Diffusion & Osmosis

What do elodea cells look like when placed in an isotonic solution?

Cells have flaccid droopy appearance

Which molecules can cross selectively permeable membrane based on size?why?

Chloride ions, sulfate ions, and glucoseBecause the molecules are small

hypertonic

Having a higher concentration of solute than another solution.

Hypotonic

Having a lower concentration of solute than another solution

effects of temperature and molecular size on the rate of diffusion

Higher temperatures increase the energy and therefore the movement of the molecules, increasing the rate of diffusion. Lower temperatures decrease the energy of the molecules, thus decreasing the rate of diffusion.

What solution was used to determine the presence of starch?

Iodine

what happens to animal cells placed in hypotonic solution?

Lysed

what happens to a cucumber placed in salt or sugar water?

Salt has a strong ability to absorb water from its surroundings. ... To compensate this imbalance, the water inside the cucumber cells starts moving through the cell membranes into the high concentrations of salt or sugar water on top; this process is called osmosis

What happens to animal cells placed in hypertonic solution?

Shrivels

What solution was used to determine the presence of Chloride ions?

Silver Nitrate

What physical property of dialysis tubing allows it to function as a selective permeable membrane?

Size determines what can go through membrane Smaller molecules can go through, larger ones cannot

Which molecules can't cross selectively permeable membrane based on size?why?

Starch and proteins Because the molecules are too large

how temperature affects the diffusion rate of liquid food dye

When temperature increases, the kinetic energy of the particles has increased. The increased motion of the particles causes them to diffuse faster. Therefore, at higher temperatures, the rate at which fluid particles will diffuse is faster than at lower temperatures. In the experiment, the food coloring will diffuse faster in the hot water than in the cold water.

solutions

a mixture made up of two or more substances where one substance, a solute, is dissolved into another substance, a solvent.

solvents

a molecule that has the ability to dissolve other molecules, known as solutes (dissolve other substances)

selectively permeable

a property of cell membranes that allows some substances to pass through, while others cannot

What do elodea cells look like when placed in an hypotonic solution?

cells have normal turgid appearance

What do red blood cells look like when placed in an isotonic solution?

cells have normal, round, circular appearance

What do elodea cells look like when placed in an hypertonic solution?

cells have plasmolyzed appearance

What do red blood cells look like when placed in a hypertonic solution?

cells have shriveled appearance

what happens to plant cells placed in isotonic solution?

flaccid (droops)

Diffusion

is the movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to lower concentration

Osmosis

is the movement of solvent particles across a semipermeable membrane from a dilute solution into a concentrated solution

What happens to animal cells placed in isotonic solution?

normal

What happens to plant cells placed in hypertonic solution?

plasmolysis (collapses)

solutes

substance dissolved in a solution

active transport

the movement of ions or molecules across a cellular membrane from a lower to a higher concentration, requiring the consumption of energy.

passive transport

the movement of substances across a cell membrane without the use of energy by the cell

what happens to plant cells placed in hypotonic solution?

turgid (normal)

isotonic

when the concentration of two solutions is the same

What solution was used to determine the presence of sulfate ions?

Barium Chloride

What solution was used to determine the presence of glucose?

Benedicts (reducing sugars)

What solution was used to determine the presence of Proteins?

Biruet