Environmental Science Test MP3 Energy Forms
The processing of natural gas is done to separate other chemicals from the pure natural gas: TRUE or FALSE
TRUE
Thermal power stations involve the heating of water to create steam. A nuclear power plant falls under this category: TRUE or FALSE
TRUE
Wave power applications have to be able to withstand coastal storms and corrosion of seawater: TRUE or FALSE
TRUE
Wind has been used for power for hundreds of years: TRUE or FALSE
TRUE
Wind power does not add any greenhouse gases into the atmosphere: TRUE or FALSE
TRUE
______ are rocky materials mixed with very thick oil.
Tar sands
What is a reason tar sands are strip-mined rather than pumped?
Tar sands are too thick to pump
In which state is the Altamont Pass wind farm located?
California
Petroleum
1. Nonrenewable 2. Made through dead ancient plants and organisms through heat, time (millions of years), and pressure 3. To conserve it, use less of it, carpool, consider turning car off at traffic lights
Coal
1. Nonrenewable 2. Process of steam to turbines to generator to create electricity 3. Can conserve coal by using less of it, take public transportation, and turn off heating or cooling systems in your home when unnecessary
Solar energy
1. Renewable 2. Harnessed by the power of the sun, source of energy to make is nuclear fusion 3. Try not to use too much electricity to conserve solar energy, solar batteries can also conserve energy, since solar energy only works when sun is out (not when cloudy or at night)
Why is algae considered a better option as source of biofuel than corn?
Algae requires less land and energy to produce, algae can be grown in locations where crops can't, and algae can thrive on waste (All of the above)
What is the highest quality type of coal, used primarily for residential and commercial space heating?
Anthracite
To generate power, uranium atoms in fuel rods.
Are hit by tiny particles so that they split apart
The fuel made by the processing of biomass is called ________.
Biofuel
Biomass can be converted into _______.
Biofuels, methane, and ethanol (All of the above)
Which of the following sources of energy can be the result of recent photosynthesis?
Biomass
Most coal in the United States, and worldwide, is this type:
Bituminous
When gasoline burns, it turns into this.
Carbon dioxide, water vapor, heat (All of the above)
___________ is a solid form of hydrocarbon.
Coal
Heat is transferred from a liquid to an adjacent object through a process called
Conduction
Geothermal energy can be used to ________.
Create electricity
What is coal made from?
Dead plant matter
Where does geothermal energy come from?
Earth's internal heat
What are the results of burning gasoline?
Energy to power vehicles, air pollution, global warming, and smog
Acquiring steam from geysers and hot springs can harm the environment: TRUE or FALSE
FALSE
Although petroleum, coal and natural gas will eventually run out, tar sands and oil shale will be available for centuries at no more than traditional sources of fossil fuels: TRUE or FALSE
FALSE
Anthracite has the lowest carbon concentration and is the least desirable type of coal: TRUE or FALSE
FALSE
Bituminous coal burns more cleanly than anthracite coal: TRUE or FALSE
FALSE
Geothermal energy creates greenhouse gases and other pollutants: TRUE or FALSE
FALSE
Geothermal energy is a resource easily accessible throughout the world: TRUE or FALSE
FALSE
Natural gas is not a greenhouse gas: TRUE or FALSE
FALSE
Petroleum can only be used as fuel: TRUE or FALSE
FALSE
Plants are the only materials which constitute biomass: TRUE or FALSE
FALSE
The United States produces about one-half as much oil as it uses: TRUE or FALSE
FALSE
The energy of waves and tides cannot be used to produce power: TRUE or FALSE
FALSE
The number of tiny particles allowed to hit fuel rods in a nuclear power plant is unpredictable and spontaneous: TRUE or FALSE
FALSE
Water in a nuclear reactor is never heated: TRUE or FALSE
FALSE
Wind can be used to generate hydroelectricity because the moving air can spin a turbine: TRUE or FALSE
FALSE
Which of these requires oil?
Fertilizer, Wax, Plastic (All of the above)
Natural gas is used:
For cooking and heating in homes and burned to generate heat for powering turbines (Both A and B)
The Sun is the source of energy in
Fossil fuels
The process of extracting natural gas by injecting liquid waste into deep wells is known as ________.
Fracking
The source of solar power is nuclear __________.
Fusion
Crude oil is a mixture of many different hydrocarbons which burn at different temperatures and produce ______.
Gasoline, diesel, and heating oil
Before natural gas can be used it must
Have toxic chemicals removed
How does burning coal make electricity?
Heat boils water to make steam, spin turbines, turns generators, and makes electricity
Which of the following is not a disadvantage of hydroelectric dams?
High emissions of carbon dioxide
Natural gas be found with oil, but forms at ______ temperatures.
Higher
Sun's energy results from the fusion of _______.
Hydrogen
Oil shale is different from oil from petroleum because it is
Is dispersed through rock
An advantage of wind power is _________.
It does not release pollutants or greenhouse gases, it is plentiful in many places, and the technology to harness wind energy is being developed rapidly (All of the above)
California is the best developed location in the U.S. for geothermal energy because
It is geologically active and heat sources are close to the surface
Why isn't gravity a type of chemical erosion?
