DIT Ch 9 FINAL

decreases

being an older adult and oxalic acid in spinach ______ calcium absorption

magnesium

bran cereal is rich in:

normal BP

118/78 mmHg

prehypertension

120/88 mm HG

hypertension

145/80 mm Hg

55 tp 60

About _____ % of an average healthy young man's body weight is water.

A, B, E

Alcohol has many nutritional effects on the body. Check the problems that can be caused by consuming excessive amounts of alcohol. A: thiamin deficiency B: low blood glucose C:low blood triglycerides D: excessive absorption of magnesium E: folate deficiency

iron

All of the following minerals can function as electrolytes in the body, except -magnesium -iron -sodium -potassium

reduced HDL level

Although Tim's body is not zinc deficient, he takes large doses of zinc because his best friend told him it will enhance his athletic performance. He is likely to experience _____ as a result of this practice. - increased copper absorption - reduced HDL levels - increased interest in sexual activity - reduced number of bowel movements

selenium

Brazil nuts contain very high amounts of... calcium fluorine copper selenium

iron deficiency

Byron complains that he doesn't have much energy. His tongue is sore; his gums are pale pink; and his finger nails have a dip in the center. Based on this information, Byron's physician should test him for _____. - goiter - osteoporosis - iron deficiency - cretinism

breast cancer

Chronic alcohol abuse increases the risk of - breast cancer - vitamin toxicity syndrome - low BP - thyroid enlargement

pancreatic cancer

Chronic alcohol abuse increases the risk of - goiter - chronic low BP - pancreatic cancer - fluorosis

a b c

Dolores was 4 months pregnant when she discovered she was going to have a baby. Before learning about her pregnancy, she consumed moderate amounts of alcohol and, at times, she'd binge drink. Based on this information, which of the following health problems or defects is her baby likely to have when it's born? (Check all that apply.) A: heart defects B: facial deformities C: lower than normal intelligence D: type 1 diabetes E: low blood pressure

Bisphenol A

Don't buy used plastic food storage, water bottles, or baby bottles, because the plastic may contain... fluorides vanadium electrolytes bisphenol A

cells lost intracellular fluid and shrink

If extracellular water has an excess of sodium ions, - cells lost intracellular fluid and shrink - the body uses the sodium ions for energy - sodium ions move into cells - excess zinc and fluoride ions are eliminated in feces

a, c, d, e

In addition to water and food intake, your body's water status is affected by a number of other factors. Check all of the factors that influence your body's water status. A: altitude B: day of the week C: alcohol intake D: humidity E: environmental temperature F: vitamin A intake

A

In the USA, which is true? A: The Environmental Protection Agency regulates the sanitation of public water supplies. B: The Food and Drug Administration permits manufacturers to add vitamins, minerals, and amino acids to their bottled water and flavored beverage products. C: Bottled water is safer to drink than tap water. D: No federal regulations cover bottled water that's sold throughout the country.

safe drinking water act

In the United States, which act ensures that tap water from most municipal water sources undergoes a thorough purification process and is constantly tested for safety?

d

Jade is concerned about her risk of osteoporosis. To help reduce her risk of this condition, Jade should... A: avoid foods like kale and froyo B: reduce physical activity C: consume more iron rich foods D: avoid smoking cigs

vitamin c

Jared is a vegan (total vegetarian). He can increase his intestinal tract's ability to absorb iron in his diet by combining iron-rich plant foods with sources of... vitamin c vitamin a copper calcium

a, b, d

Over-consumption of water can be harmful. Check all of the statements that apply to over-consumption of water. A: Water intoxication can occur, but it's rare because of the very large quantities of water needed to cause intoxication. B: Dizziness, headache, and confusion can result from excessive water intake. C: Water intoxication can cause death when electrolytes are raised to dangerous levels in the bloodstream. D: Excessive water intake becomes harmful when the kidneys are unable to eliminate the extra fluid.

false

T/F: alcohol digestion is a complex process

lungs

The body eliminates water through the... lungs lymphatic system liver spleen

goiter

The introduction of iodized salt in the 1920s dramatically reduced rates of _____ in the United States. - anemia - goiter - lung cancer -hypertension

c

Which is true? A: Vegetable oils are about 25 to 50% water by weight. B: Beverages comprise 100% of a person's total water intake. C: Cells produce water as a by-product of energy metabolism. D: Most of the water that enters the digestive tract is excreted in feces.

tomato

Which of the following foods contains the most water by weight? - tomato - corn oil - whole wheat bread - apple with skin

leaf lettuce

Which of the following foods contains the most water by weight? - whole wheat bread - butter - leaf lettuce - baked white potato in skin

calcium

Which of the following minerals is necessary for proper muscle contraction? -selenium -aluminum -calcium -cesium

A

Which of the following practices would help a vegan (total vegetarian) increase his or her iron intake from plant foods? A: Cooking vegetables in a cast iron skillet with tomatoes or lemon juice B: Taking zinc, calcium, and selenium supplements with meals C: Replacing butter with olive oil D: Drinking more milk and avoiding in-between-meal snacks

alcohol

Which of the following substances is a diuretic? - salt - iron - alcohol - calcium

