EMT Module 1
A 20-year-old male has been stabbed in the abdomen. Assessment reveals him to be unresponsive with shallow breathing and a low blood pressure. Which instructions will you provide to your new EMT partner given that the patient has been involved in a crime? a. "When cutting his shirt off, make sure not to cut through the area where the knife penetrated." b. "Do not worry about documenting the crime scene in your report. The police report will reflect that information." c. "We are not to move the patient to the stretcher until the police are done photographing the scene." d. "I am not worried about potential evidence. I am just worried about the patient."
a.
A local politician has been involved in a motor vehicle collision. Witnesses state that they saw this man leave a bar, and repeatedly stumbled until he got to his vehicle. Then, just two miles down the road, he struck a utility pole head on. On scene and throughout transport, the patient is confused and combative. When you are leaving the hospital, a reporter asks you what happened. You state that it looks as though the politician may be drunk, but you are not sure. Your statement is printed in the newspaper. Later, it is determined that the man was not drunk, but rather has diabetes and had low blood sugar at the time of the accident. Which charge could the politician levy against you? a. slander b. litigation c. battery d. assault
a.
A patient does not speak English and no family members are available to translate. Which other options are available to you to facilitate communication with the patient? a. Check with dispatch or use a toll-free interpreter line b. Treat the patient as if he is unconscious c. Proceed with your primary exam d. Write questions on a pad
a.
A patient has fallen in his upstairs bathroom and is lying on the floor. Assessment indicates no life threats to the airway, breathing, or circulation; however, the patient does have pain, deformity, and bruising to his right hip. In this situation, the EMT should recognize the need for which type of move? a. Non-urgent b. Passive c. Emergency d. Urgent
a.
A young girl with end-stage cancer is unresponsive, not breathing, and pulseless. Her mother and father are by her side, both crying as you start resuscitation. Which statement indicates the most appropriate thing you could say to the parents as you begin? a. "If you feel comfortable, it's okay to stay and watch how we care for your daughter." b. "I can show you how to do chest compressions so that you can take part in caring for your daughter." c. "It is important not to cry since she may still be able to hear you and needs you to be strong for her." d. "I think that it would be best for you both to leave the room so we can care for your daughter."
a.
A young man wishes to become an EMT and asks you what he will need to do to become certified. You would reply that he must first: a. complete a course that meets the requirements of the U.S. Department of Transportation b. Attend classes at a local community college c. Demonstrate that he has prior medical experience d. Volunteer with an ambulance service to gain experience
a.
Aa reference tool that should be placed in every emergency vehicle for use when responding to a possible "hazmat" incident is: a. The Emergency Response Guidebook b. The Physician's Desk Reference c. A list of chemicals processed by local industries d. The Merck Manual
a.
An intoxicated patient will not leave the oxygen mask on. What would be the most appropriate way to document this behavior on the prehospital care report? a. The patient continually removes the oxygen mask despite continued reapplication b. The patient appears to be in a drunk-like state and will not cooperate with care provided by EMS c. The patient will not cooperate with care provided by EMS d. The patient is intoxicated and will not cooperate with oxygen therapy
a.
An obese patient cannot ambulate and must be carried down several flights of stairs. Carrying the patient alone exceeds your physical capabilities; however, your partner is very strong and physically fit. Which statement, made by you, indicates the best means to safely lift and move the patient as well as minimize the likelihood of either of you suffering an injury? a. "We must call for assistance to get the patient from this location." b. "When we move him, let's go slowly down the stairs." c. "When we go down the steps, you take the 'head' end and I'll carry the legs and go down the steps first." d. "As long as I lean backward when moving him, we will be okay."
a.
In which situation would the Good Samaritan law protects the EMT? a. An off-duty EMT stops at the scene of an auto collision and provides proper care, but the patient dies anyway b. The EMT forgets to provide oxygen to a patient with chest pain and the patient suffers a heart attack as a result c. A paramedic orders an EMT to administer a medication that the EMT legally may not give, and the patient dies as a result d. A patient is paralyzed from the waist down because an off-duty EMT did not take the appropriate measures in caring for him
a.
