DHN Exam 3
Approximately ____ of the average males body weight is water
60
Which of the following fat-soluble vitamins are involved in growth and development
A, D
Vitamin _____ protects polyunsaturated fatty acids from being damaged by free radicals.
E
Vitamins A, D, E, and K from plant sources are less soluble than vitamins A, D, E and K from animal sources
False
Which of the following foods is NOT a good source of vitamin E
Ground beef
Why is taking excess amounts of fat-soluble vitamins more likely to cause toxicity than taking excesses of water-soluble vitamins?
In general, excess of fat-soluble vitamins cannot be excreted as easily as water soluble vitamins.
The synthetic form of vitamin K is called
Menadione
_____ are water soluble vitamins
Niacin, riboflavin, and thiamin
Which of the following foods contains the most water by weight
Peach
According to the 2015-2020 Dietary guidelines for Americans, which of the following minerals is a nutrient of public health concern
Potassium
___ is classified as a major mineral
Sodium
Diets supplying large amounts of the carotenoids lutein and zeaxanthin can lower the risk of age-related macular degeneration.
True
Iron is the only mineral added to processed grain products during enrichment.
True
Long term vitamin E deficiency can result in nerve damage and blindness
True
Low blood levels of vitamin K are associated with increased risk of osteoporosis
True
People who abuse alcohol and follow nutritionally-inadequate diets have a high risk of developing V-vitamin deficiencies
True
Vitamin A,D,E and K all have hydrocarbon chains that make them soluble in fats
True
Vitamin E is involved in maintaining immune system function
True
Vitamins A, D, E and K all have hydrocarbon chains that make them soluble in fats
True
Intrinsic factor is needed to absorb
Vitamin B-12
Vitamins that are involved in bone health include all of the following EXCEPT:
Vitamin E
Which of the following cooking methods can result in major losses of water soluble vitamins
boiling in a saucepan of water
Excessive vitamin D can result in
deposition of calcium in soft tissues
Which of the following foods is a good source of thiamin
enriched bread
Thiamin is a component of flavin mononucleotide, which cells need to synthesize neurotransmitters
false
Which of the following foods is a natural source of vitamin D
fatty fish and fish oils
Which of the following vitamins is most important for red blood cell formation
folate
The human body needs vitamin K to
form active blood clotting factors
Which of the following foods are reliable dietary sources of vitamin D
fortified dairy products
Which of the following foods is not a good source of calcium
fried chicken
Which of the following food groups includes food that are among the best sources of riboflavin
grains
Which of the following foods is a good source of vitamin K
green leafy vegetables
The most biologically active form a vitamin D, calcitriol, is made in the
kidneys
Osteoporosis is characterized by
low bone mass and structure
An early symptom of vitamin A deficiency is
night blindness
Consuming too much rhubarb, which contains ____, can inhibit absorption of calcium in the GI tract
oxalic acid
Kesha is lactose intolerant and avoids all dairy foods. She also doesn't like the taste of rice, soy or almond milk so consumed very little calcium in her diet. As a result of her low calcium intake - ----- will be secreted in response to low blood calcium levels
parathyroid hormone
Vitamin D helps the body absorb
phosphorus and calcium
_____ is added to refined grain products as part of the enrichment process
riboflavin
Which of the following minerals is important as part of an antioxidant defense system
selenium
The ____ is the primary site of vitamin absorption
small intestine
Pickled foods, canned soups, soy sauce, and deli (luncheon) meats contain high amounts of
sodium
Which of the following foods is the best source of vitamin K
soybean oil
Phosphorus is involved in all of the following body functions except:
transmission of nerve impulse
Activation of vitamin d from food sources requires a healthy liver and kidneys
true
Both alpha-tocopherol and gamma-tocopherol are found in food sources.
true
The body needs magnesium to maintain a healthy immune system
true
Vitamin E is involved in maintaining immune system function.
true
anencephaly occurs when the brain is malformed or missing
true
retinol, retinal, retinoic acid are all forms of preformed vitamin A
true
According to the 2015-2020 dietary guidelines for Americans, which fo the following vitamins is a nutrient of public health concern
vitamin D
As a vegan, Sanako is at the greatest risk for a _____ deficiency
vitamin b-12
In general, fresh fruits and vegetables are good sources of ___
potassium
Darrell suffers from frequent diarrhea as a result of IBS. Because of the frequent diarrhea, the bioavailability in his diet is
reduced
In the human body, water is involved in
regulating body temperature
_____ is the most biologically active form of vitamin A in the body
retinol
Which of the statements about calcium is false?
After bones are formed early in life, the body has no need for calcium
Which of the following foods contains the highest amount of vitamin E per serving
Almonds
Which of the following foods has the lowest phosphorus content per serving
canned tuna
Deficiency of vitamin ____ results in deterioration of epithelial cells
A
The term vitamin comes from vita (necessary for life) and amine (a type of nitrogen containing substance)
True
Vitamin C enhances the absorption of
iron