eng 10

What is the rhyme scheme for the first stanza of "In Flanders Fields"?

AABBA

What is the rhyme scheme of each stanza in "Dulce et Decorum Est"?

ABABCDCD

Select the examples of imagery in the first stanza of "Dulce et Decorum Est." Bent double, like old beggars under sacks, Knock-kneed, coughing like hags, we cursed through sludge, Till on the haunting flares we turned our backs, And towards our distant rest began to trudge.

Bent double, like old beggars under sacks, Knock-kneed, coughing like hags the haunting flares trudge.

In "Four Freedoms Speech," how does Roosevelt use the four freedoms he identifies to make a strong statement about the war in Europe?

By contrasting the "moral order" of the freedoms with the "new order" that dictatorships enforce with "bombs" and "concentration camps," Roosevelt makes it clear to his audience which side is just and decent.

Read this passage from "Four Freedoms Speech" by Franklin D. Roosevelt. No realistic American can expect from a dictator's peace international generosity, or return of true independence, or world disarmament, or freedom of expression, or freedom of religion—or even good business. How does Roosevelt's use of rhetoric in this excerpt advance his viewpoint?

By using parallel structure, Roosevelt draws attention to the reasons he is concerned about the dictators who have taken power in parts of Europe.

from "The Sinews of Peace" When I stand here this quiet afternoon I shudder to visualise what is actually happening to millions now and what is going to happen in this period when famine stalks the earth. None can compute what has been called "the unestimated sum of human pain." Our supreme task and duty is to guard the homes of the common people from the horrors and miseries of another war. We are all agreed on that. Read the passage from "The Sinews of Peace." What viewpoint does Churchill express in the passage?

He feels it is the duty of the victorious democracies to keep the world safe in the future.

War is Kind by Stephen Crane Do not weep, maiden, for war is kind. Because your lover threw wild hands toward the sky And the affrighted steed ran on alone, Do not weep. War is kind. Hoarse, booming drums of the regiment, Little souls who thirst for fight, These men were born to drill and die. The unexplained glory flies above them, Great is the battle god, great, and his kingdom A field where a thousand corpses lie. Do not weep, babe, for war is kind. Because your father tumbled in the yellow trenches, Raged at his breast, gulped and died, Do not weep. War is kind. Swift blazing flag of the regiment, Eagle with crest of red and gold, These men were born to drill and die. Point for them the virtue of slaughter, Make plain to them the excellence of killing And a field where a thousand corpses lie. Mother whose heart hung humble as a button On the bright splendid shroud of your son, Do not weep. War is kind. What is the connotative meaning of the phrase "little souls" in Stanza 2?

It connotes the youthful naivete of these soldiers.

"There Will Come Soft Rains" consists of six two-line rhyming couplets. What effect does this structure have on the poem?

It makes each couplet a separate unit. The reader can pause and think before going on to the next one.

Refer to Explorations in Literature for a complete version of this poem. In John McCrae's poem "In Flanders Fields," the dead bodies of soldiers are personified as if they are still alive—able to speak to the reader and pass a torch, and trying to sleep. What effect does this personification have on the poem?

It makes the reader feel intimate with the dead soldiers and able to understand them.

Dulce et Decorum Est by Wilfred Owen Bent double, like old beggars under sacks, Knock-kneed, coughing like hags, we cursed through sludge, Till on the haunting flares we turned our backs, And towards our distant rest began to trudge. Men marched asleep. Many had lost their boots, But limped on, blood-shod. All went lame; all blind; Drunk with fatigue; deaf even to the hoots Of gas-shells dropping softly behind. Gas! Gas! Quick boys!—An ecstasy of fumbling, Fitting the clumsy helmets just in time, But someone still was yelling out and stumbling And floundering like a man in fire or lime — Dim through the misty panes and thick green light, As under a green sea, I saw him drowning. In all my dreams, before my helpless sight, He plunges at me, guttering, choking, drowning. If in some smothering dreams, you too could pace Behind the wagon that we flung him in, And watch the white eyes writhing in his face, His hanging face, like a devil's sick of sin; If you could hear, at every jolt, the blood Come gargling from the froth-corrupted lungs, Obscene as cancer, bitter as the cud Of vile, incurable sores on innocent tongues,— My friend, you would not tell with such high zest To children ardent for some desperate glory, The old Lie: Dulce et Decorum Est Pro patria mori. What statement best explains the impact of the phrase "All went lame; all blind" in Stanza 1 of the poem?

