EMT FINAL 7 of 8

A 54-year-old male accidentally shot himself in the leg while cleaning his gun. Your assessment reveals a small entrance wound to the medial aspect of his right leg. The exit wound is on the opposite side of the leg and is actively bleeding. The patient complains of numbness and tingling in his right foot. You should

. control the bleeding and cover the wound with a sterile dressing.

When pulling a patient you should extend your arms no more than.

15'" to 20 " in front of your torso

With proper technique, you and your partner should be able to safely lift a patient who weighs up to ______ lb.

220

Which of the following statements regarding the scoop stretcher is NOT correct?

A scoop stretcher will provide adequate immobilization of a patient's spinal column

During your assessment of a 29-year-old female with significant deformity to her left elbow, you are unable to palpate a radial pulse. Your transport time to the hospital is approximately 40 minutes. You should:

A. apply gentle manual traction in line with the limb and reassess for a pulse.

Crepitus and false motion are:

A. positive indicators of a fracture.

Skeletal muscle is attached to the bone by tough, ropelike, fibrous structures called:

A. tendons.

Which of the following statements regarding an emergency patient move is correct?

An emergency move is performed before the primary assessment and treatment.

Which of the following musculoskeletal injuries would MOST likely result in deformity?

B. Displaced fracture

In which of the following situations should the EMT splint an injured limb in the position of deformity?

B. If resistance is encountered or the patient experiences severe pain

The musculoskeletal system refers to the:

B. bones and voluntary muscles of the body.

Which of the following statements regarding compartment syndrome is correct?

C. Compartment syndrome typically develops within 6 to 12 hours after an injury.

In general, musculoskeletal injuries should be splinted before moving the patient unless:

C. the patient is clinically unstable.

Which of the following musculoskeletal injuries would pose the greatest threat to a patient's life?

D. Pelvic fracture with hypotension

The MOST significant hazard associated with splinting is:

D. delaying transport of a critically injured patient.

A supracondylar or intercondylar fracture is also known as a fracture of the:

D. distal humerus.

A 22-year-old female was ejected from her car after striking a tree head-on. As you approach her, you note obvious closed deformities to both of her femurs. She is not moving and does not appear to be conscious. You should:

D. stabilize her head and perform a primary assessment.

During your secondary assessment of a 30-year-old male who fell 25 feet, you note crepitus when palpating his pelvis. Your partner advises you that the patient's blood pressure is 80/50 mm Hg and his heart rate is 120 beats/min and weak. After completing your assessment, you should:

D. stabilize the pelvis with a pelvic binder and protect the spine.

In contrast to typical wheeled ambulance stretchers, features of a bariatric stretcher include?

Increased stability due to a wider wheelbase

Which of the following statements regarding the power lift is correct?

It is the safest and most powerful method of lifting a patient.

An 81-year-old female fell and struck her head. You find the patient lying on her left side. She is conscious and complains of neck and upper back pain. As you are assessing her, you note that she has a severely kyphotic spine. What is the MOST appropriate method of immobilizing this patient?

Leave her on her side and use blanket rolls to immobilize her to the long backboard.

You and your partner enter the residence of an elderly couple, both of whom are found unconscious in their bed. There is no evidence of trauma. As you begin your assessment, you and your partner notice the smell of natural gas in the residence. Which of the following should be your MOST appropriate action?

Rapidly remove the patients from their residence using a blanket or clothes drag

In which of the following situations is an emergency patient move indicated?

The EMT is unable to protect the patient from scene hazards.

Which of the following statements regarding the neonatal isolette is correct?

The isolette serves to keep the neonate warm and protects from excess handling

Which of the following statements regarding patient weight distribution is correct?

