DIT Ch 9 FINAL
decreases
being an older adult and oxalic acid in spinach ______ calcium absorption
magnesium
bran cereal is rich in:
normal BP
118/78 mmHg
prehypertension
120/88 mm HG
hypertension
145/80 mm Hg
55 tp 60
About _____ % of an average healthy young man's body weight is water.
A, B, E
Alcohol has many nutritional effects on the body. Check the problems that can be caused by consuming excessive amounts of alcohol. A: thiamin deficiency B: low blood glucose C:low blood triglycerides D: excessive absorption of magnesium E: folate deficiency
iron
All of the following minerals can function as electrolytes in the body, except -magnesium -iron -sodium -potassium
reduced HDL level
Although Tim's body is not zinc deficient, he takes large doses of zinc because his best friend told him it will enhance his athletic performance. He is likely to experience _____ as a result of this practice. - increased copper absorption - reduced HDL levels - increased interest in sexual activity - reduced number of bowel movements
selenium
Brazil nuts contain very high amounts of... calcium fluorine copper selenium
iron deficiency
Byron complains that he doesn't have much energy. His tongue is sore; his gums are pale pink; and his finger nails have a dip in the center. Based on this information, Byron's physician should test him for _____. - goiter - osteoporosis - iron deficiency - cretinism
breast cancer
Chronic alcohol abuse increases the risk of - breast cancer - vitamin toxicity syndrome - low BP - thyroid enlargement
pancreatic cancer
Chronic alcohol abuse increases the risk of - goiter - chronic low BP - pancreatic cancer - fluorosis
a b c
Dolores was 4 months pregnant when she discovered she was going to have a baby. Before learning about her pregnancy, she consumed moderate amounts of alcohol and, at times, she'd binge drink. Based on this information, which of the following health problems or defects is her baby likely to have when it's born? (Check all that apply.) A: heart defects B: facial deformities C: lower than normal intelligence D: type 1 diabetes E: low blood pressure
Bisphenol A
Don't buy used plastic food storage, water bottles, or baby bottles, because the plastic may contain... fluorides vanadium electrolytes bisphenol A
cells lost intracellular fluid and shrink
If extracellular water has an excess of sodium ions, - cells lost intracellular fluid and shrink - the body uses the sodium ions for energy - sodium ions move into cells - excess zinc and fluoride ions are eliminated in feces
a, c, d, e
In addition to water and food intake, your body's water status is affected by a number of other factors. Check all of the factors that influence your body's water status. A: altitude B: day of the week C: alcohol intake D: humidity E: environmental temperature F: vitamin A intake
A
In the USA, which is true? A: The Environmental Protection Agency regulates the sanitation of public water supplies. B: The Food and Drug Administration permits manufacturers to add vitamins, minerals, and amino acids to their bottled water and flavored beverage products. C: Bottled water is safer to drink than tap water. D: No federal regulations cover bottled water that's sold throughout the country.
safe drinking water act
In the United States, which act ensures that tap water from most municipal water sources undergoes a thorough purification process and is constantly tested for safety?
d
Jade is concerned about her risk of osteoporosis. To help reduce her risk of this condition, Jade should... A: avoid foods like kale and froyo B: reduce physical activity C: consume more iron rich foods D: avoid smoking cigs
vitamin c
Jared is a vegan (total vegetarian). He can increase his intestinal tract's ability to absorb iron in his diet by combining iron-rich plant foods with sources of... vitamin c vitamin a copper calcium
a, b, d
Over-consumption of water can be harmful. Check all of the statements that apply to over-consumption of water. A: Water intoxication can occur, but it's rare because of the very large quantities of water needed to cause intoxication. B: Dizziness, headache, and confusion can result from excessive water intake. C: Water intoxication can cause death when electrolytes are raised to dangerous levels in the bloodstream. D: Excessive water intake becomes harmful when the kidneys are unable to eliminate the extra fluid.
false
T/F: alcohol digestion is a complex process
lungs
The body eliminates water through the... lungs lymphatic system liver spleen
goiter
The introduction of iodized salt in the 1920s dramatically reduced rates of _____ in the United States. - anemia - goiter - lung cancer -hypertension
c
Which is true? A: Vegetable oils are about 25 to 50% water by weight. B: Beverages comprise 100% of a person's total water intake. C: Cells produce water as a by-product of energy metabolism. D: Most of the water that enters the digestive tract is excreted in feces.
tomato
Which of the following foods contains the most water by weight? - tomato - corn oil - whole wheat bread - apple with skin
leaf lettuce
Which of the following foods contains the most water by weight? - whole wheat bread - butter - leaf lettuce - baked white potato in skin
calcium
Which of the following minerals is necessary for proper muscle contraction? -selenium -aluminum -calcium -cesium
A
Which of the following practices would help a vegan (total vegetarian) increase his or her iron intake from plant foods? A: Cooking vegetables in a cast iron skillet with tomatoes or lemon juice B: Taking zinc, calcium, and selenium supplements with meals C: Replacing butter with olive oil D: Drinking more milk and avoiding in-between-meal snacks
alcohol
Which of the following substances is a diuretic? - salt - iron - alcohol - calcium
4
While at a party, Jenna drank 24 ounces of beer and 10 ounces of wine. Based on this information, her alcohol consumption was equivalent to ____ standard alcoholic drinks.