It suggests that no soldier escapes the hell of war.

What grows in Flanders Fields?

Poppies

A part of the sacrifice means the payment of more money in taxes. In my Budget Message I shall recommend that a greater portion of this great defense program be paid for from taxation than we are paying today. No person should try, or be allowed, to get rich out of this program; and the principle of tax payments in accordance with ability to pay should be constantly before our eyes to guide our legislation. Based on this passage, what is Roosevelt's view on tax increases?

Tax increases should apply to the wealthy as well as to everyone else.

Read these lines from "Come Up from the Fields Father" by Walt Whitman. ...(the just-grown daughter speaks through her sobs, the little sisters huddle around speechless and dismay'd)... What impact does alliteration have on these lines?

The gathering of s sounds enhances the picture of the daughters gathered close together. The unity of sound leads to a sense of unity in the lines as they move forward.

There Will Come Soft Rains by Sara Teasdale There will come soft rains and the smell of the ground, And swallows circling with their shimmering sound; And frogs in the pools singing at night, And wild-plum trees in tremulous white; Robins will wear their feathery fire Whistling their whims on a low fence-wire; And not one will know of the war, not one Will care at last when it is done. Not one would mind, neither bird nor tree, If mankind perished utterly; And Spring herself, when she woke at dawn, Would scarcely know that we were gone. Reread these lines from the poem: And frogs in the pools singing at night, And wild-plum trees in tremulous white; Which statement best describes the effect of figurative language on the tone of the poem?

The imagery of the animals and trees provides a soothing tone.

Read the lines from "In Flanders Fields." In Flanders fields the poppies blow Between the crosses, row on row... What does the description of poppies and rows of crosses tell you about the setting of the poem?

The place is a cemetery.

Read these lines from "Dulce et Decorum Est" by Wilfred Owen. Gas! Gas! Quick boys!—An ecstasy of fumbling, Fitting the clumsy helmets just in time, But someone still was yelling out and stumbling... How do these lines evoke a sense of the time and place in which this poem is set?

The repetition of the word gas, the exclamation "Quick boys," and the reference to "helmets" all help convey that this poem takes place during World War I and describes a chemical weapons attack.

excerpt from "The Sinews of Peace" by Winston Churchill It would nevertheless be wrong and imprudent to entrust the secret knowledge or experience of the atomic bomb, which the United States, Great Britain, and Canada now share, to the world organisation, while it is still in its infancy. It would be criminal madness to cast it adrift in this still agitated and un-united world. No one in any country has slept less well in their beds because this knowledge and the method and the raw materials to apply it, are at present largely retained in American hands. I do not believe we should all have slept so soundly had the positions been reversed and if some Communist or neo-Fascist State monopolised for the time being these dread agencies. The fear of them alone might easily have been used to enforce totalitarian systems upon the free democratic world, with consequences appalling to human imagination. Refer to Explorations in Literature for a complete version of the speech. How does Churchill use rhetoric to advance his purpose in this section of "The Sinews of Peace"?

The use of charged language invokes fear while also providing the reader with a sense of protection.