The majority of a horizontal patient's weight is in the torso

Because of the weight distribution on backboards and stretchers, the stronger the EMTs should be at the: a. head b. foot c. side d. front corner

a

Before any lifting is initiated, the team leader should do all of the following except: a. give a command of execution b. indicate where each team member is to be located c. rapidly describe the sequence of steps that will be performed d. give a brief overview of the stages

a

If you are alone and must remove an unconscious patient from a car, you should first move the patient's: a. legs b. head c. torso d. pelvis

a

In lifting with the palm down, the weight is supported by the _________ rather than the palm. a. fingers b. forearm c. lower back d. wrist

a

When you use a body drag to move a patient: a. your back should always be locked and straight b. you should encourage twisting so that the vertebrae can flex during the move c. consider hyperextending to gain more leverage d. drag the patient by the ankles

a

Which of the following conditions or situations presents the MOST unique challenge to the EMT when immobilizing an elderly patient on a long backboard?

abnormal spinal curvature

To avoid injury when pushing a patient or other object, you should

avoid pushing the patient with your elbows fully extended.

Bariatrics is: a. the branch of medicine concerned with the elderly b. the branch of medicine concerned with the obese c. the branch of medicine concerned with infants d. the method used to access blood pressure

b

If the weight you are pushing is lower than your waist, you should push from: a. the waist b. a kneeling position c. the shoulder d. a squatting position

b

Situations in which you should use an emergency move include all of the following except: a. when fire, explosives, or hazardous materials are present b. when the patient feels like he or she might pass out c. when you are unable to gain access to others in a vehicle who need lifesaving care d. when you are unable to protect the patient from other hazards

b

To avoid the strain of unnecessary lifting and carrying, you should use _________ or assist an able patient to the stretcher whenever possible. a. the direct ground lift b. the extremity lift c. the draw sheet method d. a scoop stretcher

b

You have been called to the scene of a high-speed motor vehicle collision involving two compact cars. The first vehicle was a roll-over, ejecting the driver. The second vehicle contained both a driver and a front-seat passenger who cannot be reached because the door is up against a building. For the passenger in the second vehicle, you may need to perform a(n) __________ on the driver in order to reach the patient. a. extremity lift b. emergency move c. short backboard d. you should do nothing different; treat each patient the same

b

You should perform an urgent move in all of the following situations except: a. if a patient has an altered level of consciousness b. if the patient is complaining of neck pain c. in extreme weather conditions d. if a patient has inadequate ventilation or shock

b

A backboard is a device that provides support to patients who you suspect have: a. hip injuries b. pelvic injuries c. spinal injuries d. all of the above

d

What is the MOST appropriate method to use when moving a patient from his or her bed to the wheeled stretcher?

draw sheet method

Prior to applying medical restraints to a combative patient, you should:

evaluate the patient for potentially correctible cause of combativeness, such as head injury, hypoxia, or hypoglycemia

You should not attempt to lift a patient who weighs more than 250 lb with fewer than _______ rescuers, regardless of individual strength

four

The direct carry is used to transfer a patient:

from a bed to the ambulance stretcher

The MOST serious consequence of a poorly planned or rushed patient move is:

injury to you or your patient.

Which of the following is the MOST appropriate device to use when immobilizing a patient with a suspected spinal injury?

long backboard

A critical aspect of the rapid extrication technique is to

maintain stabilization of the spine at all times

When moving a conscious, weak patient down a flight of stairs, you should:

place the wheeled stretcher at the bottom of the stairs and carry the patient down the stairs with a stair chair.

In most instances, you should move a patient on a wheeled ambulance stretcher by:

pushing the head of the stretcher while your partner guides the foot

you and your partner respond to the scene of a 49 yr old male with acute abdominal pain. as you enter his residence, you find him lying on the floor in severe pain. he is conscious and alert. the patient appears to weigh in excess of 350 pounds your first action should be to?

request additional personnel before making any attempt to lift him

The _________ is both the mechanical weight-bearing base of the spinal column and the fused central posterior section of the pelvic girdle.

sacrum

Which of the following situations would require an urgent patient move?

semiconscious patient with shallow respirations and signs of shock

A "hip" fracture is actually a fracture of the:

A. proximal femur.

An open fracture is MOST accurately defined as a fracture in which:

A. the overlying skin is no longer intact.

A fracture is MOST accurately defined as a(n):

