Eng 9 - 2023-24 S1 Final Exam Review
sullen
(adj) silent or brooding because of ill humor, anger, or resentment; slow moving, sluggish.
prodigious
(adj.) immense; extraordinary in bulk, size, or degree
retaliation
(n.) - revenge, punishment; returning an injury or wrong
breach
(n.) an opening, gap, rupture, rift; a violation or infraction; (v.) to create an opening, break through
character - dynamic
A character who changes, especially one who comes to a major realization
simile
A comparison using "like" or "as"
metaphor
A comparison without using like or as; ___ is ___
inference
A conclusion reached on the basis of evidence and reasoning
personification
A figure of speech in which an object or animal is given human feelings, thoughts, or attitudes
Works cited page
A list of sources that are referenced directly in a research paper - alphabetical order, hanging indent
allusion
A reference to a well-known person, place, event, literary work, or work of art
summary
A retelling of the most important parts of what was read.
paradox
A statement or proposition that seems self-contradictory or absurd but in reality expresses a possible truth.
argument
A statement put forth and supported by evidence
symbol
A thing that represents or stands for something else, especially a material object representing something abstract.
The Odyssey
An ancient Greek epic by Homer that recounts the adventures of Odysseus during his return from the war in Troy to his home in the Greek island of Ithaca.
"Bessie Coleman"
An article by the US Airforce about Bessie Coleman's life and impact
Excerpt from Highest Duty
An excerpt from Chesley "Sully" Sullenberger's memoir that discusses how his role models and interests at a young age led him to be a great pilot, helping save the lives of everyone on board flight 1547 when he landed the plane in the Hudson River
tone
Attitude a writer takes toward the audience, a subject, or a character
direct characterization
Author directly describes character; personality trait words are used in the text
in-text citations
Crediting source within the paper after providing a quote or paraphrase - often it is the author's last name and page number in parentheses.
imagery
Description that appeals to the senses (sight, sound, smell, touch, taste)
mood
How the reader feels about the text while reading.
figurative language
Language that cannot be taken literally since it was written to create a special effect or feeling.
climax
Most exciting moment of the story; turning point
repetition / anaphora
Repeated use of sounds, words, or ideas for effect and emphasis
"Marigolds"
Short story by Eugenia Collier about Lizabeth acting out in anger and destroying Miss Lottie's flowers.
author's purpose
The reason the author has for writing. ( Inform, persuade, express, & entertain)
MLA formatting
Times New Roman, size 12 pt. font, double spacing, 1" margins, page number in top right corner with last name, header with your name, teacher's name, class, and date (day month year)
indirect characterization
When the author lets readers draw their own conclusions about characters based on how they act, speak, think, effect others, and look (inferences). Traits are not directly stated.
objectively
Without being influenced by personal feelings; unbiased standards
Fahrenheit 451
a dystopian novel by Ray Bradbury that depicts a futuristic world that lacks freedom, individuality, and true history - provides a cautionary tale about what could happen if we stop caring about critical thinking, reading, and individuality.
central idea
a one-sentence statement that sums up or encapsulates the major ideas of a speech
A Raisin in the Sun
a play by Lorraine Hansberry about a family in Chicago during the 1950s who struggle to achieve their dreams during a time of racism and segregation.
motif
a repeating object, idea, thing, color, etc. that helps to develop the theme (motif = topic and theme = lesson about topic).
anecdote
a short and amusing or interesting story about a real incident or person that helps prove a point
"Volar"
a short story about a girl who images being a superhero
suspense / tension
a state or feeling of excited or anxious uncertainty about what may happen.
hierarchy
a system or organization in which people or groups are ranked one above the other according to status or authority.
"Why I Lied to Everyone in High School About Knowing Karate"
a true story/memoir about Jabeen Akhtar lying to try to fit in and be accepted in school.
pathos
an argumentative appeal that uses emotion (pity)
logos
an argumentative appeal that uses facts, logic, reasoning (logic)
ethos
an argumentative appeal that uses trust, credibility, and expert opinion (expert)
"I Have a Dream"
an argumentative speech by Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. that advocates for change and equality during the Civil Rights Movement
stage directions
an instruction in the text of a play, especially one indicating the movement, position, or tone of an actor, or the sound effects and lighting.
censor
an official who watches others for correct behavior; to remove offensive material from
subjectively
based on personal opinion
implore
beg someone earnestly or desperately to do something
Cold Read
brand new story you have not read before with skills-based questions
malicious
characterized by malice; intending or intended to do harm
plot elements
exposition, rising action, climax, falling action, resolution
inextricably
in a way that is impossible to disentangle or separate.
character - protagonist
is the central character of a drama, novel, short story, or narrative poem - drives the plot forward
feeble
lacking physical strength, especially as a result of age or illness
perpetual
never ending or changing
parallel structure
repetition of the same pattern of words or phrases within a sentence or passage to show that two or more ideas have the same level of importance.
eccentricity
strange and unconventional behavior; oddness
narration
telling a story
character - antagonist
the character that the main character (protagonist) struggles against.
treason
the crime of betraying one's country
theme
the moral or lesson that a story tries to convey to the reader
point of view
the perspective from which a story is told
epigraph
the use of a quotation at the beginning of a work that hints at its theme
claim
the writer's position on an issue or problem (an argument)
defer
to put aside until later; to yield respectfully; to delay
paraphrase
to restate in other words - still needs a citation since you are restating the source's original ideas and not your own.