Kyphosis is best described as: a. An exaggerated forward curvature of the thoracic spine b. A pronounced lateral curvature of the thoracic spine c. A distinct lateral curvature of the cervical spine d. The exaggerated curvature of the lumbar spine
a.
Over the radio, medical direction has given the following order for an unstable patient you suspect is having a heart attack: "Have the patient chew four baby aspirin, each one at 81 mg, and transport as soon as possible." You would show reception of this order by stating: a. "Copy. We will have the patient chew four baby aspirin, each one at 81 mg, and transport ASAP." b. "Copy. We will administer the aspirin as ordered and begin immediate transport." c. "Copy. We will start transport and administer 324 mg of aspirin en route." d. "Copy, Dr. Nash. We will follow the orders as received and transport to your facility."
a.
What action best indicates that informed consent has been obtained? a. The patient agrees to oxygen therapy after being told it may help decrease his chest pain, but may dry his nose, causing discomfort. b. The EMT tells the patient that he will need oxygen because he is having chest pain, which could be a sign of a heart attack. c. The EMT administers oxygen because the patient is having chest pain and appears short of breath d. The patient is given oxygen because he is having chest pain and was the one who placed the 911 call for help
a.
What is a primary purpose of the modern-day EMS system? a. decrease the incidence of death and disability related to injury and illness b. provide a means of transport to and from the hospital c. provide emergency health care services to medically underserved areas d. ensure that all member of society have equal access to hospitals
a.
What is the primary difference between ethics and morals? a. Ethics is a branch of philosophy that studies morality, whereas morals are concepts of "right and wrong" b. Morals are what the EMT should do, whereas ethics are what the EMT will do c. Morals define the expectations for professional occupations, whereas ethics are regulations written into state law defining what those expectations are d. Ethics are what the EMT should do, whereas morals are what the EMT will do
a.
What is the primary difference between the EMT's scope of practice and the EMT's standard of care? a. The scope includes which actions the EMT can legally take, while the standard of care is what a EMT should do in an EMS system with similar training and protocols b. There is no clinically relevant difference between the scope of practice and the standard of care, as both define what the EMT should do in the exact same situation c. The scope is what the EMT should do; the standard is what the EMT is legally bound to do d. The scope of practice is decided by the medical director, while the standard of care is defined by state regulations
a.
What would be considered an objective patient assessment finding? a. Blood pressure 114/68 mmHg b. complaint of nausea c. complaint of headache for past 12 hours d. patient rates pain as 10 out of 10
a.
When using your portable radio, you must push the "press to talk" button and wait one second before speaking. This is essential to effective communication because your EMS system uses: a. Repeaters b. Portable transmitter/receiver c. Digital equipment d. Cellular telephone links
a.
Which action best illustrates an EMT upholding a high ethical standard? a. Treating alcoholics and drug addicts with respect b. providing care that goes beyond the scope of practice c. Informing other health care providers of patients in the community with AIDS d. administering oxygen to patients who are short of breath
a.
Which of following is a disadvantage in using a cell (or mobile) phones as an emergency backup communication system? a. Cell (mobile) phones may not be effective in disaster situations b. Cell (mobile) phone use is not monitored by the FCC c. Cell (mobile) phones do not offer high-quality sound d. There is less privacy when using cell phones, as compared to radios
a.
Which statement shows an accurate understanding of the legal aspects of the prehospital care report (PCR)? a. "The PCR may be subpoenaed even if the lawsuit centers on alleged negligence that occurred in the emergency department." b. "The PCR is considered a legal document only when it describes a crime or act of violence." c. "A copy of the PCR should be forwarded to the police anytime law enforcement is involved in the call." d. "A PCR can be used in a lawsuit only if that lawsuit is filed within six months."
a.
You are accidentally stuck with a needle used to administer a medication to a patient with a known history of hepatitis B. You have already completed your hepatitis B vaccine series. In this case, which statement tis true? a. You need to report the needle stick to your supervisor as soon as possible b. You will have to get another series of three vaccines to give you protection in the future c. You have two weeks from the time of exposure to start medical care for a potential infection d. You have complete protection from hepatitis B and no further action is needed
a.
