DnB 3303 Chapter 9
It has been suggested that the accumulation of _________, which is quite toxic even in small quantities, contributes to the nausea and headache during a hangover due to alcohol consumption.
Acetaldehyde
The liver responds to chronic intake of alcohol by increasing the ________.
Activity of metabolic enzymes
The major factor determining the rate of alcohol metabolism is the _______.
Activity of the stomach enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase.
The disease model of alcohol dependence suggests that _______.
Alcohol dependence is a progressive disease characterized by a loss of control over drinking.
__________ is a serious disease caused by prolonged alcohol intake that includes inflammation and impairment of the liver to function.
Alcohol hepatitis
Six of the top ten brands of beer are made by _______, which sells almost half of all U.S. beer.
Anheuser-Busch
Identify a true statement about light beers
They contain about 10 percent less alcohol than strong beers.
___________ forms the basis for all alcoholic beverages
Fermentation
An effect of alcohol on hormonal systems is that it ________.
Suppresses the production of the male hormone testosterone
Identify an event in the United States that made people consider the value of tax revenue from alcohol sale.
The Great Depression
What happens when enough brandy is added to a newly fermented wine?
The wine will not spoil
Identify a symptom of Wernicke's disease, which is an alcohol-related organic brain disease
Ataxia
Which of the following is a negative consequence of Prohibition?
Buying and selling of alcohol illegally
When alcohol is formed during distillation, other alcohols and oils that are known as _________ are also formed.
Congeners
According to studies on twins about alcohol dependence, it was observed that _________.
Inheritance does play a role in alcohol dependence.
In the context of alcohol's mechanism of action, identify a disadvantage of using alcohol as an anesthetic.
It has a long duration of action that cannot be controlled.
Identify a true statement about alcoholic hepatitis , which is a disease caused by prolonged alcohol intake.
It occurs in the areas of the liver where cells are dead or dying.
Identify a true statement about the Association Against Prohibition, which was formed in 1926
Its major hope was that income taxes could be reduced.
Death resulting from acute alcohol intoxication usually is the result of respiratory failure when the _________.
Medulla is depressed
Identify a finding of surveys that studied the influence of alcohol on sexual behavior.
People are more likely to have sex on a date when they drink alcohol on that date
An action of alcohol on the brain is to decrease the output of the _________ responsible for retaining fluid in the body.
Antidiuretic hormone
Identify a consequence of alcoholic-related cirrhosis of the liver.
Decreased ability of the liver to function
Giving alcohol to individuals in shock or extreme cold is not advisable because alcohol _______.
Dilates the peripheral blood vessels in the central nervous system.
_________ is a process in which the solution containing alcohol is heated, and the vapors are collected and condensed into liquid form again.
Distillation
Identify a true statement about a fatty liver, which is a condition caused by alcohol.
Fatty acid droplets increase in size until they rupture the cell membrane, causing death of the liver cells.
In the United States, the alcoholic content of distilled beverages is indicated by the term ________.
Proof
Alcohol taken with or after a meal is absorbed more slowly because the _______.
Protein in the food retains the alcohol with it in the stomach.
In terms of beneficial aspects of alcohol on the heart, there has been speculation that ________ might have better effects than other forms of alcohol due to the presence of antioxidants
Red wine
A level of _____ and below is a safe blood alcohol level concentration, or BAC, for driving under the influence of alcohol.
0.05
In the United States, the minimum age to purchase alcoholic beverages was set at _______ in all states except New York and Louisiana before 1970.
21
Identify a true statement about the behavioral effects of blood alcohol concentration, or BAC.
The rate at which BAC rises is a factor in determining behavioral effects of a person.
In the context of alcohol distribution in the body, women might be more susciptible to the effects of alcohol because _______.
The stomach enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase is more active in men than in women.
Identify a true statement about grain neutral spirits, which contain relatively pure alcohol.
They are essentially tasteless.
Identify a true statement about French champagnes
They are naturally carbonated sparkling wines.
Which of the following statements is true of liqueurs, or cordials?
They are usually consumed in small amounts
