EMT chapter 1-23

infant

1 month to 1 year

toddler

1-3 years

adolescent

12-18 years

early adult

19-40 years

preschool

3-6 years

school age

6-12 years

older adults

61 years and older

What is the average life expectancy and the maximum life expectancy?

78 and 120

thrombosis

A blood clot, either in the arterial or venous system.

functional disorder

A disorder in which there is no known physiologic reason for the abnormal functioning of an organ or organ system.

A ventilation/perfusion mismatch occurs when

A disruption in blood flow inhibits, the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs, even though the alveoli are filled with fresh oxygen

sickle cell disease

A hereditary disease that causes normal come around red blood cells to become oblong, or sickle shaped.

Insulin

A hormone produced by the pancreas or taken as a medication by many diabetics. That enables glucose in the blood to enter the cells

psychosis

A mental disorder characterized by the loss of contact with reality.

A folding or portable structure is most beneficial when

A second patient must be transported on the squad bunch of the ambulance

cellular metabolism

A set of chemical reactions to supply cells with energy. Includes both in aerobic and anaerobic metabolism.

delirium tremens (DTs)

A severe withdrawal syndrome seen in alcoholics who are deprived of ethyl alcohol; characterized by restlessness, fever, sweating, disorientation, agitation, and seizures; can be fatal if untreated.

opiate

A substance of the opioid family, referring to natural, non-synthetic opioids

Opioid

A synthetically produced narcotic medication, drug, or agent similar to the opiate morphine, but not derived from opium; used to relieve pain.

Thrombophilia

A tendency toward the development of blood clots as a result of an abnormality of the system of coagulation.

tidal volume

Amount of air that moves in and out of the lungs during a normal breath

hyperglycemia

An abnormally high blood glucose level

middle adult

An adult age 41 to 60 years.

When using the pulse oximeter as part of your assessment of a patient, it is important to remember that

Any situation that causes vasoconstriction or loss of red blood cells, such as anemia, or bleeding, may result in an inaccurate or misleading value

What should you do if you can't get a refusal signed by the patient

Ask a family member, law enforcement officer, or bystander to sign the form, verifying that the patient refused to sign.

Which of the following most accurately describes Septic shock

Bacterial damage to the vessel, wall, leaking blood vessels and vasodilation

Cerebellum

Balance and coordination

Metatarsals

Bones of the foot is situated between the tarsals and phalanges

Metacarpals

Bones of the hand situated between the carpals and phalanges

Histamines

Chemical substances released by the immune system in allergic reactions that are responsible for many of the symptoms of anaphylaxis, such as vasodilation.

Lekotrienes

Chemical substances that contribute to anaphylaxis; released by the immune system in an allergic reaction.

If an EMT candidate has been convicted of a felony or misdemeanor, he or she should:

Contact the state EMS office and provide its staff with the required documentation

Kussmaul respirations

Deep, rapid breathing; usually the result of an accumulation of certain acids when insulin is not available in the body.

Which of the following words would be the most appropriate to use when describing the patient?

Disabled

Common factors that influence, how a patient reacts to the stress of an illness or injury, include all the following, except:

Distrust of EMTs

Which of the following structures is contained within the mediastinum

Esophagus

indirect contact

Exposure or transmission of disease from one person to another by contact with a contaminated object.

Mental function often begins to decline with_______ years before death

Five

Together the right and left lungs contain_____ lobes?

Five

When performing a secondary assessment on a conscious, patient with nontraumatic, abdominal pain and stable, vital signs you should

Focus on his or her chief complaint

Because of the remote geographic location you're unable to contact medical control. What should you do?

Follow locally established protocols or standing orders

parietal lobe

Forms our perception of the world around us

endocrine glands

Glands that secrete or release chemicals that are used inside the body

The bony prominence on the lateral/ superior aspect of the thigh is called the?

Greater trochanter

A multiparous patient is on who?

Has given birth more than once

In late adults, the amount of air left in the lungs after expiration of the maximum amount of air:

Increases which hampers diffusion of gases, because of the stagnant air that remains in the alveoli.

Diverticulitis

Inflammation in small pockets at week areas in the muscle walls of the intestines

vasoocclusive crisis

Ischemia and pain caused by sickle-shaped red blood cells that obstruct blood flow to a portion of the body.

Which of the following statements regarding the power lift is correct?

It is the safest and most powerful method of lifting a patient

Cerebrum

Largest part of the brain; responsible for voluntary muscular activity, vision, speech, taste, hearing, thought, and memory.

Angioedema

Localized areas of swelling beneath the skin, often around the eyes and lips, but it can also involve other body areas as well.

Aerobic metabolism

Metabolism that can proceed only in the presence of oxygen.

neonate

Newborn to 1 month

temporal lobe

Our senses

informed consent

Permission for treatment given by a competent patient after the potential risks, benefits, and alternatives to treatment have been explained.

frontal lobe

Personality, judgment, planning, problem-solving, concentration, and self-awareness

Epinephrine

Produces an increase pulse rate and blood pressure

uremia

Severe kidney failure resulting in the buildup of waste products within the blood. Eventually brain functions will be impaired.

urticaria

Small area of generalized itching and/ or burning that appears as multiple raised areas on the skin; hives

Which of the following statements regarding standing orders is correct?

Standing orders should be followed when the physician contact is not possible

organic brain syndrome

Temporary or permanent dysfunction of the brain, caused by a disturbance in the physical or physiologic functioning of brain tissue.

trade name

The brand name that a manufacturer gives a medication And name is capitalized

When performing your general impression of a patient with a medical complaint, and it's important to remember that

The conditions of many medical patient may not appear serious at first

anaerobic metabolism

The metabolism that takes place in the absence of oxygen; the principle product is lactic acid.

hematology

The study and prevention of blood related disorders

Infants are often referred to as belly breathers, because?

Their rib cage is less rigid and the ribs sit horizontally

generic name

There original chemical name of the medication the name is not capitalized

Abnormalities in metabolism, or most likely to be caused by dysfunction of the?

Thyroid gland

Two facility a safe and coordinated move the team leader should

Use preparatory command to initiate any move

Which of the following statements regarding ventricular fibrillation, is correct

VF results in an absence of forward blood flow

Narcotic

a drug that produces sleeper altered mental consciousness

Hemophilia

a hereditary condition in which the patient lacks one or more of the bloods normal clotting factors

hypnotic

agent that induces sleep

A patient with hepatomegaly has?

an enlarged liver

Mediastinum

area between the lungs containing the heart, aorta, venae cavae, esophagus, and trachea

Melina

black, tarry stools; feces containing digested blood

sagittal plane

divides body into left and right

mid-sagittal plane

divides the body into equal left and right halves

polyphagia

excessive hunger

polydispa

excessive thirst

polyuria

excessive urination

direct contact

exposure or transmission of a communicable disease from one person to another by physical contact

coronal plane

front and back

Transverse plane

horizontal division of the body into upper and lower portions

cystitis

inflammation of the bladder

Cholecystitis

inflammation of the gallbladder

A patient is diagnosed with nephritis this means?

inflammation of the kidney

Peritoneum

membrane that lines the abdominal cavity

What three parts make up the brainstem?

midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata

reffered pain

pain that feels as if it is coming from some part of the body other than the part being stimulated

ileus

paralysis of the bowl, arising from anyone of several causes; stops contractions that move material through the intestines.

transcutaneous

through the skin

subcutaneous

under the skin

occipital lobe

vision

emesis

vomiting

Hematemesis

vomiting blood

hematemesis

vomiting blood

Intraosseous

within the bone

intramuscular

within the muscle