You have been dispatched for a 61-year-old female in cardiac arrest. EMRs are on scene. In your community, all EMS practitioners are trained according to the National EMS Scope of Practice Model. Given this, which type of care do you expect the EMRs to be providing? a. Automated external defibrillation b. Reading an electrocardiogram c. Intravenous therapy d. Emergency medical administration
a.
Your best protection when an alert and oriented patient with the capacity to make rational decisions refuses EMS care or transport is to: a. completely and thoroughly document the incident b. have your partner sign the refusal form as a witness c. inform the patient's family of what happened d. contact the patient as a later time to see how she is doing
a.
Your partner states that he is the "world's worst speller" and has great difficulty using medical terms. How would you respond to this statement? a. "Use everyday language if you are unsure of how to apply or spell a medical term." b. "Ask the emergency physician or nurse how to spell the words of which you are unsure." c. "Consider abbreviating medical terms that you are unsure how to spell." d. "Do not document information that requires medical terms you are unsure of."
a.
A 14-year-old boy has fallen through a plate glass window and is bleeding heavily from a laceration to his arm. His panicked mother has called 911 for help. Since the 911 operators are also emergency medical dispatchers, what sort of assistance will be able to provide? a. simultaneous notification of the hospital b. instructions soon how to control bleeding c. whether the EMS response is covered by medical insurance d. the names of the EMTs who are responding
b.
A patient states that he has had a headache located in his forehead for three days. The EMT should recognize and document this piece of information as a(n): a. Provoking factor b. Subjective finding c. Pertinent negative d. Objective symptom
b.
A patient with a terminal disease is unresponsive, not breathing, and without a pulse. The family states that the patient has a "Do Not Resuscitate" (DNR) order signed by her medical doctor, but they cannot find the current one. All they can find is a previous DNR that expired 8 months ago. The EMT should: a. have the family sign a refusal of care form b. Start cardiopulmonary resuscitation c. wait for family to locate the DNR d. pronounce the patient deceased
b.
After a particularly disturbing call the previous day, your partner is unusually angry and having a difficult time concentrating on his work. Which type of stress reaction would you suspect? a. Posttraumatic stress reaction b. Acute stress reaction c. Cumulative stress reaction d. Physical stress reaction
b.
After a patient, who is short of breath, signs a refusal of service form, which statement would be appropriate prior to leaving the residence? a. "Try taking an aspirin and get a good night's rest; you will probably feel better." b. "If you change your mind at any time and want to be transported to the hospital, call 911 again." c. "We will leave this oxygen for you; call us when you feel better." d. "Call our dispatch in the morning to let us know how you made out."
b.
An ambulance with two EMTs arrives in front of a house for an unknown medical emergency. On scene, bystanders report that a female patient was beaten by her husband in the driveway and then dragged back into the house. They state that the patient appeared unconscious and was bleeding from the head. Which action would the EMTs perform next? a. remove the husband from the house, then provide emergency care to the wife b. do not enter the scene until it has been controlled by law enforcement c. quietly enter the home and quickly move the patient to the ambulance d. enter the home to protect the patient while waiting for the police to arrive
b.
Despite a patient's protest that he does not want his blood pressure taken, the EMT places a BP cuff on his arm and takes his blood pressure. The EMT states: "See? It is just as I suspected-your blood pressure is sky high. You really need to be seen in the emergency department." The patient states he did not realize that his blood pressure was that high. In terms of battery, which statement is true? a. Since the BP was elevated and treatment must be provided, battery cannot be charged b. The patient could charge the EMT with battery, regardless of his blood pressure reading. c. because the patient knows the result of the BP, the EMT is safe from battery d. The patient could charge the EMT with assault, not battery
b.
In the field setting, the best way to avoid becoming infected with HIV is: a. Always wear gloves, goggles, and a gown for all patient contacts b. Use the appropriate protective personal equipment c. Avoid unnecessarily touching patients with confirmed HIV infection d. Always ask patients if they have HIV infections or AIDS
b.
Organisms that cause diseases are called: a. antibodies b. pathogens c. antigens d. toxins
b.
Preincident stress education, one-on-one support, and disaster support services are all part of: a. stress reduction techniques b. a comprehensive CISM program c. a balanced work environment d. burnout prevention programs
b.
