embalming/science questions

-cavity fluid -phenol -alcohol -preservative gel -special bleaching fluid

A body has multiple stains on the hands, arms, and face. After embalming the stain is still there. Which of the following could you use to remove the stains?

Face from float downward

A drowning victim (prior to an autopsy) presents with postmortem staining and enough gas to cause the body to float to the surface. The postmortem stain will be most intense in the ____ because ___________.

Mold Growth

A good drying of the body will help stop

Elevate the legs

A possible treatment for a body with edema in the legs would be

eccchymosis

A type of blood discoloration that is NOT easily removed by arterial injection and venous drainage is

Partial

An autopsy in which only one body cavity is opened to examine one specific item.

*-Gravity Filtration -diffusion*

Arterial solution spreads through interstitial fluid by the transport system in

Massage cream the forehead

Before posing facial features on a cranial autopy, the first step is

Anthracosis (black Lung)

Coal Dust -caused from occlusion of artery

Byssinosis(brown lung)

Cotton Dust

Legs

In an autopsy what part of the body is injected first to observe tissue reaction

Hydrolysis

In the _________ of proteins, the addition of water accompanied by action of enzymes results in the breakdown of protein into amino acids.

*Lower Right abdomen(green)*

In what Quadrant does decomp first show

Silicosis

Stone Dust

Infant

Supplemental fluids are used with regular arterial on what type of case

*Viscera(intestines/stomach)*

The Accumulation of gases form in what part of the body

High Index

The Body has been in the river for 5 day's , skin slip in severe, and deep tissue structures have been invaded by vermin. At the very least the body requires?

Green

The arterial injection of a jaundice case with normal arterial fluid will likely cause which kind of a discoloration?

Hydrolysis

The decomp. of human remains is a chemical change in which matter is broken down into smaller types of matter. The most significant process related to this change is

Spray disinfectant for odor

The embalming treatment for a case with any areas of gangrene is to first:

Slightly Alkaline

The ideal pH conditions in which embalming solutions react best with proteins, i

length

The method of affixing hair depends on

*7.4(alkaline)*

The normal body PH of blood and tissue is what(primary flaccidity)

ears

The paired structures that exhibit the most difference in form and position are the?

Let Purge Continue

The person you are about to embalm exhibits pre-embalming anal purge, which you clean up and begin arterial injection. The anal purge starts again! You should:

Smaller Than

The vessels of an obese person are likely to be [x] the vessels of a normal-sized person.

Antemortem

Those changes occurring in the interval prior to somatic death are called

Centrigiful Pump question on that

Today, the most commonly-used injection apparatus is

Jaundice Body

Washing with soap and warm water can help remove loose pigment from the surface of what body body

*-Wiring -Suturing -Plaster of Paris*

What are the 3 methods in holding the calvarium in place

Sex Age Environment

What are the 3 predisposing causes of disease?

-cranium -thorax -torso

What are the three types of autopsies

Germicidal Soap then Shampoo

What do you use when washing hair when its done PRIOR to and AFTER embalming

Stomach or lung purge

What is a common problem in preparing the body of a drowning victim, whose body was not autopsied?

Bilirubin(yellow)

What is an excessive of when the body has jaundice

Hypodermic Embalming

What is immensely important when embalming an obese body, as the fatty tissue does not take very well to the arterial embalming.

*Alkaline*

What is the Ph level of a body that has been embalmed

*Acidic*

What is the Ph level of a body that has not yet been embalmed

Distribution

What is the clearing up of intravascular discolorations a sign of:

Yellow-Green

What is the initial color change of decomp tissue

*Putrefaction*

What is the main reason for decomposition

PH

What is the measure of hydrogen ion concentration of a solution.

CH20(formaldehyde)

What is the solute in arterial fluid

*nitrogenious waste(ammonia)*

What neutralizes the formaldehyde

Decay

What of the body contributes to skin slip

Bar of soap

What of the following gets stains out of clothing, stains caused by most mortuary cosmetics?

Phagocytes

What removes foreign matter from a wound

*Seminlunar(flap)Incision*

What type of incision is used when removing a goiter? (Made from center of right to center of left clavicle)

*Semilunar Incision*

What type of incision should you use when there is swelling in the neck and glandular tissue? Made 1-2 above center of clavicle

*Restricted cervical with continuous drainage*

What type of injection and drainage should you use when there is swelling in the face from edema and the body was NOT autopsied?

Purse String

What type of suture should you use on the anus when it is purging

Warm salt water

What will make plaster of paris set quick

Cold Vinegar water

What will make plaster of paris set slowly

Peritonitis

What would predispose a dead human body to rapid decomposition?

*Inject preservative cautery discoloration agent between fingers and discolored areas*

When Ecchymosis(most common) is on the back of the hand what should you do?

