Drugs and Society Chapter 9 Test Review

Research conducted in China found that that approximately what percentage of Chinese teens has been identified as compulsive Internet users?

14%

According to 2005 Bureau of Justice Statistics estimates, approximately what percentage of state prisoners used drugs regularly prior to incarceration?

70%

Which of the following is the correct sequence for stages of change? A. intervention confrontation, overcoming denial, action, recovery B. pre-preparation, preparation (determination), action, recovery, maintenance C. denial, intervention, treatment, action, maintenance, recovery D. Pre-contemplation, contemplation, preparation (determination), action, maintenance

D. Pre-contemplation, contemplation, preparation (determination), action, maintenance

Through the use of brain-imaging technology, researchers have gained insight into risk factors in the brains of people with a family history of alcoholism and found that

Having extra dopamine receptors usually provides a protective factor for people with a family history of alcoholism.

Which of the following acronyms are used to help addicts be aware of the triggers that lead to relapse? #1. Restless, Irritable, Discontent (RID) #2. Bored, Anxious, Angry, Depressed (BAAD) #3. Hungry, Angry, Lonely, Tired (HALT) #4. Hopeless, Enervated, Crazy (HEC)

acronyms 1, 2, and 3 only

Which of the following actions are harm reduction strategies? #1. needle exchange programs #2. testing illegal drugs for users #3. giving away free recreational drugs #4. decriminalization marijuana

actions 1, 2, and 4 only

One of the reasons why there is increasing use of medications to treat addiction is because

certain drugs can lessen craving

Which of the following are common errors that new and inexperienced addiction counselors make in group treatment, according to the textbook? #1. unrealistic and preconceived notions of how the group will progress #2. an inability to recognize the stages of therapy and stages of change #3. failure to drop the professionalism "mask" #4. failure to plan and establish ground rules and not adequately integrating new members into the group

errors 1, 3, and 4 only

Sobriety means abstinence from drug(s) of abuse, whereas recovery means

restructuring one's life to engage in activities that provide relaxation, satisfaction, and natural highs instead of artificial alcohol and other drug highs

The most practical and widely used alcohol and other drug abuse assessment questionnaire for diagnosis and treatment planning is the

American Society of Addiction Medicine Patient Placement Criteria (ASAM-PPC)

Assessment is the first step in addiction treatment.

False

Coerced (legally mandated) treatment is not as effective as voluntary treatment.

False

Currently there is less reliance on evidence-based treatment and more on the personal experiences and intuition of the provider.

False

In a formal intervention, a "facilitator" is a family members, close friends and/or co-workers chosen to act as the leader of the session.

False

It is not possible to become an alcoholic if you have no family history of alcoholism.

False

Long-term follow-up research has confirmed that controlled drinking works for former and recovering alcoholics.

False

Modifying treatment and tailoring it to the culture of specific populations decreases the effectiveness of treatment and diminishes outcomes.

False

New evidenced-based assessment and treatment placement tools like the Addiction/Alcohol Severity Index have not been shown to better match clients to the treatments they need.

False

Outpatient treatment costs more than incarcerating a felon.

False

Studies have not found any measurable savings from the funds that states invest in treatment for substance use disorders.

False

There is a national registry of prevention and treatment programs, but program results are anecdotal rather than evidence based.

False

There is a universally accepted treatment, which has been proven effective for everyone who has an addiction.

False

Chemical dependency may be the greatest public health problem in the United States

True

Endogenous craving associated with initial abstinence is a type of drug hunger brought about by the depletion of brain neurotransmitters during drug use.

True

In the United States, it is becoming common practice for drug and alcohol treatment centers to include treatment for nicotine addiction as part of their programs.

True

Substituting a "less harmful" drug for a "more harmful" drug is a form of harm reduction.

True

The goal of evidence-based efforts treatment is to ensure that treatment providers consistently use strategies with the best potential for positive outcomes.

True

The majority of people in federal prison are serving sentences for drug-related offences.

True

Treating people with addictions costs substantially less than incarcerating them for the same length of time.

True

If you are conducting research to learn about the metabolic function of drugs in different parts of the brain, which of the following imaging techniques should be used?

fMRI (functional magnetic resonance imaging)

Which of the following best defines codependency? A. Both individuals in a relationship drink or use drugs together. B. An individual depends on the addict to fulfill some need of his or her own. C. A counselor and his or her addicted client develop a mutually therapeutic need. D. An individual is addicted to more than one substance.