The EMT practice of protecting oneself from disease transmission through exposure to blood and other body fluids is referred to as: a. Exposure control b. Standard Precautions c. Personal protective equipment d. Body Fluid Precautions
b.
To be a medical director of an ambulance service, which requirement must the interested individual satisfy? a. physician with a college degree in EMS b. licensed physician c. physician who was a paramedic d. emergency physician with surgical experience
b.
Two days after a call, you realize that you forgot to document that you checked a patient's blood glucose prior to him refusing transport and signing the refusal form. At that time, you did contact medical direction and provide this information to the doctor, prior to him authorizing the patient to refuse. What is now your best course of action? a. Report the error to the State Department of Emergency Medical Services b. Add an addendum to the report with the correct information, the current date, and the EMT's initials c. Disregard the mistake since the patient was not transported to the hospital and medical direction was aware of the blood glucose reading d. Complete a new refusal form and return to the patient's residence to have him sign this form
b.
What action taken by an EMT illustrates an effort toward maintaining well-being in the field of EMS? a. taking a body-building class b. creating a healthy balance between work and family life c. establishing a relationship with a mental health professional d. avoiding all alcohol and fatty foods
b.
What is the primary reason why emergency services communications (phone or radio) are recorded? a. The state EMS agency will use the recording to determine if care was appropriate b. Communications can become part of a legal record if need be c. The Federal Communications Commission reviews all recordings for communication appropriateness d. The federal government requires that all communications be recorded
b.
What is the single best technique that the EMT can use to prevent the spread of infection? a. Getting immunizations b. Washing hands c. Disinfecting equipment d. Wearing gloves
b.
When interviewing a patient with a medical emergency, the EMT is using the technique of summary when she says: a. "With one finger, can you point to where it hurts?" b. "So the nausea and vomiting started two days ago, correct?" c. "Did you also have diarrhea with the nausea and vomiting?" d. "I know how you feel. I had the same thing last week."
b.
When lifting the stretcher with a patient secured to it, the EMT must avoid which action? a. Contracting the abdominal muscles b. Bending over at the waist c. Maintaining a straight back d. Lifting with the thigh muscles
b.
Which item of protective gear is appropriate to wear at an automobile collision? a. SCBA gear b. Reflective clothing c. Gown d. A HEPA mask
b.
Which of these tasks has not been identified as one that could be provided by a mobile integrated health care system? a. Assist in the ongoing home management of chronic conditions b. conduct health screening and provide minor outpatient surgical services c. provide preventative services and check up on patients after discharge d. Manage patients who are at a high risk for hospital readmission
b.
Which statement best summarizes the underlying benefit of using evidence-based medicine? a. Formulates emergency care guidelines that have been reviewed by the legal community b. Allows the use of research and evidence in determining which care is effective c. Improves patient care while simultaneously reducing the costs associated with EMS d. Provides for legal representation in the quality improvement process
b.
You and two other EMTs are preparing to move a patient down several flights of stairs using a stair chair. After assigning one rescuer to hold the chair at the head and another to hold the chair at the foot facing the patient, you should: a. Direct movement from behind the EMT at the head b. "Spot" by standing behind the EMT at the feet c. Assist the EMT at the patient's feet d. Assist the EMT at the patient's head
b.
You are by the side of a patient whom you suspect has severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). What is an effective way to prevent transmission of the disease from the patient to you? a. Use eye protection or a face shield b. Place a surgical mask on the patient c. Use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer frequently during transport d. Sterilize all equipment used in the care of the patient
b.
You are treating an 82-year-old female who is having trouble hearing some of your questions. Which technique would be most helpful in obtaining her medical history? a. Speak with a loud and higher-pitched voice b. Speak clearly and slowly c. Defer further questions until en route to the hospital d. Enlist the help of a neighbor
b.
You have been called to a home for an alert and oriented female with terminal lung cancer. At the home, the daughter, who has her mother's durable power of attorney, states that she wants her mother transported to the hospital. The patient, who is alert and oriented, does not want to go. Which statement indicates that the EMT is acting both appropriately and legally in this conflict? a. "Since it appears there is a conflict of opinion here, I will need to call the police so that they can determine what to do." b. "I know that you have the durable power of attorney, but your mother is alert and oriented so we cannot legally take her against her will." c. "As the person with your durable power of attorney, your daughter has the legally vested right to make your decisions; however, let us ask your husband what he thinks." d. "Since your daughter has the durable power of attorney, she has the legal right to make all decisions; therefore, we have to take you to the hospital."
b.
