Endocrine, GI, DM2

What is a nursing priority in the care of a patient with a diagnosis of hypothyroidism? 1 Providing a dark, low-stimulation environment 2 Closely monitoring the patient's intake and output 3 Patient teaching related to levothyroxine 4 Patient teaching related to radioactive iodine therapy

3 Patient teaching related to levothyroxine A euthyroid state most often is achieved in patients with hypothyroidism by the administration of levothyroxine

Which nursing diagnostic statement is the highest priority for a patient with myxedema? 1 Hypothermia 2 Excess fluid volume 3 Imbalanced nutrition: more than body requirements 4 Risk for activity intolerance

1 Hypothermia People with myxedema are at high risk for hypothermia. In myxedema severe hypothyroidism causes slower metabolism and subnormal body temperature. The nursing diagnoses in the other answer options are appropriate for a patient with myxedema, because edema, weight gain, and activity intolerance are likely a result of hypothyroidism.

A registered nurse is teaching a student nurse about polyphagia in diabetes type 2 patients. Which reason regarding the occurrence of polyphagia in diabetes given by the student nurse indicates ineffective learning? 1 Increased levels of insulin in the blood 2 Increased levels of glucose in the blood 3 Increased levels of free fatty acids in the blood 4 Increased levels of free amino acids in the blood

1 Increased levels of insulin in the blood Polyphagia develops due to insufficiency of insulin that is due to destruction of β-cells of the pancreas. The glucose level increases and the insulin-dependent tissues are unable to utilize the glucose due to insufficient insulin, which leads to polyphagia

The nurse is teaching the patient and caregiver about managing hypothyroidism. What instruction should the nurse give the patient? 1 Use soap sparingly. 2 Avoid applying lotions to the skin. 3 Use an enema if required. 4 Reduce intake of dietary fiber.

1 Use soap sparingly. The nurse should teach the patient and caregiver measures to prevent skin breakdown.

What should the nurse include in dietary instructions provided to a patient who is diagnosed with hyperthyroidism? Select all that apply. 2 Consume a high-calorie diet. 3 Eat snacks high in protein. 4 Avoid caffeinated beverages. 5 Decrease the intake of carbohydrates.

2 Consume a high-calorie diet. 3 Eat snacks high in protein. 4 Avoid caffeinated beverages. A diet high in calories and protein is encouraged. Caffeinated beverages should be avoided. High-fiber foods should be avoided, not encouraged, because they can further stimulate the already hyperactive gastrointestinal tract.

The nurse concludes that a patient has Cushing syndrome. Which findings support the nurse's conclusion? Select all that apply. Incorrect 1 Goiter 2 Moon face 3 Hypertension 4 Exophthalmos 5 Decreased muscle mass

2 Moon face 3 Hypertension 5 Decreased muscle mass Cushing syndrome is caused by an increase in serum cortisol levels. A patient with Cushing syndrome has moon face, hypertension, and decreased muscle mass due to protein wasting. A goiter is an enlargement of the thyroid gland caused by iodine deficiency.

A nurse creating a plan of care for a patient with Addison's disease expects that primary treatment will include: 1 Blood transfusions 2 Ablation of the thyroid 3 Oral calcium supplementation 4 Adrenocorticosteroid replacement therapy

4 Adrenocorticosteroid replacement therapy Because Addison's disease results from a deficiency of adrenocorticosteroid hormones, steroid therapy is the primary treatment.

Which statements by a patient with diabetes mellitus indicate a need for additional teaching about interventions to lower the risk of peripheral artery disease? Select all that apply. 1 "I should wear cotton socks." 2 "I should refrain from soaking my feet." 3 "I should refrain from measuring capillary refill." 4 "I should inspect my feet daily for any mottling." 5 "I should remove the hair on my feet on a regular basis."

3 "I should refrain from measuring capillary refill." 5 "I should remove the hair on my feet on a regular basis." The patient with diabetes mellitus is at high risk for developing peripheral artery disease. The nurse should teach the diabetic patient to check capillary refill regularly to ensure he or she has proper blood circulation. The patient should check for hair growth on feet. However, the patient should not remove the hair regularly because it may interfere with assessment of hair growth.

A 45-year-old woman with a body mass index (BMI) of 35 kg/m2 and with a history of gestational diabetes reports increased thirst, frequent urination, and fatigue. What would be the possible diagnosis of the patient? 1 Prediabetes 2 Idiopathic diabetes 3 Adult-onset diabetes 4 Juvenile-onset diabetes

3 Adult-onset diabetes Gestational diabetic individuals are at higher risk to develop type 2 diabetes, also known as adult-onset diabetes. Patients with prediabetes do not have any symptoms of gestational diabetes. Idiopathic diabetes is a form of type 1 diabetes also known as juvenile-onset diabetes.