DIT CH 4 Midterm

diverticula

Small pouches that form in the lining of the large intestine and can trap bacteria and feces are called gallstones peptic ulcers hemorrhoids diverticula

mouth

The process of digesting food begins in the

pancreas, liver, gallbladder

Which of the following organs are an accessory organ of the digestive system? check all: pancreas spleen liver kidneys gallbladder

the stomach

_____ churns foods, mixing it with gastric juice.

peptic ulcers

dull pain in stomach area

IBS

frequent bouts of intestinal cramping with diarrhea and/or inability to bowel movement

choking

hands wrapped around throat is a common sign for _____.

small intestine

most nutrient absorption occurs in the

A B E

A physician should be contacted when vomiting is accompanied by which of the following signs or symptoms? A sever ab pain B failure to urine for 8 hours C swollen joints D heartburn E headache

mucus

A slippery substance that protects the stomach wall is ____.

digest and absorb nutrients from a variety of sources

Bella is an omnivore, because she can - eat only plants - obtain energy directly from sun - eat high-fiber diet without blocked colon issue - digest and absorb nutrients from a variety of sources

lose excess fat

Coretta has chronic heartburn. To reduce her risk of developing gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), her physician recommended that she - eat chocolate - eat peppermint - lie down after meals - lose excess fat

gastro reflux disease

Jillian drinks a couple of beers and smokes over a pack of cigarettes daily. Even though she's about 40 pounds overweight, she likes to wear tight-fitting clothes. Based on this information, Jillian has a high risk of developing - constipation - IBS - ulcerative colitis - gastro reflux disease

lose weight

Marcus has an infection that causes a temporary loss of villi. Based on this information, you would expect Marcus to _____ while he has this illness.

starch

Salivary glands secrete an enzyme that enables a minor amount of _____ to be digested in the mouth -starch -water -alcohol -protein

heimlich maneuver

The ____ is a first aid technique that can help clear the blocked airway of a choking person.

large intestine

The _____ helps form feces by absorbing some excess water and minerals from chyme. - lower stomach - large intestine - pyloric valve - esophageal sphincter

oxygen

To produce the maximum amount of energy from the breakdown of macronutrients, human cells require

sweet

When she sampled a spoonful of hot soup, Bekha burnt the tip of her tongue. During the 24 hours that followed the injury, Bekha had difficulty detecting foods that tasted

fat

bile aids in the digestion of ____

liver

bile is produced in the

enzymes

proteins that help chemical reactions occur are

pancreas

the ____ produces and secretes digestive enzymes into the small intestine

duodenum

the gallbladder releases bile into the ____

skin cells using protein to replace burned skin tissue

Which of the following cellular activities is an example of anabolism? - skin cells using protein to replace burned skin tissue - muscle cells breaking down glucose to release heat - brain cells forming chemical to transmit info - WBC making proteins to protect against harmful viruses

muscle cells breaking down glucose to release heat

Which of the following cellular activities is an example of catabolism? - skin cells using protein to replace burned skin tissue - muscle cells breaking down glucose to release heat - brain cells forming chemical to transmit info - WBC making proteins to protect against harmful viruses

A

Which of the following statements is true? A - acid reflux results when gastroesophageal sphincter fails to close properly B - peptic ulcers usually form in the small and large intestine C - people who are infected with H. pylori have a high risk of developing type 1 diabetes D - vomiting blood is a sign of IBS

B

Which of the following statements is true? A - tip of tongue is more sensitive to detecting bitter taste B - older adults have fewer taste buds than kids C - there are 7 different kinds of tastes D - your sense of taste functions better when you are unable to smell a food

hydro acid, water, mucus, enzymes

Which of the following substances is a normal component of gastric juice? - bile - hydro acid - water -mucus -enzymes -alcohol

anal itching and fresh blood in her feces

While sitting or having bowel movements, Fatima is alarmed because she has rectal pain. According to her doctor, she has hemorrhoids. Based on this information, Fatima is very likely to also be experiencing which of the following signs or symptoms? (Check all that apply.) -anal itching -fresh blood in feces -acid reflex -gallstones -peptic ulcers

eating fatty foods

all the following factors that increase risk of peptic ulcers, except: - having stomach infected with helicobacter pylori - eating fatty foods - frequent use of NSAIDS - heavy consumption of alcohol