B. break in the continuity of the bone

When caring for a patient with a possible fracture of the scapula, the EMT should:

B. carefully assess the patient for breathing problems

With regard to musculoskeletal injuries, the zone of injury is defined as the:

D. area of soft-tissue damage surrounding the injury.

A 17-year-old female dislocated her patella while playing soccer. Her knee is flexed and she complains of severe pain. You should

D. keep her knee flexed and secure it with padded board splints.

You have two patients who were involved in a motor vehicle crash when their SUV struck a tree—one with neck and back pain, and the other with a deformed left femur. The patient with the deformed femur states that he does not want to be placed on a hard board, nor does he want a collar around his neck. What is the MOST appropriate and practical method of securing these patients and placing them into the ambulance?

Immobilize the patient with neck and back pain on a long backboard and place him on the wheeled stretcher; place the patient with the deformed femur on a folding stretcher secured to the squad bench

Which of the following is not an indication for use of the rapid extrication technique? a. the patient is in severe pain b. the patient's condition cannot be properly assessed before being removed from the car c. the patient blocks access to another seriously injured patient d. the vehicle or the scene is unsafe

a

You have been called to the scene of a high-speed motor vehicle collision involving two compact cars. The first vehicle was a roll-over, ejecting the driver. The second vehicle contained both a driver and a front-seat passenger who cannot be reached because the door is up against a building. Which of the following is an advantage of the diamond carry? a. it uses an even number of people (less likely to drop) b. it can be done with one person, freeing up others for patient care c. the patient can be slid along the ground d. it provides the best means of spinal immobilization

a

You should use a rigid _______, often called a Stokes litter, to carry a patient across uneven terrain from a remote location that is inaccessible by ambulance or other vehicle. a. basket stretcher b. scoop stretcher c. molded backboard d. flotation device

a

In which of the following situations would a direct ground lift be the MOST appropriate method of moving a patient?

a conscious patient complaining of abdominal pain

Situations in which you should use the rapid extrication technique include all of the following, EXCEPT:

a patient who can be properly assessed while still in the vehicle

These situations you should use the rapid extrication technique

a patient whose condition requires immediate transport a patient who needs immediate care that requires a supine position a patient who blocks access to another seriously injured patient

A folding or portable stretcher is MOST beneficial when:

a second patient must be transported on the squad bench of the ambulance

An unrestrained patient is sitting in his car after an automobile crash. He is conscious and alert, has no visible trauma, and is complaining of neck and back pain. Before removing him from his car, you should:

apply a cervical collar and immobilize him with a vest-style device

When performing the rapid extrication technique to remove a patient from their vehicle, you should..

apply a cervical collar and remove the patient on a long backboard

When you must carry a patient up or down a flight of stairs or other significant incline, use a ___________ if possible. a. backboard b. stair chair c. stretcher d. short spine board

b

Which of the follow statements is false regarding proper lifting? a. avoid twisting b. bend at the waist c. keep the weight close to your body d. bend at the knees

b

Which of the follow statements is false regarding the use of a stair chair? a. keep your back in a locked-in position b. lean back to help distribute the weight c. keep the patient's weight and you arms as close to your body as possible d. flex at the hips, not at the waist

b

Which of the following is false regarding the lifting and moving of geriatric patients? a. many geriatric patients have great fear when being transported b. most patients will be able to lie supine on a backboard without problems c. geriatric patients tend to have brittle bones d. some patients may require you to use towels and blankets to assist with immobilization

b

an emt may injure his or her back even if it is straight, if the?

back is bent forward at the hips

An EMT may injure his or her back, even if it is straight, if the

back is bent forward at the hips.