c
Who has the highest risk of developing osteoporosis? A: A tall 35-year-old African-American woman who consumes 3 cups of dairy products daily. B: A 30-year-old Hispanic-American man who plays basketball 5 days a week. C: A sedentary white male college student who smokes cigarettes. D: A 40-year-old, white woman who has a large body frame and plays singles tennis twice a week.
water intoxication
Yesterday, Jenny ran in a marathon race. While she ran, she drank several large cups of water at water stations along the race course. At the end of the race, she experienced difficulty making it to the finish line. She was confused, and she complained of having a headache and feeling dizzy. Based on this information, Jenny was probably suffering from... -water intoxication -brain cancer -kidney failure -heat cramps
calcium
___ helps with bone formation
iodine
___ helps with thyroid functioning
calcitonin
___ signals certain bone cells to remove excess calcium from blood
zinc
____ decreases copper absorption
physic acid
____ decreases iron absorption
tannins
____ decreases nonheme iron absorption
selenium
____ functions with antioxidant activity
sodium
____ helps with fluid balance
vitamin d
____ increases calcium absorption
vitamin c
____ increases iron absorption
estrogen
____ is needed for normal bone development and maintenance. - thyroid hormone - insulin - glucagon - estrogen
oxalic acid
_____ decreases calcium absorption
chromium
_____ helps insulin enter cells. - chromium - selenium - calcium - boron
iron
_____ helps with red blood cell formation
iodine
a goiter is a ss for ____ deficiency
zinc
a weakened immune system is a ss for a ____ deficiency
potassium
abnormal heartbeat is a ss for ____ deficiency
b
chronic excessive alcohol use... - causes the body to retain heat. - increases fat deposits in the abdominal region. - lowers blood pressure. - causes the heart to shrink.
iodine
excess intake of this mineral can inhibit thyroid gland function
iodine
fortified table salt is rich in:
potassium
fruits are rich in:
yogurt, milk, cheese, kale, ice cream
greatest to least amount of calcium per serving? swiss cheese, light vanilla ice cream, low-fat yogurt, fat-free milk, kale
potassium
in general, fresh fruits and veggies are good sources of... -calcium -zinc -iron -potassium
false
in the US, bottled water is safer than tap water from most municipal water sources
zinc
inadequate intake of this mineral can lead to poor growth and sexual immaturity
fluoride
inadequate intake of this non-essential mineral leads to dental caries
increases
infancy, eating vitamin d-enriched foods and being pregnant ______ calcium absorption
calcium
insufficient intake of this mineral can lead to osteoporosis
damages the heart muscle
over time, excess alcohol intake... -reduces fat deposits in the abdominal region. -damages the heart muscle. - lowers blood pressure. - reduces heat loss from the body.
zinc
oysters are rich in:
false
the majority of alcohol detoxification occurs in the stomach
calcium
the most plentiful mineral in the human body is -magnesium -iron -sodium -calcium
iron
this mineral is needed for hemoglobin synthesis
potassium
this mineral plays a key role in proper fluid balance
fluoride
tooth decay is a ss for _____ deficiency
urine, perspiration, expired air, feces
whats the order from greatest contribution to fluid loss to least contribution to fluid loss per day? feces expired air perspiration urine
calcium, potassium, sodium
which are major minerals? potassium arsenic zinc sodium copper calcium iron boron nickel
boron, arsenic, nickel
which are possible essential minerals? potassium arsenic zinc sodium copper calcium iron boron nickel
zinc, copper iron
which are trace minerals? potassium arsenic zinc sodium copper calcium iron boron nickel
a, c, g, i, j
which decrease osteoporosis risk? A: young male B: asian or caucasian C: non-smoker D: slender frame E: smokes cigarettes F: inactive sedentary lifestyle G: participates in regular physical activity H: excessive alcohol intake I: overweight, large frame J: african-american K: older female
b, d, e, f, h, k
which increases osteoporosis risk? A: young male B: asian or caucasian C: non-smoker D: slender frame E: smokes cigarettes F: inactive sedentary lifestyle G: participates in regular physical activity H: excessive alcohol intake I: overweight, large frame J: african-american K: older female
c
which is true? A: In the United States, a BAC of 0.12% is the legal limit for intoxication for adult drivers. B: Alcohol is stored in body fat. C: Signs of alcohol poisoning include a slowed and irregular heart rate. D: The pancreas is the primary site for alcohol metabolism.
b
which statement is false? A: People with Asian ancestry have a higher risk of osteoporosis than people with African ancestry. B: People who have large body frames have a higher risk of osteoporosis than people who have small body frames. C: Physical activities such as jumping rope, walking, and jogging help keep bones strong. D: Women generally have the highest risk of osteoporosis after menopause.