Emergent Abdominal Ultrasound Procedures Chapter 19

2. The complications of peritoneal lavage include all of the following except:

Pneumothorax

9. Posttrauma, the most common location for fluid to accumulate is in the ___________.

Morison's pouch

12. In the early stages of testicular torsion, the echogenicity of the testis appears _____________.

Normal

15. Sonographic findings in acute pancreatitis may include which one of the following?

Normal-appearing parenchyma

17. The most common cause of acute cholecystitis is:

Obstruction of the cystic duct

10. The initial survey of a FAST scan is directed to the:

Pericardium

6. The most common sonographic finding of a hernia is:

Peristalsis of the bowel during a Valsalva maneuver

8. For years, which one of the following techniques has been used as a surgical tool for the diagnosis of hemoperitoneum?

Peritoneal lavage

25. In reproductive-age women, free fluid isolated to the posterior cul-de-sac is likely which one of the following?

Physiologic

14. Sonographic findings of acute cholecystitis include all of the following except:

Small gallbladder

33. The most typical presentation of an aortic dissection is that of a sudden onset of severe, tearing ______________ pain radiating to the arms, neck or back.

a. Chest

22. The most common cause of acute cholecystitis is ________________ with a cystic duct obstruction.

a. Cholelithasis

37. Most paraumbilical hernias contain ___________, ____________, and _____________.

a. Colon b. Omentum c. Fat

29. The pulse repetition frequency should be _____________ to assess the low velocity of the ureteral jet flow.

a. Decreased

17. Hemorrhage in the peritoneal cavity collects in the most ____________ area of the abdomen.

a. Dependent

30. A ____________ is a condition in which a propagating intramural hematoma actually dissects along the length of the vessel, stripping away the intima and, in some cases, part of the media.

a. Dissecting Aortic Aneurysm

12. The ___________ scan in the emergency department is a limited examination of the abdomen or pelvis to evaluate free fluid or pericardial fluid.

a. FAST

4. Limited examination of the abdomen or pelvis to evaluate free fluid or pericardial fluid:

a. Focused assessment with sonography trauma

16. The goal is to scan the ___________ quadrants, _______________ sac and cul-de-sac for presence of free fluid or hemoperitoneum.

a. Four b. Pericardial

26. If the stone completely obstructs the ureter, no _____________ will be present.

a. Hematuria

1. Collection of bloody fluid in the abdomen or pelvis secondary to trauma or surgical procedure:

a. Hemoperitoneum

13. In the contexts of traumatic injury, free fluid is usually a result of ______________ and contributes to the assessment of the circulation.

a. Hemorrhage

35. A _____________ forms when the abdominal wall muscles are weakened, which allows the viscera to protrude into the weakened abdominal wall.

a. Hernia

27. When obstruction occurs, ultrasound is very effective in demonstrating the secondary sign of ______________.

a. Hydronephrosis

24. Sonographic findings in acute pancreatitis show a normal to edematous gland that is somewhat ____________ to normal texture.

a. Hypoechoic

8. Imprisonment or confinement of a part of the bowel; the visceral contents cannot be reduced:

a. Incarcerated Hernia

11. Peritoneal lavage carries a risk of organ injury and decreases the specificity of subsequent ultrasonography or computed tomography (CT) because of the introduction of ________________ fluid and air.

a. Intraperitoneal

6. Procedure used in radiography wherein contrast is administered intravenously to help the technician visualize the urinary system:

a. Intravenous Urography

18. ____________ lacerations or contusions are more easily detected with ultrasound than any other visceral abdominal injury.

a. Liver

34. With appendicitis, the patient will usually have rebound tenderness, "______________ sign," associated with peritoneal irritation.

a. McBurney

14. The FAST scan area of evaluation is widespread, extending from the pericardial sac to the urinary bladder and including the _____________ area (including Morison's Pouch), the _______________ region (including splenorenal recess), _________________ and _____________________.

a. Perihepatic b. Parasplenal c. Paracolic Gutters d. Cul-De-Sac

36. Sonography allows visualization of the ______________ movement of the bowel during Valsalva maneuvers and determines the presence or absence of vascular flow within the defect.

a. Peristaltic

3. Invasive procedure that is used to sample the intraperitoneal space for evidence of damage to viscera and blood vessels:

a. Peritoneal Lavage

9. This procedure, called _________________, is used to sample the intraperitoneal space for evidence of damage to the viscera and blood vessels.

a. Peritoneal Lavage

20. The female patients of reproductive age with trauma, free fluid isolated to the cul-de- sac is likely _______________.

a. Physiologic

7. Condition seen in a patient with aortic dissection:

a. Pseudodissection

2. Capable of being replaced in a normal position; the visceral contents can be returned to normal intraabdominal location:

a. Reducible Hernia

15. Accessibility and ______________ of performance are critical in the trauma setting.

a. Speed

5. An incarcerated hernia with vascular compromise:

a. Strangulated Hernia

32. ___________ hypertension is nearly always associated with aortic dissection.

a. Systemic

25. Flank pain caused by ________________ is a common problem in patients presenting to the emergency department.

a. Urolithiasis

38. The patient should be instructed to perform a _________ maneuver to determine the site of wall defect and confirm the presence of the protruding hernia.

a. Valsalva

22. Paraumbilical hernia occurs more often in which one of the following?

Female adults

18. Stones as small as _____ millimeters (mm) may be visualized with ultrasound.

0.5

11. Torsion of the spermatic cord occurs as a result of which one of the following?

Abnormal mobility of the testis

13. One of the most common conditions that necessitate emergent surgery is:

Acute appendicitis

16. Midepigastric pain radiating to the back is characteristic of:

Acute pancreatitis

19. Approximately 70% of aortic dissections occur in the:

Ascending aorta

5. Three types of abdominal hernias include all of the following except:

Carcerated hernia

1. People go to the emergency department for all of the following frequent reasons except: Chest pain Ear pain Flank pain Respiratory distress

Ear pain

3. In the trauma setting, the most common finding of free fluid in the abdomen or pelvis is:

Hemoperitoneum

20. Which one of the following is nearly always associated with aortic dissection?

Hypertension

23. A hernia in the bowel that cannot be reduced is a(n) ______________ hernia.

Incarcerated

7. The traditional modality of choice for evaluating urolithiasis is:

Intravenous urography

4. The sonographic finding in aortic dissection includes all of the following except:

Laminar blood flow pattern

24. A hernia with vascular compromise is ________________.

Strangulated

21. A pseudodissection demonstrates which one of the following?

Turbulent blood flow pattern

21. If the patient is female with symptoms of right upper quadrant pain, fever, and leukocytosis, ___________________ should be ruled out.

a. Acute Cholecystitis

23. Midepigastric pain that radiates to the back is characteristic of ____________________.

a. Acute Pancreatitis

19. A brisk intraparenchymal hemorrhage may be identified as an __________________ region within the abnormal parenchyma, whereas a global parenchymal injury may project into the liver as a widespread architectural disruption with absence of the normal vascular pattern.

a. Anechoic

31. Most aortic dissections are located in the ____________ aorta.

a. Ascending

10. Peritoneal lavage is usually used as a diagnostic technique in certain cases of __________ abdominal trauma.

a. Blunt

28. With the bladder distended, the color Doppler is an excellent tool to image the presence of ureteral jets into the bladder; the transducer should be angled in a ______________ presentation through the distended urinary bladder.

a. Cephalic