar by using unit pricing. Determine which box of cereal is the least expensive per oz: A 17-ounce box of raisin bran for $2.75 A 22-ounce box of puffed rice for $3.79 A 16-ounce box of corn flakes for $3.99 A 12-ounce box of bran flakes for $2.99

A 17-ounce box of raisin bran for $2.75 • $3.99 divided by 16 oz = $0.25 per ounce • $3.79 divided by 22 oz = $0.17 per ounce • $2.99 divided by 12 oz = $0.25 per ounce • $2.75 divided by 17 oz = $0.16 per ounce

Following a victory, Regina's soccer coach takes the team out for a celebratory meal. A teammate orders French fries, noting that they must be healthy because the restaurant menu says they are fried in "cholesterol-free" vegetable oil. Which statement about "cholesterol-free" vegetable oil is correct? Vegetable oil can be fat-free, but it is never cholesterol-free. Vegetable oil can never be cholesterol-free because all oils have cholesterol. Only unsaturated fatty acid vegetable oil is cholesterol-free; saturated fatty acid vegetable oil does contain cholesterol. All vegetable oil is cholesterol-free because cholesterol is only found in animal foods.

All vegetable oil is cholesterol-free because cholesterol is only found in animal foods.

Which of the following statements is true? Foods that are high in simple carbohydrates are fattening because they usually contain a lot of protein. Consuming more protein than you need can result in an increase in your body fat. High-fiber diets are associated with greater weight gain in adults because fiber-rich foods are less filling than foods that contain sugars. People can gain body fat when they consume more micronutrients in relation to their macronutrient intakes.

Consuming more protein than you need can result in an increase in your body fat.

For several weeks, Darren has not been feeling well. He has a family history of type 2 diabetes, so when he developed some major signs and symptoms of the disease, he made an appointment with his physician to be tested for diabetes. Based on this information, which of the following statements about Darren's current state of health is true? Mark all that apply. Darren has sores on his feet that are not healing. Darren has difficulty hearing high-pitched sounds. Darren has trouble swallowing solid foods. Darren has been thirstier than in the past. Darren has difficulty walking without assistance. Darren has to make frequent trips to the bathroom to urinate.

Darren has sores on his feet that are not healing. Darren has been thirstier than in the past. Darren has to make frequent trips to the bathroom to urinate.

Excess dietary protein and amino acids cause weight loss. make hair grow faster. can be used for energy. build muscle.

can be used for energy

According to scientific evidence, which of the following actions can help reduce a person's risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus? Drinking 2 servings of alcohol daily Smoking less than 2 packs of cigarettes/week Taking vitamin C supplements Exercising daily

Exercising daily

Which of the following statements is true? Most forms of fiber are easily digested in the human small intestine. The typical American consumes recommended amounts of fiber. People may increase their risk of type 2 diabetes by eating more fiber-rich foods. Fruits and vegetables are sources of fiber.

Fruits and vegetables are sources of fiber.

Which of the following statements is true? Most fatty acids in food are water soluble. In nature, fatty acids typically have even numbers of carbon atoms. A fatty acid is a polymer of glucose molecules. The omega end of a fatty acid molecule is the acid portion of the molecule.

In nature, fatty acids typically have even numbers of carbon atoms.

Which of the following statements about food labels is true? Information about the grams of sugar in a serving of food is displayed on a food label. Information about the fiber contents of a food are not provided in the Nutrition Facts panel. The Nutrition Facts panel includes information about a food's glycogen content. The list of ingredients on food packages does not have to include added sugars.

Information about the grams of sugar in a serving of food is displayed on a food label.

Which of the following lipoproteins contains the highest percentage of cholesterol? HDL LDL VLDL Chylomicron

LDL

For thousands of years, people living in _____ have eaten lentils. North America Scandinavian countries the Korean peninsula Mediterranean countries

Mediterranean countries

Tomas is interested in bodybuilding. He read an article in a bodybuilding magazine that stated he should dramatically increase his protein intake by taking amino acid supplements. What happens to excessive protein intake, particularly when it is the form of amino acid supplements? The amino acids circulate directly to muscles. The amino acids can interfere with intestinal cells' ability to absorb other amino acids. The excess amino acids are excreted in the urine. The excess amino acids stimulate the body to retain water.

The amino acids can interfere with intestinal cells' ability to absorb other amino acids.

