Electron Configuration (SparkNotes)

When filling atomic sub-shells by the Aufbau principle, how many electrons can be fit into each s sub-shell

two

The Aufbau principal guides the procedure for finding the _______ electron configuration of an atom or ion

ground-state

The order for atomic sub-shells in which electrons are placed is 1s, ______,_______,3s,______,4s,_______,_______,5s

1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p, 4s, 3d, 4p, 5s

How many unpaired valence electrons are there in phosphorus (P)?

three

When filling atomic sub-shells by the Aufbau principal, how many electrons can be fit into each p sub-shell? each d sub-shell?

p sub-shell: 6 electrons d sub-shells: 10 electrons

Write the full ground-state electron configuration of titanium (Ti)

1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s²3d²

What is the highest atomic sub-shell that ground-state phosphorus electrons completely fill?

3s

In finding the ground-state electron configuration of an atom or ion, electrons are represented as up or down ______ in a box diagram in which each box represents an ______ number value.

In finding the ground-state electron configuration of an atom or ion, electrons are represented as up or down arrows (spins) in a box diagram in which each box represents an atomic orbital number value.

What does Hund's rules say about the behavior of atoms?

It says that atoms will maximize the number of parallel spins when multiple electrons are present in a sub-shell

What does the Pauli exclusion principal say about two electrons in the same atom or ion?

It says that no two electrons in the same atom or ion can have completely identical sets of quantum numbers

What is the full electron configuration of sodium (Na)? What is the valence electron configuration?

The full electron configuration is 1s²2s²2p⁶3s¹ Sodiums calence electron configuration is 3s¹

What is the valence electron configuration of nitrogen (N)? How many valence electrons does nitrogen have?

The valence electron configuration is 2s²2p³. Nitrogen has five valence electrons.

An atom can obtain a full valence shell by doing what with other atoms?

bonding

The octet rule does not always apply to atoms with electrons in _____ orbitals

d

An atom is most stable when its valence shell is ______.

full

The _____ states that an atom prefers to gain or lose electrons until its valence shell is completely filled (it contains eight electrons)

octet rule

In all atomic orbitals, paired electrons must have ______ spins?

opposite

The electrons in the outermost occupied shell of an atom are called _____ electrons

valence