A 40-year-old man has been seriously injured in a car crash. He is unresponsive and has what you believe to be a collapsed lung. Additionally, his left leg is severely deformed with heavy bleeding and his vital signs are unstable. A passenger in the car informs you that the patient has diabetes and significant heart problems. Given this information, what is the best destination for this patient, assuming all oof the facilities are the same distance away? a. stroke center b. cardiac center c. trauma center d. spine injury center
c.
A nauseated patient with fever and abdominal pain states that he has not vomited. Which description best represents how that fact should be documented? a. As a subjective finding b. As a treatment finding c. As a pertinent negative d. This fact would not be documented.
c.
A patient states that he has suffered from chronic neck pain ever since an accident. Further, he states that he is filing a lawsuit against the EMTs since they failed to put a cervical collar on him at the time; in his eyes, this is the reason he has daily neck and back pain. The EMT can remember the incident well and remembers putting a collar on the patient. As such, his best defense would be: a. Presentation of the standard of care showing that a cervical collar is indicated b. Presentation of the emergency department chart in court c. Written documentation of collar placement on the PCR d. Testimony from the supervisor stating that the EMTs always place a cervical collar
c.
A reaction to death or dying where the patients assert "Not me!" is recognized as which stage of grieving? a. bargaining b. anger c. denial d. depression
c.
A small car and a tanker truck loaded with gasoline have collided. The car is lodged under the tanker, the car engine is smoking, and the threat of fire is significant. After being waved in by the fire department, assessment reveals the patient to be unresponsive with a patent airway, but breathing with difficulty at 8 times per minute. In caring for this patient, your immediate action should be to: a. Promptly open the airway and suction prior to moving the patient b. Immediately start positive pressure ventilation and place a vest immobilization device for extrication c. Rapidly extricate the patient and provide care away from the wreckage d. Quickly obtain vital signs and then extricate the patient from the car
c.
As EMTs leave a house where the patient refused care, a panicked boy approaches them and states that some men just shot his friend in a house two doors up the street. The EMTs' immediate action should be to: a. gather basic equipment and go to the home to care for the patient b. notify dispatch and proceed to the home to care for the patient c. contact the police and move the ambulance from the immediate area d. instruct the boy to carry the patient from the house to the yard
c.
Before the EMT contacts medical direction for authorization to assist a patient with shortness of breath in using her metered-dose inhaler, protocols state that the EMT must first attempt to provide relief by administering oxygen if the pulse oximeter reading is less than 94%. You recognize that the administration of oxygen is best described as a(n): a. direct permission b. quality improvement c. standing order d. on-line medical direction
c.
The EMT recognizes that the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) limits the EMT's ability to: a. Obtain refusals of care from patients who do not have medical insurance b. transport patients to the hospitals of their choice c. share patient-specific medical information with others d. bill for services provided by the EMS system
c.
To ensure your own safety and the safety of your crew, you should: a. search each and every patient for weapons b. ensure the availability of a paramedic for most medical calls c. evaluate every scene for danger before entering d. request police assistance on all calls
c.
When an EMT places his palm and all fingers in contact with the object being lifted, he is using the: a. Lock grip b. Squat grip c. Power grip d. Power lift
c.
When lifting or moving any patient, the EMT must remember to primarily use the muscles of his or her: a. Arms b. Back c. Legs d. Abdomen
c.
Which observation demonstrates that the EMTs and EMRs are correctly using the stair chair? a. The stair chair slides down the stairs while tilted forward b. The wheels of the stair chair touch each and every step c. The patient is carried down the stairs feet first d. The stair chair is carried down the stairs with the chair tilted forward
c.
Which of these is an open-ended question? a. "Who is your primary care physician?" b. "What time did the pain begin?" c. "Can you describe the pain to me?" d. "Did you get sweaty when the pain started?"
c.
Which organism is classified as multi-drug resistant? a. Hepatitis B virus b. Zika virus c. Methicillin/oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus d. Human immunodeficiency virus
c.