It isn't a type of chemical erosion because erosion by gravity is just the movement of tiny particles from erosion, it doesn't cause any sort of chemical erosion. An example of a chemical erosion would be acidic rain.
Which of the following is false for nuclear power?
Its generation involves nuclear fusion reactions with radioactive uranium
Water flowing downhill has ______.
Kinetic energy
Wind is always moving and has _________.
Kinetic energy
The considerations needed when using biomass for fuel include
Many crops need fertilizers to grow, which can become pollutants
Anthracite is this type of rock.
Metamorphic
Natural gas is mostly ________.
Methane
What is the source of the Sun's energy?
Nuclear fusion
Which of the following is an alternative source of fossil fuel?
Oil shale and tar sands (Both A & B)
What are the most abundant elements in a living organism?
Oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, sulfur, and phosphorus
The water in the reservoir behind a dam has _________, while the water flowing downhill into a turbine has _________.
Potential energy, kinetic energy
Solar energy can be used for:
Providing energy to space stations, providing electricity, and heating water (All of the above)
Solar energy travels through the empty space between the Sun and Earth as ________.
Radiation
The transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves through space is called _______.
Radiation
Geothermal energy is a type of _______ energy.
Renewable
The energy in a nuclear power plant creates _______, which causes a turbine to spin.
Steam
Biomass from which sugars are released and fermented create fuel: TRUE or FALSE
TRUE
Biomass is an energy resource formed of remains of plants and animals that lived recently: TRUE or FALSE
TRUE
Caustic soda and water are used to mine oil from tar sands: TRUE or FALSE
TRUE
Coal is a solid fossil fuel that is made of dead, ancient organisms: TRUE or FALSE
TRUE
Coal that was formed through metamorphism burns more cleanly: TRUE or FALSE
TRUE
Conduction is the process in which energy moves from a location of higher temperature to a location at lower temperatures as heat: TRUE or FALSEn
TRUE
Corn or algae can be processed to produce biofuels: TRUE or FALSE
TRUE
Crude oil is trapped between a porous rock layer and an impermeable layer: TRUE or FALSE
TRUE
Fracking has increased rapidly in the United States in recent years: TRUE or FALSE
TRUE
Fracking increases the rate of natural gas recovery: TRUE or FALSE
TRUE
Hydroelectric dams are a clean source of energy: TRUE or FALSE
TRUE
Hydroelectric power utilizes the mechanical energy of rapidly flowing water to turn a turbine and generate electricity: TRUE or FALSE
TRUE
In a car engine, gasoline burns to become gases, which expand when heated and move pistons to power the car: TRUE or FALSE
TRUE
Nuclear power plants produce waste products that are harmful to the environment: TRUE or FALSE
TRUE
Oil is formed from buried dead organisms at high temperature and pressure: TRUE or FALSE
TRUE
Oil shale extraction can affect the recreational value of the ecosystem in the mining area: TRUE or FALSE
TRUE
Petroleum is recovered through oil drilling: TRUE or FALSE
TRUE
Steam turbine thermal power stations and geothermal power stations work on same principles: TRUE or FALSE
TRUE
Tar sands are rocky materials mixed with very thick oil: TRUE or FALSE
TRUE
The Keystone XL Pipeline is controversial because the oil it carries could cause environmental damage: TRUE or FALSE
TRUE
The Sun's energy creates wind energy because the Sun heats certain areas more than others, causing warm air to rise and other air to move in. This causes convection cells, and the horizontal movement in those cells is called wind: TRUE or FALSE
TRUE
The likely source of heat for the largest geothermal plant in California is a large magma chamber: TRUE or FALSE
TRUE
In what ways do dams change a river's ecosystem?
The area before the dam becomes a deep lake or reservoir and floods an area where there previously was just a river, fish and other river life might not be able to survive when water flow is cut off, and the slow the release silt from upstream to downstream when a dam blocks the river.
Much of the concern about the dangers of fracking is due to.
The chemicals that are in the fracking fluids
Why are hydroelectric power plants and dams often located in mountainous areas?
The downward flow of water is what generates energy and mountains have streams flowing downward.
Unlike petroleum, geothermal energy can be used without processing. Why is this the case?
The hot water or steam can directly be used to make a turbine spin to generate energy.
What is environmental science?
The study of how the natural world works, how our environment affects us, and how we affect our environment, a combination of many forms of science subjects
What is the source of heat for a solar panel?
The sun
Which of the following is not a biomass energy source?
Tidal wave
Which element is mined, processed, and concentrated into fuel rods to be used at nuclear power plants?
Uranium
Which of the following is used in a nuclear reactor?
Uranium
The environmental consequences of obtaining energy from tar sands include.
Using a lot of water that must be heated, plus caustic chemicals
The wind blows strong through California mountain passes because
Warm air in the inland valleys rises, sucking cool air across the pass from the ocean
Negative environmental consequences of nuclear power include.
Waste that is radioactive for hundreds of thousands of years
Why is water power a renewable resource?
Water will always flow downhill due to gravity.
What are some disadvantages of wind power?
Wind turbines are expensive and can wear out quickly and wind does not blow all the time, so either energy must be saved for later use or another form of energy must be available.
One or more disadvantages of wind power are
Windmills are expensive to build and maintain