The MOST appropriate carrying device to use when moving a patient across rough or uneven terrain is the:

basket strecher

The _________ is both the mechanical weight-bearing base of the spinal column and the fused central posterior section of the pelvic girdle. a. lumbar spine b. sacrum c. coccyx d. ileum

c

When lifting, you should: a. spread your legs past shoulder width b. lift a patient while reaching far in front of your torso c. keep the weight that you are lifting as close to your body as possible d. use your back muscles by bending at the waist

c

When log rolling a patient, you should do all of the following except: a. kneel as close to the patient's side as possible b. lean solely from the hips c. reach as far as possible to maintain stability d. use your shoulder muscles to help with the roll

c

When pulling a patient, you should do all of the following except: a. extend your arms no more than about 15"-20" b. reposition your feet so that the force of pull will be balanced equally c. when you can pull no farther, lean forward another 15"-20" d. pull the patient by slowly flexing your arms

c

You can move a patient on his or her back along the floor or ground by using all of the following methods except: a. pulling on the patient's clothing in the neck and shoulder area b. placing the patient on a blanket, coat, or other item that can be pulled c. pulling the patient by the legs if they are the most accessible part d.placing your arms under the patient's shoulders and through the armpits, and while grasping the patient's arms, dragging the patient backward

c

General guidelines for carrying a patient on a stretcher include:

constant communication with your partners

Special _________ are usually required to move any patient who weighs more than 350 pounds to an ambulance. a. techniques b. equipment c. resources d. all of the above

d

You have been called to the scene of a high-speed motor vehicle collision involving two compact cars. The first vehicle was a roll-over, ejecting the driver. The second vehicle contained both a driver and a front-seat passenger who cannot be reached because the door is up against a building. What device will you use to put the roll-over victim onto the wheeled ambulance stretcher? a. extremity lift b. scoop stretcher c. short backboard d. backboard

d

You have been called to the scene of a high-speed motor vehicle collision involving two compact cars. The first vehicle was a roll-over, ejecting the driver. The second vehicle contained both a driver and a front-seat passenger who cannot be reached because the door is up against a building. You'll likely use the ________ to transfer the patient from your stretcher to the hospital bed. a. diamond carry b. scoop stretcher c. portable stretcher d. draw sheet method

d

You may injure your back if you lift: a. with your back curved b. with your back straight, but bent significantly forward at the hips c. with the shoulder girdle anterior to the pelvis d. all of the above

d

You should not attempt to lift a patient who weighs more than ______ without a least four rescuers. a. 220lbs b. 230lbs c. 240lbs d. 250lbs

d

________ safety depends on the use of proper lifting techniques and maintaining a proper hold when lifting or carrying a patient. a. your b. your team's c. the patient's d. all of the above

d

It is essential that you ____________ your equipment to prevent the spread of disease.

decontaminate

Upon arriving at the scene of a motor vehicle crash, you find a single patient still seated in his car. There are no scene hazards. As you approach the vehicle, you note that the patient is semiconscious and has a large laceration to his forehead. You should:

direct your partner to apply manual in-line support of the patient's head

A 56-year-old female is found supine in a narrow hallway of her mobile home. She complains of severe weakness and dizziness, and states that she is unable to walk. There is no evidence of trauma and the patient states that she did not fall. How should you and your partner move this patient to a more spacious area?

extremity lift

When carrying a patient on a backboard up or down stairs

keep the head end elevated

To minimize the risk of injuring yourself when lifting or moving a patient, you should:

keep the weight as close to your body as possible.

The FIRST rule of safe lifting is to:

keep your back in a straight, vertical position.

When using a body drag to pull a patient who is on the ground, you should

kneel to minimize the distance that you will have to lean over

The proper technique for using the power grip is to

lift with your palms up

Which of the following steps is NOT proper procedure when performing an emergency move?

lifting the patient by the belt to move him or her

Which of the following MOST accurately describes the correct position of the EMTs who are executing the diamond carry technique?

one at the head, one at the feet, and one on each side of the patient's torso

When a person is standing upright, the weight of anything being lifted and carried in the hands is FIRST reflected onto the:

shoulder girdle

In order to facilitate a safe and coordinated move, the team leader should:

use preparatory commands to initiate any moves.

When carrying a patient up or down stairs, you should avoid:

using a wheeled stretcher whenever possible

The extremity lift would NOT be appropriate to use on a patient:

with a deformed humerus