Which patient is appropriately positioned for transport? a. A 23-year-old pregnant woman in a supine position b. A hypotensive 48-year-old man in Fowler's position c. An alert 67-year-old woman with nausea in a sitting position d. A critically injured 18-month-old child in a car seat
c.
Which statement reflects the most appropriate way to alert a receiving hospital that you are en route with a patient? a. "St. Margaret's, can you take a report on a person with chest pain?" b. "Inbound with a 76-year-old male complaining of dizziness." c. "St. Elizabeth Hospital, this is BLS ambulance 104. How do you copy?" d. "Dr. Jackson, this is EMT Mike Bennet, can you hear me?
c.
While you are returning from lunch, a frantic woman flags you down and states that she just found a young child on the roadside who appears to have been hit by a car. She is not sure if the child is breathing. You should immediately: a. Call for paramedic assistance and await that unit's arrival b. Grab equipment and get to the child's location c. Advise dispatch that you have been flagged down for a possible emergency, and identify your location d. Inform the woman that she will need to call 911 first
c.
You are an off-duty EMT and have come across a motor vehicle collision. A car has crashed head-on into a utility pole. There is moderate damage to the vehicle and the driver is walking about the scene. You stop and assess the patient. He has a large bruise on his arm and is complaining of abdominal pain where the seat belt contacted his body. Emergency Medical Responders (EMRs) are on scene, and a responding ambulance has a 2-minute ETA. At this point, you realize that: a. You can transfer care to EMRs since EMS has been notified and an ambulance is 2 minutes from the scene b. You can leave the scene since the patient is stable and EMS is 2 minutes away c. You cannot leave until another EMT or paramedic arrives to assume care d. You can only transfer care to a paramedic once he or she arrives on scene
c.
You have arrived at the scene of a medical emergency and find a woman lying on the floor of a grocery store. As you approach her, you know that your first priority as an EMT is: a. patient advocacy b. public safety c. personal safety d. patient care
c.
You have arrived at the scene of a medical emergency. As you enter the room where the patient is located, you note that he is sitting up and talking without difficulty. Emergency Medical Responders (EMRs) are on scene and providing basic care for the patient. What should you do first? a. Place the patient on your stretcher and transfer him to the ambulance b. Get the patient's pulse and respiratory rate, along with his blood pressure c. Get a report from the EMRs d. Ask the patient's family if he has any past medical problems
c.
You have placed a 67-year-old female patient on low-concentration oxygen with a nasal cannula. Under which section of the prehospital care report (PCR) would you document this information? a. Administrative b. Patient data c. Treatment d. Patient narrative
c.
You have transferred care of a 21-year-old woman who overdosed on an unknown drug. For the patient, which best describes who is permitted access to the prehospital care report (PCR)? a. An on-duty police officer who is a friend of the patient b. The emergency physician but not the nurse c. The health care provider assuming care of the patient d. The patient's mother but not brothers or sisters
c.
A 62-year-old male is short of breath. The EMT asks the patient if it would be okay to assess him, including taking his vital signs. The patient agrees by nodding the head "yes". As such, which is true? a. The EMT has gained implied consent b. Informed consent has been obtained by the EMT c. The patient can be transported without further permission d. The EMT has obtained expressed consent
d.
A 77-year-old female is unresponsive, but breathing and with a pulse. On scene, a family member hands you an official document stating that the patient does not want feeding tubes, ventilators, or other long-term life support equipment to keep her alive. There is no mention of whether to administer lifesaving drugs or withhold cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The EMT would recognize this document as a(n): a. "Involuntary Resuscitation" order b. Durable power of attorney c. "Do Not Resuscitate" (DNR) order d. Living will document
d.
A homeless patient is sick and is refusing transport. The patient is alert and clearly has the capacity to understand her situation and make a rational decision, but the temperature tonight will be near zero. The EMT picks up the patient and puts her on the cot. The patient continues to refuse to allow treatment and transport, despite the EMT's explanation that it will be warm in the hospital and she will be fed. The patient is transported. What could the EMT be charged with? a. abandonment b. assault c. negligence d. false imprisonment
d.