4

While at a party, Jenna drank 24 ounces of beer and 10 ounces of wine. Based on this information, her alcohol consumption was equivalent to ____ standard alcoholic drinks.

c

Who has the highest risk of developing osteoporosis? A: A tall 35-year-old African-American woman who consumes 3 cups of dairy products daily. B: A 30-year-old Hispanic-American man who plays basketball 5 days a week. C: A sedentary white male college student who smokes cigarettes. D: A 40-year-old, white woman who has a large body frame and plays singles tennis twice a week.

water intoxication

Yesterday, Jenny ran in a marathon race. While she ran, she drank several large cups of water at water stations along the race course. At the end of the race, she experienced difficulty making it to the finish line. She was confused, and she complained of having a headache and feeling dizzy. Based on this information, Jenny was probably suffering from... -water intoxication -brain cancer -kidney failure -heat cramps

calcium

___ helps with bone formation

iodine

___ helps with thyroid functioning

calcitonin

___ signals certain bone cells to remove excess calcium from blood

zinc

____ decreases copper absorption

physic acid

____ decreases iron absorption

tannins

____ decreases nonheme iron absorption

selenium

____ functions with antioxidant activity

sodium

____ helps with fluid balance

vitamin d

____ increases calcium absorption

vitamin c

____ increases iron absorption

estrogen

____ is needed for normal bone development and maintenance. - thyroid hormone - insulin - glucagon - estrogen

oxalic acid

_____ decreases calcium absorption

chromium

_____ helps insulin enter cells. - chromium - selenium - calcium - boron

iron

_____ helps with red blood cell formation

iodine

a goiter is a ss for ____ deficiency

zinc

a weakened immune system is a ss for a ____ deficiency

potassium

abnormal heartbeat is a ss for ____ deficiency

b

chronic excessive alcohol use... - causes the body to retain heat. - increases fat deposits in the abdominal region. - lowers blood pressure. - causes the heart to shrink.

iodine

excess intake of this mineral can inhibit thyroid gland function

iodine

fortified table salt is rich in:

potassium

fruits are rich in:

yogurt, milk, cheese, kale, ice cream

greatest to least amount of calcium per serving? swiss cheese, light vanilla ice cream, low-fat yogurt, fat-free milk, kale

potassium

in general, fresh fruits and veggies are good sources of... -calcium -zinc -iron -potassium

false

in the US, bottled water is safer than tap water from most municipal water sources

zinc

inadequate intake of this mineral can lead to poor growth and sexual immaturity

fluoride

inadequate intake of this non-essential mineral leads to dental caries

increases

infancy, eating vitamin d-enriched foods and being pregnant ______ calcium absorption

calcium

insufficient intake of this mineral can lead to osteoporosis

damages the heart muscle

over time, excess alcohol intake... -reduces fat deposits in the abdominal region. -damages the heart muscle. - lowers blood pressure. - reduces heat loss from the body.

zinc

oysters are rich in:

false

the majority of alcohol detoxification occurs in the stomach

calcium

the most plentiful mineral in the human body is -magnesium -iron -sodium -calcium

iron

this mineral is needed for hemoglobin synthesis

potassium

this mineral plays a key role in proper fluid balance

fluoride

tooth decay is a ss for _____ deficiency

urine, perspiration, expired air, feces

whats the order from greatest contribution to fluid loss to least contribution to fluid loss per day? feces expired air perspiration urine

calcium, potassium, sodium

which are major minerals? potassium arsenic zinc sodium copper calcium iron boron nickel

boron, arsenic, nickel

which are possible essential minerals? potassium arsenic zinc sodium copper calcium iron boron nickel

zinc, copper iron

which are trace minerals? potassium arsenic zinc sodium copper calcium iron boron nickel

a, c, g, i, j

which decrease osteoporosis risk? A: young male B: asian or caucasian C: non-smoker D: slender frame E: smokes cigarettes F: inactive sedentary lifestyle G: participates in regular physical activity H: excessive alcohol intake I: overweight, large frame J: african-american K: older female

b, d, e, f, h, k

which increases osteoporosis risk? A: young male B: asian or caucasian C: non-smoker D: slender frame E: smokes cigarettes F: inactive sedentary lifestyle G: participates in regular physical activity H: excessive alcohol intake I: overweight, large frame J: african-american K: older female

c

which is true? A: In the United States, a BAC of 0.12% is the legal limit for intoxication for adult drivers. B: Alcohol is stored in body fat. C: Signs of alcohol poisoning include a slowed and irregular heart rate. D: The pancreas is the primary site for alcohol metabolism.

b

which statement is false? A: People with Asian ancestry have a higher risk of osteoporosis than people with African ancestry. B: People who have large body frames have a higher risk of osteoporosis than people who have small body frames. C: Physical activities such as jumping rope, walking, and jogging help keep bones strong. D: Women generally have the highest risk of osteoporosis after menopause.