Disorder from Trauma and Stress

Transcient depersonalization and derealization

Can be induced by a life-threatening experience

How many people lie awake at night due to stress

48%

People with which dissociative disorder typically do not tend to eventually recover without receiving treatment

Dissociative identity disorder

What effect has the use of sodium amobarbital had in treating dissociative amnesia and fugue?

Results are mixed, successful with some patients and not with others.

The statement. "This is awful, but i guess I can deal with it like I do everything else," represent one person's

Stress response

Which statement accurately describes the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal pathway of the stress response?

The hypothalamus stimulates the pituitary to produce a stress hormone that causes the adrenal gland to release corticosteroids.

What do we know about the inheritance of PTSD?

Women who have high cortisol levels tend to have children with high cortisol levels.

Depersonalization disorder is most common among:

adolescents and young adults

"An abused child's thoughts occasionally drift to other, less anxiety-arousing, topics; this anxiety reduction thus serves to strengthen 'other' thoughts, while weakening the thoughts about abuse." A psychologist with which theoretical background would be most likely to offer this quotation as an explanation for the development of dissociative disorders?

behavioral

A feeling of detachment from oneself could be diagnosed as PTSD or depersonalization disorder. How would one decide which diagnosis is BEST?

by considering which symptoms predominated

The group of hormones that appear to be MOST involved in arousal and the fear reaction are the:

corticosteroids

If a person's mental functioning or body feels unreal or foreign, the person is MOST likely suffering from:

depersonalization

When a person feels that the external world is removed, mechanical, distorted, or even dead, he or she is experiencing:

derealization

A person diagnosed with a dissociative disorder has recovered almost completely, even though the person had not received any therapy. That person was LEAST likely to have been diagnosed with:

dissociative amnesia

People with which dissociative disorder typically do not tend to eventually recover without receiving treatment?

dissociative identity disorder

Shawn experiences a mugging and robbery in which his dog is kidnapped. Eventually the dog is found and returned. However, he is unable to recall events immediately following the attack, up until the safe return of the dog. This is a classic example of:

localized amnesia

The usual goal of therapy for dissociative identity disorders is to:

merge the subpersonalities into a single identity

One of the subpersonalities of a person receiving treatment for dissociative identity disorder has just become a "protector." How far along in therapy has the person probably progressed?

moderately far because a protector usually emerges before subpersonality integration

A person's levels of cortisol and norepinehrime are in the normal range. MOST likely, that person is experiencing:

no stress disorder

Juanita has dissociative identity disorder. Big Tony and Smart Alice are two personalities who are aware of all of the others. None of her other personalities are aware of each other. This would be called what?

one-way amnesic relationship.

About 30 percent of those receiving outpatient therapy are diagnosed with an adjustment disorder. Some experts say adjustment disorders are:

overdiagnosed, because they are easy to apply to many problems and are less stigmatizing than other diagnoses.

A torture victim who is subjected to threats of death, mock executions, and degradation is experiencing what type of torture?

psychological

Which is the MOST common experience for a veteran of the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan?

seeing friends seriously wounded or killed

Laurent has three subpersonalities. Jackie emerges when Laurent is in an awkward social situation, Grace surfaces during sporting events, and Carlos appears when Laurent is angry. The therapist believes that the mood and conditions under which each subpersonality appears are critical to understanding this disorder, demonstrating a belief in:

state-dependent learning

Poor health is BEST described as a:

stressor

If someone asked you about the effectiveness of psychological debriefing following a disaster, you would be MOST correct (based on the research) in saying that:

there is little evidence that debriefing works

I am generally a calm, relaxed person. If you are generally a tense, excitable person, we differ in:

trait anxiety

At a workshop about dissociative identity disorder, a therapist says, "In my experience, once integration begins, the need for therapy is practically over, and later dissociations just don't happen." This therapist's experience is:

very unusual; most successful therapies last well beyond the beginning of integration