A large female patient has fallen in a parking lot between two cars. She must be moved on the backboard to the waiting stretcher, which is located approximately 200 feet from your location. Four rescuers are present. How would they best be used to promote the safest movement of the patient? a. The strongest person at the head, and the other three at the foot end b. One at the head, two at the feet, and the fourth to act as a spotter during the move c. Two at the head, two at the feet, with all rescuers using their right hand to carry the backboard d. One at the head, one at the feet, and the other two on opposite sides on the backboard
d.
A prehospital care report reads: "GSW to LLQ." Based on this, you should recognize that the patient sustained a(n): a. Puncture to the left chest b. Bullet injury to the left chest c. Injury to the left torso d. Gunshot to the lower left abdomen
d.
An EMT is correct when he describes a communicable disease as: a. Any disease that is caused and spread by a viral agent b. a disease for which no immunization exists c. Any of a number of disease that are deadly once contracted d. A disease that can be spread from more person to another
d.
An EMT would perform an urgent move when: a. The patient is stable but has pain b. The scene contains an immediate threat to the patient and EMT c. The patient exhibits no problems with the airway, breathing, or circulation d. The patient has a life-threatening injury
d.
An adult patient with the capacity to make his own decisions has cardiac-type chest pain and is refusing all treatment. What would be the EMT's most appropriate response? a. "I am sorry, but since 911 was called, we must transport you to the hospital. You can refuse treatment there." b. "Since you are oriented and rational, it is your right to refuse. Please sign this refusal of care form." c. "I will need to have you sign this refusal of care form and a family member sign as a witness." d. "Before you refuse, I need to tell you that this could be a heart attack and you could die."
d.
An advantage to asking the patient close-ended questions is that this practice offers a(n): a. Chance to get a significant amount of information b. Opportunity to get a detailed response from the patient c. Opportunity for the patient to elaborate about the medical complaint d. Ability to get medical information very quickly
d.
An alert and oriented male patient with chest discomfort refuses treatment and transport to the hospital. He is angry with his family for calling 911 and refuses to sign the refusal of care form despite several requests. Which of these is your next best action? a. Contact the police to place the patient into protective custody b. Call dispatch on a recorded telephone line and notify the dispatcher of the situation prior to departing the scene c. Carefully restrain the patient and place him on the stretcher for transport d. Have a family member sign as a witness to the father's refusal
d.
An elderly patient is being cared for at home by family members and lies in a hospital-type bed in the living room. After providing necessary care, you prepare to move her from the bed to the stretcher. There is no mechanism that suggests a head, neck, or spinal injury. Which method would be most appropriate in this situation? a. Extremity lift b. Direct carry method c. Direct lift d. Draw sheet method
d.
As a supervisor with an emergency ambulance service, which situation regarding a potential employee would you recognize as falling under the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), and as case in which you would make reasonable accommodations? a. A blind patient who wants to become an EMT, but has not taken a class yet b. Applicant who cannot pass the EMT certification exam because he is dyslexic c. An EMT who has requested help with a drug and alcohol problem d. A dispatcher with a prosthetic leg who requires parking next to the building entrance
d.
For negligence to be proven, what must be present? a. Harm to the patient, false imprisonment, duty to act b. Assault, breach of duty, damage, and then abandonment c. Duty to act, breach of duty, battery, forseeability d. Duty to act, breach of duty, injury, proximate cause
d.
If a patient with chest pain takes a daily aspirin, your medical director wants the EMT to contact an emergency department physician first before administering additional aspirin. The act of contacting the emergency department physician by phone or radio for permission to administer additional aspirin is an example of: a. indirect medical control b. quality improvement c. off-line medical direction d. on-line medical direction
d.
If you have questions regarding the steps to take when exposed to an infectious disease, your best resource would be: a. The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services b. Your service's medical director C. Your primary care physician or ED physician d. Your service's written exposure control plan
d.
Medical direction has advised you to place a patient who is obese and extremely short of breath in a supine position. Knowing that doing so may cause the patient to become even more short of breath, your best action would be to: a. Ask your partner what she would do b. Place the patient in the supine position and expedite transport c. Contact a different hospital and transport the patient there d. Explain your concern to the physician and ask for clarification
d.
