EDC 102 Midterm URI
Spanierman v. Hughes
The court case that found the act of setting up a social networking site for your class was not protected under the rights of the 1st Amendment
Metacognition
Thinking about your own thinking
White Privilege
Unearned and unacknowledged benefits conveyed by being white in america
Teacher Shortage Areas (not states)
Urban --> high turnover rate Rural --> poorer conditions, lower pay, lower SES
School Drop Out Rates
Highest dropout rate is in 9th grade
LRE
Least Restrictive Environment --> equal access to learning
Teacher Centered Philo
Positivism, Behaviorism, Essentialism -Teacher focused students master and follow directions
Backwards Design
*Establishing goal* then assessment then teaching methtod
Bloom's Taxonomy
*Evaluation*- Assessing theories, comparing ideas, evaluating outcomes, solving, judging, recommending, rating *Synthesis*- using old ideas to create new ones, design and invention *Analysis*- Identifying and analyzing patterns, organizing ideas, recognizing trends *Application*- using and applying knowledge, problem solving methods, manipulating, designing, experimenting *Comprehension*- Understanding, demonstrating, discussing *Knowledge* - recall of info, discovery, observation, listing, naming, locating
Howard Gardener
*Multiple intelligences theory* (7) -Linguistic -Logical-Mathematical -Musical -Spatial -Kinesthetic -Inter/Intra personal promotes student engagement
Private Schools
- 4/5 are religious -most elementary -all single sex are private -different common core and testing etc
Pragmatism
-*evolving and change* --> not being or permanency -using ideas for problem solving -understanding what it means to know in the moment -learn best through experience -->applied knowledge
Behaviorism
-Behavior is not hereditary, its based on environment -Behavior is a reaction to external stimuli -curriculum based on behavioral objectives -knowledge is observable -highly organized environment -teacher adapts surroundings
School Voucher
-Certificate of funding for an individual for public school -can be used to pay for a private school -tax $
Magnet Schools
-Free public elementary and high schools -*focused theme or assigned curricula* --> STEM, Fine and preforming Arts, etc -more hands-on --> *inquiry or performance/project based* -Still follow common core
Virtual Schools
-Huge growth -70% at high school level -availability of content (flexibility) top reason for enrolling
Student Centered Philosophies
-Humanism, Progressivism, Constructivism -teacher as learner, student as teacher -education a collaborative process of clarifying meaning
States with a decrease in hiring
-North East -Michigan, Ohio, West Virginia, Mississippi
Teachers and family involvement
-Parental support = better grades Can be done by: -Conversations (in person or on phone) -Providing info about the students benchmarks and skills -offering appointment hours at different times -requiring the parents of failing students attend programs to help their kid
John Dewey
-Progressivism --> pragmatic approaches -collaborative learning -process-oriented method to problem solving -Fundamental mental factors: Learner, Society, Organize Subject matter
States with an Increase in hiring
-Southern -Texas, Nevada, Arizona, Georgia, North Carolina
Earning Teaching License
-Transition to teaching (in high needs areas) -Traditional route (college) Alternative routes: -Troops for teachers -Teach for America -Graduate licensure --> already have undergrad degree
Hidden Curriculum
-a hidden curriculum that maintains power relations between teachers and students -reinforces existing differences between socioeconomic levels thru practices such as tracking and self-fulfilling prophecies
Professional Dispositions
-able to discipline -committed to continuous learning -believe all children can learn at high levels -understand many modes of communication -form cooperative partnerships with families and comunities
Education Achievement Gap
-differences in academic achievement among groups based on their race, ethnicity, SES, native lang, sex, etc -the pattern of achievement for students of color is similar to low income students
Positivism
-discards ideas of conscious and spirit -focused on observable measurable info -laws of matter and motion -direct and clear expectations and directions -knowledge gained thru observing -all students assessed same way
IDEA (Individuals with Disabilities Education Act)
-federal law that governs the education of students with disabilities
Charter schools
-focus on what traditional public schools have undeserved academically -can be started by anyone -some are Montessori, compass etc -->*usually central to a philosophy or belief system* -3 to 5 years to meet charter
Constructivism
-hands on, experience based learning -critical thinking --> big ideas -freedom to infer and discover own answers -prob based learning
School to Prison Pipeline
-increasing patterns of conflict students are having with juvenile and adult correctional systems -result of the recent practices implemented by educational institutions, specifically zero tolerance policies and the use of police in schools.
Academic Subject with Teacher shortages
-math, chem, physics, ESL, dual lang, etc
Teacher Stats
-more than 60% at elementary level -more than 20% who are hired annually are not teaching 3 years later
Pragmatism in schools
-not lecturing but teaching how to solve problems and approach situations -curriculum centered on academic disciplines -stresses changing nature of reality -*collaboration* thru *technology* is key
Bullying
-peaks in middle school -minorities and LGBTQ targeted -Cyberbullying is increasing
Socioeconomic Status (SES)
-primary indicator of family standard of living -measured by occupation, income, and education -impacts chances of attending college and getting jobs
Humanism
-schools objective is students -develop free, good, self-actualizing person -education should start with individual self *(or human)* -more expensive schools -lots of freedom, open access curriculum (that is found in environment not subject matter), non-graded, mixed ages etc
Brown v. Board of Education -Topeka 1956
-separate facilities are inherently unequal -another lawsuit next year to speed up desegregation
Factors for student Achievement
-social -creative -physical -intellectual
Progressivism
-teaches kids how to solve probs -->how to think, not what -Human experience is basis of knowledge -ideas thru experiments, initiate questions -Schools are a vehicle for societal change --> *Progress*
Essentialism
-teaching what is 'essential' what everyone needs to know -mainly focuses on developing basic skills, not truths -hard work and mental discipline
No Child Left Behind
2001 -annual yearly progress -intense federal control -one size fits all mentality grows into *Every Student Succeeds Act* 2015
Every Student Succeeds Act
2015 --> grows from No Child Left Behind -est common core standards -served historically underachieving populations
Teaching Standings
CAEP --> Counsel for Accreditation of Educator Preparation Teacher code of conduct
FERPA Family Privacy Rights
Familly educational right to privacy act protects the privacy of student education records and gives Family Privacy rights
Race v. Ethnicity v. National Origin
Race --> Black, white, Asian, Latino Ethnicity --> Afro-Am, Irish, Cuban National Origin --> USA, Japan, UK
Sex v. Gender v. Sexual Orientation
Sex --> biological sex Gender --> how student self Identifies Sexual Orientation --> who the student is attracted to
Grant Wiggins
understanding by design -topics taught in depth not breadth -goals and assessments previously established -*backwards design approach* -Teacher collaboration -Adjustments made based on student success
Enculturation
we acquire our culture and become competent in it's lang and ways of behaving and knowing
RTI --> Response to Intervention
additional instruction as needed for specific populations
Common Core standards
curricular standards adopted by the majority of US states
Zero Tolerance Policy
Zero tolerance for infractions of school rules