DHN Exam 3

Approximately ____ of the average males body weight is water

60

Which of the following fat-soluble vitamins are involved in growth and development

A, D

Vitamin _____ protects polyunsaturated fatty acids from being damaged by free radicals.

E

Vitamins A, D, E, and K from plant sources are less soluble than vitamins A, D, E and K from animal sources

False

Which of the following foods is NOT a good source of vitamin E

Ground beef

Why is taking excess amounts of fat-soluble vitamins more likely to cause toxicity than taking excesses of water-soluble vitamins?

In general, excess of fat-soluble vitamins cannot be excreted as easily as water soluble vitamins.

The synthetic form of vitamin K is called

Menadione

_____ are water soluble vitamins

Niacin, riboflavin, and thiamin

Which of the following foods contains the most water by weight

Peach

According to the 2015-2020 Dietary guidelines for Americans, which of the following minerals is a nutrient of public health concern

Potassium

___ is classified as a major mineral

Sodium

Diets supplying large amounts of the carotenoids lutein and zeaxanthin can lower the risk of age-related macular degeneration.

True

Iron is the only mineral added to processed grain products during enrichment.

True

Long term vitamin E deficiency can result in nerve damage and blindness

True

Low blood levels of vitamin K are associated with increased risk of osteoporosis

True

People who abuse alcohol and follow nutritionally-inadequate diets have a high risk of developing V-vitamin deficiencies

True

Vitamin A,D,E and K all have hydrocarbon chains that make them soluble in fats

True

Vitamin E is involved in maintaining immune system function

True

Vitamins A, D, E and K all have hydrocarbon chains that make them soluble in fats

True

Intrinsic factor is needed to absorb

Vitamin B-12

Vitamins that are involved in bone health include all of the following EXCEPT:

Vitamin E

Which of the following cooking methods can result in major losses of water soluble vitamins

boiling in a saucepan of water

Excessive vitamin D can result in

deposition of calcium in soft tissues

Which of the following foods is a good source of thiamin

enriched bread

Thiamin is a component of flavin mononucleotide, which cells need to synthesize neurotransmitters

false

Which of the following foods is a natural source of vitamin D

fatty fish and fish oils

Which of the following vitamins is most important for red blood cell formation

folate

The human body needs vitamin K to

form active blood clotting factors

Which of the following foods are reliable dietary sources of vitamin D

fortified dairy products

Which of the following foods is not a good source of calcium

fried chicken

Which of the following food groups includes food that are among the best sources of riboflavin

grains

Which of the following foods is a good source of vitamin K

green leafy vegetables

The most biologically active form a vitamin D, calcitriol, is made in the

kidneys

Osteoporosis is characterized by

low bone mass and structure

An early symptom of vitamin A deficiency is

night blindness

Consuming too much rhubarb, which contains ____, can inhibit absorption of calcium in the GI tract

oxalic acid

Kesha is lactose intolerant and avoids all dairy foods. She also doesn't like the taste of rice, soy or almond milk so consumed very little calcium in her diet. As a result of her low calcium intake - ----- will be secreted in response to low blood calcium levels

parathyroid hormone

Vitamin D helps the body absorb

phosphorus and calcium

_____ is added to refined grain products as part of the enrichment process

riboflavin

Which of the following minerals is important as part of an antioxidant defense system

selenium

The ____ is the primary site of vitamin absorption

small intestine

Pickled foods, canned soups, soy sauce, and deli (luncheon) meats contain high amounts of

sodium

Which of the following foods is the best source of vitamin K

soybean oil

Phosphorus is involved in all of the following body functions except:

transmission of nerve impulse

Activation of vitamin d from food sources requires a healthy liver and kidneys

true

Both alpha-tocopherol and gamma-tocopherol are found in food sources.

true

The body needs magnesium to maintain a healthy immune system

true

Vitamin E is involved in maintaining immune system function.

true

anencephaly occurs when the brain is malformed or missing

true

retinol, retinal, retinoic acid are all forms of preformed vitamin A

true

According to the 2015-2020 dietary guidelines for Americans, which fo the following vitamins is a nutrient of public health concern

vitamin D

As a vegan, Sanako is at the greatest risk for a _____ deficiency

vitamin b-12

In general, fresh fruits and vegetables are good sources of ___

potassium

Darrell suffers from frequent diarrhea as a result of IBS. Because of the frequent diarrhea, the bioavailability in his diet is

reduced

In the human body, water is involved in

regulating body temperature

_____ is the most biologically active form of vitamin A in the body

retinol

Which of the statements about calcium is false?

After bones are formed early in life, the body has no need for calcium

Which of the following foods contains the highest amount of vitamin E per serving

Almonds

Which of the following foods has the lowest phosphorus content per serving

canned tuna

Deficiency of vitamin ____ results in deterioration of epithelial cells

A

The term vitamin comes from vita (necessary for life) and amine (a type of nitrogen containing substance)

True

Vitamin C enhances the absorption of

iron