The functions of a state EMS agency include: a. Review of patient care reports (PCRs) to ensure proper care b. Encouraging fair wages for the different levels of EMS providers c. Determination of the number of EMRs, EMTs, AEMTs, and paramedics allowed in the state d. planning and coordination of the statewide EMS system
d.
The safest and most efficient way of using your body to gain mechanical advantage is: a. To call for backup b. The power lift c. To reduce the distance an object must be used d. Body mechanics
d.
When transferring a patient from a bed to a wheeled stretcher, an EMT uses proper body mechanics when he or she: a. Keeps his arms locked and the patient away from his body during the transfer b. Primarily uses the muscles of his back to move the patient c. Transfers the patient to the stretcher all at once, not in stages d. Aligns his shoulder, hips, and feet when moving the patient
d.
Which patient may be treated under the guideline of implied consent? a. An adult patient with chest pain and sob who is refusing treatment and transport by EMS b. A 47-year-old female with severe abdominal pain who is refusing transport after placing the call to 911 for help c. A 2-year-old boy who fell down a flight of stairs and whose parents want him taken to the hospital d. An unresponsive 33-year-old female who is suspected of taking recreational drugs
d.
Which rationale best explains the reason for wearing a high-visibility safety vest at the scene of a motor vehicle collision? a. Federal law requires that you wear the vest or the EMS system can be fined b. The vest increases your visibility to bystanders and protects you from blood and body fluids d. The use of the vest can increase your visibility to passing drivers at the scene of an accident
d.
Which statement is most appropriate to relay after establishing radio contact with the destination emergency department to which you are transporting a patient? a. "Five minutes out with Mr. John Panzer, who called us today for high blood pressure." b. "Inbound with a 52-year-old suffering from a myocardial infarction." c. "En route with a drug addict who has overdosed on an unspecified amount of heroin." d. "En route to your facility with a 73-year-old male complaining of dizziness."
d.
Why should the EMT provide the physician or nurse with an oral report when transferring care to the hospital emergency department (ED)? a. To inform them of whether they need to see the patient immediately b. To provide input on additional medical care to be given in the ED c. To provide an opportunity for the ED staff to critique the care provided d. To summarize patient assessment and treatment information
d.
You are treating a patient with active tuberculosis. What will afford you the best protection from the disease while you care for the patient? a. purified protein derivative injection b. surgical mask with a face shield c. gloves, gown, and goggles d. high-efficiency particulate aspirator mask
d.
You have been asked to sit on your service's quality improvement (QI) committee. As a knowledgeable EMT, you recognize that in this role you will be involved in projects that are primarily designed to: a. communicate with insurance companies for increased reimbursement b. recruit and reeducate EMTs about the EMS profession c. Identify and reeducate EMTs who routinely do not provide proper care d. Develop ways in which the delivery of emergency care can be improved
d.
You have been called for a 2-year-old female with an arm injury. The child presents with deformity and bruising to her left forearm. When asked, the mother states that the child fell from the bed, but the father states that his daughter fell down the stairs. Given the inconsistent stories, you are suspicious of child abuse. Which narrative would be most appropriate when documenting this situation? a. "Patient appears to be abused; the police will be called and the physician in the ED will be notified." b. "Patient has injuries consistent with child abuse; the mother and father cannot determine how the patient was injured." c. "Mother and father cannot agree on how their daughter got the bruise and deformity to the arm." d. "Patient fell off of bed injuring left arm-per mother; patient fell down stairs injuring left arm-per father."
d.
You have been charged with writing a policy regarding reaching for equipment. In that policy, you indicate that the maximum distance an EMT should reach is no more than: a. One arm's length in front of her body b. 30 inches in front of her body c. 10 to 12 inches in front of her body d. 15 to 20 inches in front of her body
d.
Your coworkers would like to purchase a scoop (orthopedic) stretcher with some grant money. Before the purchase can be authorized, you have been asked to inform the purchasing committee of how this piece of equipment will benefit the service as well as enhance patient care. Your response would be: a. "The scoop stretcher is considered the best device for patients with a possible spinal injury." b. "The scoop stretcher is much more comfortable than a wheeled stretcher." c. "The scoop stretcher does not require straps to secure the patient." d. "The scoop stretcher is good for moving patients from confined areas."
d.