Celiac disease is a condition characterized by destruction of intestinal villi and poor nutrient absorption. A person with celiac disease should avoid all of the following meals EXCEPT: a rueben sandwich on rye bread. barley soup. a muffin made with wheat bran. a casserole made with quinoa, milk, and cheese.

a casserole made with quinoa, milk, and cheese

Which of the following structures stores triglycerides in the form of fat droplets? Adrenal gland Gallbladder Adipose cell Ileum

adipose cell

Women who are trying to become pregnant or are pregnant should limit their alcohol consumption to beer. mix distilled alcohol with fruit juice before consuming it. drink alcohol only with meals. avoid all forms of alcohol.

avoid all forms of alcohol

Red lentils (type of legume) are an excellent source of fiber. calcium. vitamin B-12. sodium.

fiber

Which of the following bags of frozen peaches is the least expensive per ounce of fruit? frozen sliced peaches at $2.56 per 12-ounce bag frozen sliced peaches at $4.49 per 2-pound bag frozen sliced peaches at $2.50 per 8-ounce bag sliced frozen peaches at $2.59 per 10-ounce bag

frozen sliced peaches at $4.49 per 2-pound bag

Laura consumes a sugar-frosted doughnut for a snack. In her gastrointestinal tract, the sucrose in the doughnut is digested into _____ molecules. alanine and aspartic acid glycerol and fatty acid maltose and glycogen glucose and fructose

glucose and fructose

Insulin increases blood glucose levels after meals. is released during fasting periods, such as between meals. stimulates cells to break down glycogen for energy. helps glucose enter cells.

helps glucose enter cells

Caden develops intestinal cramps and gas after he drinks more than a half cup of milk. He can eat yogurt and cheese without any discomfort. Based on this information, Caden probably has lactose intolerance. diverticulosis. hemorrhoids. milk allergy.

lactose intolerance

Bernice is a vegan. Which of the following foods does she eat? Cheese Eggs Butter Legumes

legumes

Which of the following organs is the main site for detoxifying alcohol? Liver Spleen Stomach Kidneys

liver

The results of Richardo's lipid profile indicated his total cholesterol level was 185 mg/dl, his blood triglyceride level was 198 mg/dl, and his HDL cholesterol level was 32 mg/dl. Based on this information, Richardo should take which of the following steps to reduce his risk of CVD? Check all that apply: Reduce fiber intake Reduce refined carbohydrate and sweets intake Stop smoking cigarettes Lose excess body fat

Reduce refined carbohydrate and sweets intake Stop smoking cigarettes Lose excess body fat

What is the major difference between soluble and insoluble forms of fiber? Soluble fiber dissolves or swells in water, whereas insoluble fiber generally does not change in water. Soluble fiber provides no health benefits to humans, whereas insoluble fiber reduces the risk of heart disease. Soluble fiber can be digested by humans, whereas insoluble fiber cannot be digested. Soluble fiber is in animal foods, whereas insoluble fiber is in plant foods.

Soluble fiber dissolves or swells in water, whereas insoluble fiber generally does not change in water.

Don recorded his food intake for a week and then used a computerized dietary analysis program to analyze his diet record. According to the results of the analysis, his average daily saturated fat intake was 5% of total calories; his average daily unsaturated fat intake was 12% of total calories; and his average daily cholesterol intake was 350 mg. Based on this information, his total fat intake is _____ the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range. above below More information about Don's omega-3 intake is needed to answer this question. within

below

Fred is a lactovegetarian. Which of the following foods does he eat? Chicken Fish Cheese Eggs

cheese

Tomas, a 24-year-old male, wants to estimate his protein needs based on the AMDR. The Food and Nutrition Board recommends that 10-35% of calories come from protein. If Tomas follows a 2,300-kilocalorie diet, approximately how many grams of protein per day should he consume? 230-805 grams of protein per day 26-89 grams of protein per day 58-201 grams of protein per day 23-81 grams of protein per day

58-201 grams of protein per day

Luis is 23 years of age and weighs 220 pounds. Based on his body weight, his RDA for protein is ____ grams. 140 80 120 100

80

Chronic alcohol abuse damages the heart muscle. increases alertness. reduces fat deposits in the abdominal region. lowers blood pressure.

damages the heart muscle

Pancreatic amylase digests starch in the small intestine. contributes to cystic fibrosis. is secreted by the gallbladder. converts glucose to energy in cells.

digests starch in the small intestine.

Lana forgot to buy mayonnaise, but she found a recipe for the spread at a website. The recipe's ingredients include olive oil, salt, vinegar, egg yolks, paprika and black pepper. Which of the ingredients is an emulsifier? Olive oil Vinegar Salt Egg yolks

egg yolks