*Alkaline*

When a body has advanced Decomp. the PH will be

*as low as 5 or 6*

When a body has rigor mortis what is the PH of the body

Arteriosclerosis

When a diabetes case is presented, the embalmer must keep in mind that there are several conditions that will most likely accompany the disease

Superior thyroid Artery

When injecting through the carotid arteries what artery would you clamp off

Raised and close to the side of body

When positioning the elbows they should be placed

Close together

When positioning the feet they should be placed

Placed on table or lowered over the table

When positioning the hands they should be places

Massage Cream

When preparing the infant case, what is recommended to be applied to the tissues of the visible parts of the body during embalming?

Right side

When suturing on the scalp what side should you do first

-Vertebral -Internal thoracic -Inferior thyroid

Which of the following vessels should be clamped when a complete autopsy (head and trunk) has been done and you are injecting the arms using the subclavian arteries?

Cold Water

Which of the following would be most helpful in removing blood (as a surface discoloration) from the skin?

Purge/edema from gastrointestinal ulcers

Which of the following would be of concern to the embalmer if it was known that the deceased suffered from renal failure?

Femoral Artery

Which of the following would you choose as a primary injection site to give you the most control in achieving uniform fluid distribution and symmetry in the facial tissues?

a

Which of these conditions contributes to skin-slip? a.)putrefaction of body tissues b.)decay of body tissues c.)lipolysis of body tissues d.)saccharolysis of body tissues

*Conceals signs of fluid distribution*

Why is it important to remove surface discoloring agents prior to embalming?

Clearing of it shows signs of arterial distribution

Why is livor mortis a benefit to the embalmer?

"gently" flex -rotate -bend -massage

You should do what to remove rigor mortis

High Pressure

You should never use____treatment on a body with intravascular difficulties

b

a tissue gas that can be transmitted from one deceased to another as a result of improper disinfection of the tracer a.)streptoccous pyogens b.)clostridium perfringens c.)clostridium tetani d.)staphylococcus aureus

a

chemical secretions given off by the endocrine glands a.)hormones b.)red blood cells c.)white blood cells d.)bile

Pneumoconiosis

denote any prolonged inhalation of mineral dust

c

main organ of the integumentary system a.)pleural cavity b.)heart c.)skin d.)epididymis

c

mode of transmission of infections is a form of direct transmission a.)food b.)fomite c.)droplet d.)milk

d

phalanges is the name used to classify bones in the distal portion of a.)hand b.)elbow c.)toes d.)both a and c

Cold water sling

placed around around the aperature of the mouth to hold the lips together.

d

term that describes a bacterium that is rod-shaped or cylindrical a.)vibrio b.)coccus c.)spiral d.)bacillus

b

the center of circulatory system a.)lungs b.)heart c.)arteries d.)veins

d

the centers for disease control concluded that funeral directors had an elevated risk of contracting a variety of blood borne and airborne pathogens as a result of their contact with dead bodies, and found the most frequently reported diseased by funeral directors included a.)hematoma b.)staphylococcal infection c.)cutaneous tuberulosis d.)both b and c

b

the hip contains a pair of coxal bones, and is made of 3 fused bones collectively known as a.)patella b.)the pelvic girdle c.)the phalanges d.)circle of willis

c

trocar guides serve to access the heart, cecum, urinary bladder, and a.)lungs b.)liver c.)stomach d.)kidneys

Remove material left in the tissue bank and discard

when corneas have been donated

d

which of of the following facial markings is ACQUIRED over times a.)nasal sulcus b.)nasolabial fold c.)philtrum d.)nasolabial sulcus

a

which of the following correctly describes the amount of movement associated synarthosis articulation a.)not movable b.)somewhat movable c.)extremely movable d.)none of the above

d

which of the following physical methods is generally accepted as the least bactericidal a.)dry heat b.)moist heat c.)autoclave d.)cold

Hypodermically inject

How do you treat the walls of an autopsied body

Embalm it seperately

If the body has a severed limb you should do what

Inject more arterial solution

If the body is purging arterial solution what should you do

trocar button or superglue

If there is a Intravenous line puncture leakage what should you use to prevent it from leaking anymore

2-3%

Standard cases, although rare, require about a primary dilution factor to achieve a good preservation and sufficiently disinfect the body.

Extravascular

Embalming can make what type of stains worse

Dried with cavity fluid compress

Following the removal of loose skin and hypodermic injection(after embalming) an area of skin slip should be

*Bonding proteins together at their peptide linkages.*

How do embalming fluids achieve preservation and disinfection?

Left

On a CRANIAL Autopsy what part of the head should be injected first

b

Peyer's patches are lymph nodes embedded in the walls of the a.)cecum b.)ileum c.)stomach d.)colon

Mandibular Suture

She has dentures but also serious gum disease. Which of the following methods of mouth closure should you consider to secure her mouth?