EMT Chapter 30 Abdominal and Genitourinary Injuries

Compression injuries to the abdomen that occur during a motor vehicle crash are typically the result of:

A poorly placed lap belt

Bruising over the right upper quadrant could indicate injury to which of the following?

Appendix

An unresponsive trauma patient has a large abdominal wound with massive external bleeding. You should:

Apply direct pressure to the wound

A 20-year-old male was accidentally shot in the right upper abdominal quadrant with an arrow during an archery contest. Prior to your arrival, the patient removed the arrow. Your assessment reveals that he is conscious and alert with stable vital signs. Thee entrance wound is bleeding minimally and appears to be superficial. You should:

Assume that the arrow injured an internal organ

When documenting a call involving a female patient who was sexually assaulted, the EMT should:

Avoid speculation and document only factual data

A football player was struck by another player in the right flank area just below the posterior rib cage. He complains of severe pain and point tenderness to the area. Your assessment reveals that there is a small amount of blood in his underwear. You should be MOST suspicious for:

Blunt injury to the kidney

The temporary wound channel caused by high-velocity weapons is called _______.

Cavitation

A man has a large laceration across his lower abdominal wall and a loop of bowel is protruding from the wound. He is conscious and alert and there is minimal bleeding from the wound. You should:

Cover the exposed bowel with a moist sterile dressing and then secure it in place with a dry bandage

What is the most common mechanism of injury in geriatric patients?

Falls

A 40-year-old male presents with severe abdominal pain following blunt trauma. He is diaphoretic, intensely thirsty, and has a weak and rapid pulse. Appropriate treatment for this patient includes all of the following, EXCEPT: Covering him with a warm blanket Giving him small sips of water Promptly transporting to the hospital Administering supplemental oxygen

Giving him small sips of water

What would guarding tell you about a patient's potential injuries?

Guarding is contracting the abdominal wall muscles to minimize the movement of the contents within the peritoneum. Guarding is a sign of peritonitis. For this patient, guarding should raise suspicion that significant internal injuries have occurred. The signs of shock and the patient's symptoms reflect a life-threatening emergency.

A 66-year-old male presents with dark rectal bleeding and abdominal pain. He is conscious and alert; however, his skin is cool and clammy and his pulse is rapid. Further assessment reveals the his blood pressure is 112/60 mm Hg. Which of the following questions would be MOST pertinent to ask him?

Have you experienced recent abdominal trauma?

A sign of kidney damage following blunt trauma is: a) hemoptysis. b) hematemesis. c) hematochezia. d) hematuria.

Hematuria

Which of the following signs would indicate that an injury to the kidneys has occurred?

Hematuria

Damage to solid organs typically leads to _______. sepsis fever hypertension hemorrhage

Hemorrhage

Abdominal rigidity and periumbilical bruising are signs of _____.

Internal bleeding

Which of the following statements regarding rebound tenderness is correct?

It is often discovered when the patient is jarred or moved suddenly

Management of evisceration injuries includes _______. keeping the injury cool and dry applying firm, direct pressure closing the injury with duct tape keeping the injury moist and warm

Keeping the injury moist and warm

You are dispatched to a residence for a young female who was kicked in the abdomen. While en route to the scene, you should ask the dispatcher if:

Law enforcement is at the scene

While assessing a 21-year-old female who struck a tree head-on with her small passenger car, you note that her air bag deployed. You should:

Lift the air bag and look for deformity to the steering wheel

The patient's pain radiating to the right shoulder is most likely referred from the:

Liver

Bleeding from solid organs may be causing shock in your patient. Which of the following are considered solid organs?

Pancreas and spleen

What is the cause of peritonitis?

Peritonitis is caused by blood, stomach, or urinary bladder contents emptying into the peritoneal cavity

What potentially injured organs are found in the left upper quadrant?

Spleen and stomach

Most of the _____ system lies behind the digestive tract.

Urinary

Which of the following organs is at MOST risk for injury as the result of a pelvic fracture?

Urinary bladder

Which of the following statements regarding trauma during pregnancy is correct?

Uterine trauma is likely to cause shock in the pregnant patient