gallbladder

bile flows from the liver into the ____ whee it is stored until needed

heartburn

burning pain in upper chest area

stomach

hydrochloric acid is secreted in the

constipation

infrequent or difficult to eliminate bowel

fat and glucose

major sources of ATP-energy for cells: glucose protein fat vit C iron

consume watery fluids with sodium, potassium and sugar

After attending a summertime picnic, 24-year-old Samantha developed severe diarrhea. Which of the following treatments should she use to treat her condition? - take 1000 mg vit C and iron daily - give herself coffee enemas every 3 hours - consume watery fluids with sodium, potassium and sugar - take loperamide

Chylomicrons

After being absorbed, most lipids become incorporated into -lumen -chylomicrons -lacteals -hepatic portal vein

lacteals within the villi

After being absorbed, most lipids become incorporated into chylomicrons and enter A: lacteals within the villi B: special cells lining the hepatic portal vein C: chyme D: gastroesophageal sphincter

difficulty digesting food

Amanda is a three-year-old who has a disease that affects the functioning of her pancreas. Based on this information, she - taller than most kids - difficulty digesting food - absorbs excessive amounts - heavier than avg for height

avoid overeating

Antonio has severe heartburn. To reduce his risk of having frequent heartburn and developing esophageal cancer, his physician recommended that he - eat more meals with tomato base - take multivitamin -raise the foot of bed 3 inches - avoid overeating

difficulty swallowing

Devon has a rare condition characterized by the lack of saliva-producing cells. Based on this information, Devon probably has

ulcerative colitis

For the past few months, Jon hasn't been feeling well. His stomach hurts; he doesn't have any energy; and he often feels like he's going to vomit. He has no interest in eating, so he's lost several pounds. Yesterday, he went to the student health center, because he had bloody diarrhea. Based on this information, Jon should be tested for _____. - ulcerative colitis - gastro reflux disease - gallstones - hemorrhoids

fat

If your body does not secrete bile after you eat a meal, your intestinal tract would have difficulty absorbing which of the following substances? fat protien iron carbs

D

Ryan is taking nutrition class and learning about the digestive process. When he learned that after a meal, the contents of the stomach become very acidic, he wondered why the acid in the stomach doesn't digest the organ. Why doesn't the acid break down the stomach's lining and cause holes to form in the stomach's walls? A: stomach contracts during peristalsis B: stomach produces bacteria which denature acid C: stomach produces bile which neutralizes the acid D: stomach is lined with a layer of mucus to protect it

peristalsis

Swallowing food stimulates ______ , waves of muscular activity that help propel food through the digestive tract.

pyloric sphincter

The _____ controls the rate at which the semisolid food mixture leaves the stomach and enters the small intestine.

esophagus

The _____ is a long tube in the digestive tract that connects the back of the mouth with the top of the stomach

liver

The accessory organ of the digestive system that produces bile is the - colon -epiglottis -jejunum -liver

chyme

The churning movements of the stomach mix food with gastric juice . At this point, the food is a semisolid mixture called _____.

vit k and biotin

The digestive system not only processes the foods we eat, but it is also the site of some bacterial nutrient production. Which of the following nutrients are produced by certain bacteria that live in the large intestine? - vit e and iron - vit k and biotin - vit a and beta-carotene - vit d and calcium

epiglottis

The epiglottis is the flap of tissue that prevents food from entering the windpipe.

hydrochloric acid

The stomach produces ______, which is important for the digestion of protein.

drink milk and cream

Tia experiences acid reflux from time to time. To help prevent bouts of acid reflux, Tia should take all of the following steps, except - avoid consuming beverages with caffeine or carbonation - avoid eating peppermint and chocolate - drink less alcohol - drink milk and cream

learning to manage stress

Treatment of irritable bowel syndrome usually includes making dietary changes and - having colon removed - moving to drier climate - reducing physical activity - learning to manage stress

gallstones

Last night, Sara ate French fries, fried fish, and creamy cole slaw. For dessert, she had a chocolate milk shake. About an hour after eating this food, she suddenly complained of severe abdominal pain. Based on this information, Sara probably has -constipation -gallstones -colitis -aneurysms

Peristalsis

Waves of muscular activity help propel food material through the digestive tract. This muscular action is called