EMT chapter 1-23
infant
1 month to 1 year
toddler
1-3 years
adolescent
12-18 years
early adult
19-40 years
preschool
3-6 years
school age
6-12 years
older adults
61 years and older
What is the average life expectancy and the maximum life expectancy?
78 and 120
thrombosis
A blood clot, either in the arterial or venous system.
functional disorder
A disorder in which there is no known physiologic reason for the abnormal functioning of an organ or organ system.
A ventilation/perfusion mismatch occurs when
A disruption in blood flow inhibits, the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs, even though the alveoli are filled with fresh oxygen
sickle cell disease
A hereditary disease that causes normal come around red blood cells to become oblong, or sickle shaped.
Insulin
A hormone produced by the pancreas or taken as a medication by many diabetics. That enables glucose in the blood to enter the cells
psychosis
A mental disorder characterized by the loss of contact with reality.
A folding or portable structure is most beneficial when
A second patient must be transported on the squad bunch of the ambulance
cellular metabolism
A set of chemical reactions to supply cells with energy. Includes both in aerobic and anaerobic metabolism.
delirium tremens (DTs)
A severe withdrawal syndrome seen in alcoholics who are deprived of ethyl alcohol; characterized by restlessness, fever, sweating, disorientation, agitation, and seizures; can be fatal if untreated.
opiate
A substance of the opioid family, referring to natural, non-synthetic opioids
Opioid
A synthetically produced narcotic medication, drug, or agent similar to the opiate morphine, but not derived from opium; used to relieve pain.
Thrombophilia
A tendency toward the development of blood clots as a result of an abnormality of the system of coagulation.
tidal volume
Amount of air that moves in and out of the lungs during a normal breath
hyperglycemia
An abnormally high blood glucose level
middle adult
An adult age 41 to 60 years.
When using the pulse oximeter as part of your assessment of a patient, it is important to remember that
Any situation that causes vasoconstriction or loss of red blood cells, such as anemia, or bleeding, may result in an inaccurate or misleading value
What should you do if you can't get a refusal signed by the patient
Ask a family member, law enforcement officer, or bystander to sign the form, verifying that the patient refused to sign.
Which of the following most accurately describes Septic shock
Bacterial damage to the vessel, wall, leaking blood vessels and vasodilation
Cerebellum
Balance and coordination
Metatarsals
Bones of the foot is situated between the tarsals and phalanges
Metacarpals
Bones of the hand situated between the carpals and phalanges
Histamines
Chemical substances released by the immune system in allergic reactions that are responsible for many of the symptoms of anaphylaxis, such as vasodilation.
Lekotrienes
Chemical substances that contribute to anaphylaxis; released by the immune system in an allergic reaction.
If an EMT candidate has been convicted of a felony or misdemeanor, he or she should:
Contact the state EMS office and provide its staff with the required documentation
Kussmaul respirations
Deep, rapid breathing; usually the result of an accumulation of certain acids when insulin is not available in the body.
Which of the following words would be the most appropriate to use when describing the patient?
Disabled
Common factors that influence, how a patient reacts to the stress of an illness or injury, include all the following, except:
Distrust of EMTs
Which of the following structures is contained within the mediastinum
Esophagus
indirect contact
Exposure or transmission of disease from one person to another by contact with a contaminated object.
Mental function often begins to decline with_______ years before death
Five
Together the right and left lungs contain_____ lobes?
Five
When performing a secondary assessment on a conscious, patient with nontraumatic, abdominal pain and stable, vital signs you should
Focus on his or her chief complaint
Because of the remote geographic location you're unable to contact medical control. What should you do?
Follow locally established protocols or standing orders
parietal lobe
Forms our perception of the world around us
endocrine glands
Glands that secrete or release chemicals that are used inside the body
The bony prominence on the lateral/ superior aspect of the thigh is called the?
Greater trochanter
A multiparous patient is on who?
Has given birth more than once
In late adults, the amount of air left in the lungs after expiration of the maximum amount of air:
Increases which hampers diffusion of gases, because of the stagnant air that remains in the alveoli.
Diverticulitis
Inflammation in small pockets at week areas in the muscle walls of the intestines
vasoocclusive crisis
Ischemia and pain caused by sickle-shaped red blood cells that obstruct blood flow to a portion of the body.
Which of the following statements regarding the power lift is correct?
It is the safest and most powerful method of lifting a patient
Cerebrum
Largest part of the brain; responsible for voluntary muscular activity, vision, speech, taste, hearing, thought, and memory.
Angioedema
Localized areas of swelling beneath the skin, often around the eyes and lips, but it can also involve other body areas as well.
Aerobic metabolism
Metabolism that can proceed only in the presence of oxygen.
neonate
Newborn to 1 month
temporal lobe
Our senses
informed consent
Permission for treatment given by a competent patient after the potential risks, benefits, and alternatives to treatment have been explained.
frontal lobe
Personality, judgment, planning, problem-solving, concentration, and self-awareness
Epinephrine
Produces an increase pulse rate and blood pressure
uremia
Severe kidney failure resulting in the buildup of waste products within the blood. Eventually brain functions will be impaired.
urticaria
Small area of generalized itching and/ or burning that appears as multiple raised areas on the skin; hives
Which of the following statements regarding standing orders is correct?
Standing orders should be followed when the physician contact is not possible
organic brain syndrome
Temporary or permanent dysfunction of the brain, caused by a disturbance in the physical or physiologic functioning of brain tissue.
trade name
The brand name that a manufacturer gives a medication And name is capitalized
When performing your general impression of a patient with a medical complaint, and it's important to remember that
The conditions of many medical patient may not appear serious at first
anaerobic metabolism
The metabolism that takes place in the absence of oxygen; the principle product is lactic acid.
hematology
The study and prevention of blood related disorders
Infants are often referred to as belly breathers, because?
Their rib cage is less rigid and the ribs sit horizontally
generic name
There original chemical name of the medication the name is not capitalized
Abnormalities in metabolism, or most likely to be caused by dysfunction of the?
Thyroid gland
Two facility a safe and coordinated move the team leader should
Use preparatory command to initiate any move
Which of the following statements regarding ventricular fibrillation, is correct
VF results in an absence of forward blood flow
Narcotic
a drug that produces sleeper altered mental consciousness
Hemophilia
a hereditary condition in which the patient lacks one or more of the bloods normal clotting factors
hypnotic
agent that induces sleep
A patient with hepatomegaly has?
an enlarged liver
Mediastinum
area between the lungs containing the heart, aorta, venae cavae, esophagus, and trachea
Melina
black, tarry stools; feces containing digested blood
sagittal plane
divides body into left and right
mid-sagittal plane
divides the body into equal left and right halves
polyphagia
excessive hunger
polydispa
excessive thirst
polyuria
excessive urination
direct contact
exposure or transmission of a communicable disease from one person to another by physical contact
coronal plane
front and back
Transverse plane
horizontal division of the body into upper and lower portions
cystitis
inflammation of the bladder
Cholecystitis
inflammation of the gallbladder
A patient is diagnosed with nephritis this means?
inflammation of the kidney
Peritoneum
membrane that lines the abdominal cavity
What three parts make up the brainstem?
midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata
reffered pain
pain that feels as if it is coming from some part of the body other than the part being stimulated
ileus
paralysis of the bowl, arising from anyone of several causes; stops contractions that move material through the intestines.
transcutaneous
through the skin
subcutaneous
under the skin
occipital lobe
vision
emesis
vomiting
Hematemesis
vomiting blood
hematemesis
vomiting blood
Intraosseous
within the bone
intramuscular
within the muscle