Earth Science - Ch 10 Multiple Choice
Where oceanic crust is being thrust beneath a continental mass, ________ subduction zones often occur. a) Andean - type b) Himalaya - type c) American - type d) Aleutian - type e) Arctic - type
a) Andean - type
It is assumed that many of the terranes found in the North American Cordillera were once crustal fragments scattered throughout the eastern ________ ocean basin. a) Pacific b) Atlantic c) Indian
a) Pacific
A thrust fault is best described as a ______________ fault. a) low - angle, reverse b) steep - angle, oblique c) vertical, normal
a) low - angle, reverse
Orogenesis refers to those processes that collectively produce a) mountain system b) earthquakes c) oceanic plates d) trenches e) subduction zones
a) mountain system
______________ is a good example of a present - day active continental margin. a) western margin of South America b) eastern margin of North America c) western margin of Africa d) southern margin of India
a) western margin of South America
The final orogeny that produced the Appalachians occurred about ______ million years ago. a) 20 b) 80 c) 170 d) 250 e) 400
d) 250
Where two oceanic plates converge, _____________ subduction zones often occur. a) Andean - type b) Himalayan - type c) American - type d) Aleutian - type e) Arctic - type
d) Aleutian - type
Which one of the following is NOT a form of rock deformation? a) elastic deformation b) ductile deformation c) brittle failure d) erosion
d) erosion
The rock immediately above a fault surface is commonly called the a) anticline b) foot - wall c) syncline d) hanging wall e) dip - slip
d) hanging wall
Which one of the following is NOT a factor that influences the strength of a rock? a) time b) rock type c) temperature d) confining pressure e) age
e) age
As heat and pressure increase, ductile deformation a) stops occurring b) becomes less likely c) is replaced by elastic deformation d) can cause erosion e) becomes more likely
e) becomes more likely
Folding is usually the result of a) tensional forces b) shear forces c) faulting d) jointing e) compressional forces
e) compressional forces
The _________ Mountains are primarily a volcanic arc produced by a subducting plate. a) Himalaya b) Andes c) Adirondacks d) Ural e) Appalachian
b) Andes
A good example of a present - day passive continental margin would be the a) western margin of South America b) eastern margin of North America c) western margin of North America d) northern margin of India
b) eastern margin of North America
The removal of material by erosion will cause the crust to a) subduct b) rise c) fold d) subside e) thicken
b) rise
The San Andreas fault system is a well - known example of a(n) _______ fault. a) normal b) transform c) thrust d) reverse e) overturned
b) transform
___________ is the concept that the rocks of the crust and the upper mantle are floating in gravitational balance. a. orogeny b. isostacy c. orogenesis d. isotrophy
b. isostacy
Which one of the following mountain ranges has formed where continental crusts have converged? a) Sierra Nevada b) Andes Mountains c) Himalaya Mountains d) Coast Ranges
c) Himalaya Mountains
The collision and joining of crustal fragments to a continent is called continental a) subduction b) isostasy c) accretion d) suturing e) aggradation
c) accretion
Which one of the following features is formed by crustal upwarping? a) syncline b) basin c) anticline d) graben e) accretionary wedge
c) anticline
Faults where the movement is primarily vertical are called ____ faults. a) transform b) oblique c) dip - slip d) random e) strike - slip
c) dip - slip
The most important difference between faults and joints is that joints a) occur along folds b) are often parallel c) have no displacement d) are usually vertical e) are very rare
c) have no displacement
A fracture with horizontal displacement parallel to its surface trend is called a(n) __________ fault. a) dip - slip b) joint c) strike - slip d) oblique - slip e) overturned
c) strike - slip
The __________ is characterized by the accretion of foreign terranes. a) western margin of Africa b) southern margin of India c) western margin of North America d) eastern margin of South america
c) western margin of North America
The thickest part of the crust occurs in a) asthenosphere b) the ocean basin c) young mountain ranges d) eastern Canada e) old eroded mountains
c) young mountain ranges