B. An individual depends on the addict to fulfill some need of his or her own.

Which of the following are post-acute withdrawal symptoms? #1. physical coordination difficulties (dizziness, balance problems) #2. anxiety and hypersensitivity to stress #3. inability to think clearly and problems with short-term memory #4. inappropriate emotional reactions and mood swings

symptoms 2, 3, and 4 only

Which of the following best describes important considerations in treatment of American Indian substance abusers? A. Nearly 60% of treatment admissions of American Indians are for alcohol abuse. B. American Indians are a homogenous group with little difference in culture and traditions from one tribe or nation to another. C. There are no culturally specific needs for American Indians, particularly if they have been living on a reservation or in a sovereign nation. D. Substance abuse among American Indians is rare.

A. Nearly 60% of treatment admissions of American Indians are for alcohol abuse.

Which of the following best describes desensitization (cue extinction) in relapse prevention? A. having the addict take an excessive amount of the abused drug, causing sickness rather than a pleasant experience B. exposing the addict to drug-using situations and other triggers to induce a craving, preventing them from using and then desensitizing them through continued trigger exposures along with education, biofeedback, or talk-down C. having the addict regularly take medication like Antabuse to help curb the desire to drink or use other drugs D. encouraging the addict to avoid people they used to use with

B. exposing the addict to drug-using situations and other triggers to induce a craving, preventing them from using and then desensitizing them through continued trigger exposures along with education, biofeedback, or talk-down

Which of the following best describes chronic, high-dose marijuana use? A. It can cause true addiction with both physical and emotional dependence. B. Withdrawal symptoms occur within hours after cessation of use. C. Physical withdrawal from marijuana dependence usually requires medical treatment. D. Marijuana is not addictive.

C. Physical withdrawal from marijuana dependence usually requires medical treatment.

Addiction generally affects only the person with the problem and does not affect family members or family dynamics.

False

Even after a person has gone through alcohol or other drug detoxification, it can take months for the brain and body chemistry to regain balance.

True

Which of the following are principles of effective treatment? #1. Effective treatment must focus solely on the client's drug use. #2. Treatment needs to be readily available. #3. No single treatment is appropriate for all individuals. #4. An individual's treatment and services plan must be continually assessed and modified when necessary.

principles 1, 2, 3, and 4

Which of the follow statements about eating disorders and substance abuse are true? #1. The prevalence of eating disorders is higher among people with substance abuse problems than they are among the general population. #2. The prevalence of substance abuse is higher among people with an eating disorder than it is among the general population. #3. Both problems use the same abstinence-based approach to recovery. #4. Both problems are completely unrelated.

statements 1 and 2 only

Which of the following statements correctly address the treatment needs regarding polydrug abuse or co-occurring addictions? #1. Treatment programs must identify the total drug profile of each client. #2. In addition to a client's drug problems, behavioral addictions such as gambling, compulsive eating, or Internet addiction must be addressed. #3. For treatment to be successful, every issue that threatens continuous recovery or impair an addicts quality of life should be addressed. #4. The drug addiction must be addressed as chemical dependency rather than a drug-specific problem and the behavioral addictions require the same intensity of treatment as the substance use disorders.

statements 1, 2, 3, and 4

Which of the following meets the definition of harm reduction?

willingness to work for incremental reductions in risk rather than to require complete abstinence and any steps taken by drug users to reduce the harm of their behavior

Which of the following techniques is not an aspect of motivational interviewing? A. involving clients so that they become their own advocates for recovery, rather than the therapist or program being the stimulus for change B. confronting clients in an effort to help them get beyond their denial C. matching motivational tasks to each client's stage of change D. helping clients change ambivalence about drug use into motivation for abstinence and recovery

D. helping clients change ambivalence about drug use into motivation for abstinence and recovery

Which of the following is not involved in the early steps of treatment? A. recognition and acceptance of the addiction by the addict B. overcoming denial C. an intervention and detoxification D. resolution of whatever past emotional trauma initially caused the addiction

D. resolution of whatever past emotional trauma initially caused the addiction

The first government-funded addiction treatment facilities were known as

Narcotic Farms

What is the name for the medical strategy to treat addiction targeted at the addiction caused imbalance of brain chemistry that reinforces the need to continue drug use?

Restoration of Homeostasis

Coerced treatment includes which of the following? #1. mandated participation by the criminal justice system through drug courts #2. mandatory minimum sentencing guidelines for drug offenses #3. probation/parole stipulations #4. state or federal legislation requiring compulsory treatment

options 1, 2, 3, and 4

In which of the following ways can medications (drugs) be appropriately used to support people in treatment and recovery? #1. for detoxification #2. to control withdrawal symptoms #3. to reduce cravings #4. to promote long-term abstinence

reasons 1, 2, 3, and 4

Which of the following statements are true regarding computer-related addiction? #1. Nearly 14% of teenagers in China have been identified as compulsive Internet users. #2. Computer-related addictions include cybersexual addiction, online gambling, and compulsive use of the Internet. #3. As with other addictions, computer-related addiction includes loss of control and the development of tolerance. #4. Computer-related addictions are an official diagnosis in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual.

statements 1, 2, and 3 only