excerpt from "Four Freedoms Speech" by Franklin D. Roosevelt In the future days, which we seek to make secure, we look forward to a world founded upon four essential human freedoms. The first is freedom of speech and expression—everywhere in the world. The second is freedom of every person to worship God in his own way—everywhere in the world The third is freedom from want—which, translated into world terms, means economic understandings which will secure to every nation a healthy peacetime life for its inhabitants—everywhere in the world. The fourth is freedom from fear—which, translated into world terms, means a worldwide reduction of armaments to such a point and in such a thorough fashion that no nation will be in a position to commit an act of physical aggression against any neighbor—anywhere in the world. That is no vision of a distant millennium. It is a definite basis for a kind of world attainable in our own time and generation. That kind of world is the very antithesis of the so-called new order of tyranny which the dictators seek to create with the crash of a bomb. To that new order we oppose the greater conception—the moral order. A good society is able to face schemes of world domination and foreign revolutions alike without fear. Read the excerpt from Franklin D. Roosevelt's "Four Freedoms Speech," and then consider the four-framed image. The image has four distinct frames. The first frame is labeled Freedom of Speech and has several men and women reading various newspapers. The second frame is labeled Freedom of Religion and has people of many different religions and cultures standing and praying. The third frame is labeled Freedom from Want and has a couple sitting around a dining room table, a large platter of turkey and several side dishes in front of them. The fourth frame is labeled Freedom from Fear and has members of a marching band parading in front of a Ferris wheel and a carnival tent. How does the printed text compare to the image?

While Roosevelt stresses that freedom from want must be ensured across the globe, the image depicts that freedom in a more traditionally American context.

In the poem "War is Kind," what three events occur that the poet responds with, "Do not weep. War is kind"?

a child loses his father a girl loses her love a mother loses her son

What is a seminal work?

a work that is the basis for important ideas and that influences later works

In the poem "There Will Come Soft Rains," who doesn't care about war? Select all answers that are correct.

birds. trees. spring.

Robert Emmet was an Irish rebel leader who was sentenced to death for his role in a failed 1803 uprising against Britain, which ruled Ireland at that time. He delivered a famous speech prior to his execution, rejecting the notion that England had any right to govern in Ireland and attacking the judges who presided over his trial. Read this excerpt from Emmet's speech entitled "The Speech from the Dock." Why did your lordship insult me? Or rather, why insult justice in demanding of me why sentence of death should not be pronounced? I know, my lord, that form prescribes that you should ask the question. What rhetorical device does the passage primarily use?

hypophora

Read this passage from Robert Emmet's "The Speech from the Dock." Let no man dare, when I am dead to charge me with dishonor; let no man attaint my memory by believing that I could have engaged in any cause but that of my country's liberty and independence, or that I could have become the pliant minion of power in the oppression or the miseries of my countrymen. Based on Emmet's use of language in the passage, what type of appeal is he using?

pathos

While governments are concerned with war and tyranny, what does Churchill identify as the prime cause of worry and anxiety for the people?

poverty and privation

What is the primary purpose of the United Nations organization?

preventing war

What is the "over-all strategic concept" Churchill feels should be focused on?

safety, welfare, freedom, and progress of all men and women

Reread the second stanza. Who is the speaker?

soldiers who died fighting a war

Read the lines from "In Flanders Fields." To you from falling hands we throw The torch; be your to hold it high. The speaker is not literally throwing a torch. Figuratively, what does the torch stand for? Select each correct answer. the confusion of battle the pride of the nation the duty to keep fighting the blasts of bombs and rockets

the pride of the nation the duty to keep fighting

Why do writers provide evidence to support the big ideas they wish to convey to audiences?

to demonstrate that the ideas aren't just the author's opinion but are factually convincing

Why do authors and speakers consider their audiences when crafting a text or a speech?

to gain the audience's interest in the topic to choose language that will persuade the audience

What was one of Churchill's purposes for writing "The Sinews of Peace"?

to warn America and the world about the threat that the Soviet Union and the rise of communism posed to freedom and peace

from "The Sinews of Peace" We welcome Russia to her rightful place among the leading nations of the world. We welcome her flag upon the seas. Above all, we welcome constant, frequent and growing contacts between the Russian people and our own people on both sides of the Atlantic. It is my duty however, for I am sure you would wish me to state the facts as I see them to you, to place before you certain facts about the present position in Europe. From Stettin in the Baltic to Trieste in the Adriatic, an iron curtain has descended across the Continent. Read the passage from "The Sinews of Peace." What is Churchill trying to accomplish in the passage?

to warn his audience of a new and growing danger to world peace and freedom

Which two concepts does Churchill cite as a threat to security?

tyranny war